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  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 駁案匯編 賊盜 量刑 實體公正　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：量刑作為以法律為根據(jù),對犯人裁量刑罰的審判活動,是將法律實行的過程,是對相對人實體權(quán)利產(chǎn)生影響的活動。司法者在量刑過程中所遵循的原則、依據(jù)等直接體現(xiàn)了當(dāng)時的法律水平,量刑的結(jié)果公平與否不僅關(guān)乎案件當(dāng)事人的合法權(quán)益是否得到維護(hù),也關(guān)乎民眾對于法律及其背后支撐的國家權(quán)力信奉與否,進(jìn)而影響社會穩(wěn)定及法治進(jìn)程。我國幾千年的法制進(jìn)程中自有其獨特的量刑方法和原則,體現(xiàn)著傳統(tǒng)的價值選擇和判斷。在量刑問題依然制約法治進(jìn)程和人民法律信仰程度的今天,或可通過借鑒古代量刑智慧來改進(jìn)當(dāng)前的量刑實踐,使法治得以實現(xiàn),使人民從每一個案件中感受到公平正義,通過一個個案件來認(rèn)可法律的權(quán)威。清代作為封建社會的最后一個朝代,法制和司法模式已經(jīng)成熟,有很強的借鑒意義。而要了解清代的量刑,《駁案匯編》是最具代表性的資料,《駁案匯編》作為清代乾嘉時期的成案編集,所收案例一般都是原檔案和卷宗的復(fù)錄,以其真實性、全面性、權(quán)威性的特點而具有很高的研究價值。通過對其中案例的分析,以清晰的得出當(dāng)時的司法運作狀況。賊盜案歷來為統(tǒng)治者所嚴(yán)厲打擊,賊盜律位于《大清律例·刑律》之首,對《駁案匯編》中的賊盜案進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的研究能概括出當(dāng)時的量刑狀況和有益經(jīng)驗�！恶g案匯編》中的有關(guān)賊盜案例,體現(xiàn)了其刑罰適中、情罪相符、審慎量刑、合乎情理的量刑原則,在量刑的過程中,力求平允,犯罪者所受的刑罰與其所犯罪行和造成的危害相當(dāng)。在駁回督撫呈遞的案件中,刑部批駁理由大都是定罪不平,案件事實不情,罪名輕重攸分,事關(guān)生死,未便率覆,體現(xiàn)了其量刑審慎,力求公正的量刑原則。在具體案例中,以常人情理判斷案中當(dāng)事人的具體行為,從而對案件情節(jié)進(jìn)行判斷量刑,以真正做到懲惡蔽辜,達(dá)到實體公正,體現(xiàn)了其合乎情理,罰當(dāng)其罪的量刑原則。各個量刑原則體現(xiàn)在一個個具體的案例中,揭示著當(dāng)時的量刑者在量刑的過程中所一直堅持的準(zhǔn)則。在具體的案例中,可以分析出當(dāng)時的量刑者希望通過量刑達(dá)到“辟以止辟,刑期無刑”、靖風(fēng)俗、穩(wěn)定社會秩序、懲惡蔽辜的量刑目的。當(dāng)時的量刑,追求的是實體的正義,讓惡者得到懲罰,讓無辜的人得到情理上的補償。同時,通過量刑,達(dá)到預(yù)防犯罪,靖肅風(fēng)俗,穩(wěn)定社會秩序的目的。在案例中也體現(xiàn)出量刑者對于事實狀況、情節(jié)認(rèn)定、律文選擇、罪名確定等方面的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),對刑法適用的慎重,這些對于當(dāng)今時代的量刑也具有重要的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Sentencing, as a judicial activity based on the law and discretion of the criminal penalty, is the process of enforcing the law and has an impact on the substantive rights of the relative person. The basis and so on directly reflected the level of the law at that time. Whether the result of sentencing was fair or not was not only related to whether the legitimate rights and interests of the parties to the case were protected, but also whether the public believed in the law and the state power underpinned by it. Thus affecting the process of social stability and the rule of law. Our country has its own unique sentencing methods and principles in the legal process of thousands of years. It reflects the traditional value choice and judgment. Today, the sentencing problem still restricts the process of the rule of law and the people's legal belief, or we can improve the current sentencing practice by using ancient sentencing wisdom for reference, so that the rule of law can be realized. Let the people feel fair and just in every case, and recognize the authority of the law through one case after another. As the last dynasty of feudal society, the legal system and judicial model have matured. This is of great significance for reference. In order to understand the sentencing of the Qing Dynasty, the Collection of refuting cases is the most representative data. As a compilation of successful cases in the Qianjia period of the Qing Dynasty, the cases received are generally rerecorded from the original archives and files, with their authenticity. Comprehensive, authoritative characteristics and has a high research value. Through the analysis of the cases, in order to get a clear understanding of the judicial operation at that time. Theft cases have always been severely attacked by the rulers. The theft law is located at the head of the "Qing Law 路Criminal Law". A detailed study of the theft case in the Collection of rebuttal cases can generalize the situation of sentencing and beneficial experience at that time. The relevant cases of burglary and theft in the Collection of refuting cases reflect the appropriate penalty. The principle of appropriate, prudent and reasonable sentencing. In the course of sentencing, the offender is subject to a penalty comparable to the crime he has committed and the harm he has caused. In the case submitted by the governor, Most of the reasons approved by the Ministry of torture are unfair conviction, the fact of the case is not sentimental, the charges are serious and serious, the death or death is concerned, and the rate of failure is repeated. This reflects its discretion in sentencing and strives for a just sentencing principle. In specific cases, Judging the concrete behavior of the party in the case by ordinary people's reason, so that the circumstances of the case can be judged and sentenced, in order to truly punish the evil, to achieve substantive justice, which reflects its reasonable, Penalty is the sentencing principle of its crime. Each sentencing principle is embodied in a specific case, revealing the criteria that the sentencing person at that time insisted on in the course of sentencing. In the specific case, It can be analyzed that the sentencing people at that time hoped to achieve the sentencing purposes of "opening up a sentence without punishment," pacifying customs, stabilizing social order, and punishing evil people. At that time, sentencing was meant to pursue substantive justice, so that the villains could be punished. Let innocent people get reasonable compensation. At the same time, through sentencing, to achieve the purpose of crime prevention, Jing Su custom, and stabilize social order. In the case, it also reflects the sentencing person's choice of facts, circumstances, and laws. The rigorous determination of charges and discretion in the application of criminal law are also of great significance for sentencing in the present age.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D924.1

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