交叉口處公交車排放測算的延誤修正模型研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-23 15:04
【摘要】：公交車具有運量大、效率高、人均排放少等優(yōu)點。因此,大力發(fā)展公交車系統(tǒng)不僅可以緩解城市交通擁堵,還可以減少污染的排放和能源的消耗。眾所周知,交叉口處車輛排放相比路段較高,又是人口密集點。雖然目前有一些關(guān)于交叉口處公交車排放的研究,卻很少有學(xué)者研究交叉口處常用交通運行評價指標與公交車排放的關(guān)系數(shù)學(xué)模型。因此本文研究了交叉口處的公交車常用運行評價指標與排放的關(guān)系。 本文利用大量的北京市柴油公交車實測的排放數(shù)據(jù)和行駛工況數(shù)據(jù),分析延誤與排放的關(guān)系,建立基于VSP分布的交叉口處柴油公交車排放的延誤修正模型。首先,提出了VSP Bin劃分方法,以lkw/t為步長劃分VSP Bin,當速度和加速度都為0時, VSP Bin為Bin16�；赑EMS測試的大量排放數(shù)據(jù)計算柴油公交車不同VSPBin的排放率,建立了基于VSP參數(shù)的柴油公交車排放預(yù)測模型。然后,根據(jù)柴油公交車在交叉口處的轉(zhuǎn)向和交叉口類型確定了交叉口研究區(qū)域的大小,基于GPS采集的行駛工況數(shù)據(jù)最終篩選出2002組交叉口處柴油公交車行駛工況數(shù)據(jù),計算各組數(shù)據(jù)的延誤及VSP分布,分析不同交叉口類型(次-次型交叉口和次-支型交叉口)和不同停車次數(shù)(0次停車、1次停車、2次停車)下各延誤對應(yīng)的VSP分布,發(fā)現(xiàn)0次停車時VSP分布圖類似于正態(tài)分布,Bin0處分布率高,兩側(cè)逐漸減小,并且Bin16的分布率為0。1次停車和2次停車的VSP分布圖相似,Bin16的分布率遠高于其他Bin的,且隨著延誤地增加而增加,但增長速度逐漸下降。兩種交叉口類型的VSP分布與延誤關(guān)系圖相似,Bin16處的分布率大,但延誤較小時次-次型交叉口的VSP分布較次-支型交叉口的更為集中在Bin0處。接著,計算每組數(shù)據(jù)所對應(yīng)的排放因子,確定不同交叉口類型的基本排放因子,最終計算得到不同交叉口類型不同停車次數(shù)下各延誤所對應(yīng)的修正系數(shù),分析發(fā)現(xiàn)排放的延誤修正系數(shù)與延誤存在線性關(guān)系,從而建立兩種交叉類型不同停車次數(shù)下柴油公交車排放的延誤修正模型。 最后,應(yīng)用SPSS軟件和行駛工況數(shù)據(jù)對所提出的排放延誤修正模型分別進行顯著性檢驗和有效性檢驗,結(jié)果表明基于延誤的修正模型能夠有效地估算柴油公交車在交叉口處的排放。
[Abstract]:Buses have the advantages of large capacity, high efficiency and less per capita emissions. Therefore, the development of bus system can not only alleviate urban traffic congestion, but also reduce pollution emissions and energy consumption. As we all know, vehicle emissions at intersections are higher and more densely populated than road sections. Although there are some researches on bus emission at intersections, few scholars have studied the mathematical model of the relationship between the commonly used evaluation indexes of traffic operation and the emission of buses at intersections. Therefore, this paper studies the relationship between common operation evaluation indexes and emission of buses at intersections. In this paper, based on a large number of measured emission data and driving condition data of diesel buses in Beijing, the relationship between delay and emission is analyzed, and a delay correction model of diesel bus emissions at intersections based on VSP distribution is established. First of all, the VSP Bin partition method is proposed, in which the, VSP Bin is Bin16. when the velocity and acceleration are zero, and the VSP Bin, is partitioned with lkw/t as the step size. Based on a large number of emission data measured by PEMS, the emission rates of different VSPBin of diesel buses are calculated, and a diesel bus emission prediction model based on VSP parameters is established. Then, according to the direction and type of the diesel bus at the intersection, the size of the intersection research area is determined. Finally, 2002 groups of diesel bus driving condition data are screened out based on the driving condition data collected by GPS. The data delay and VSP distribution of each group were calculated, and the VSP distribution of each delay was analyzed under different intersections (sub-subtype intersections and sub-branch intersections) and different stopping times (0 stops, 1 stop, 2 stops). It was found that the distribution of VSP was similar to that of normal distribution at 0 stop, the distribution rate of Bin0 was high, and the distribution rate of Bin16 was decreased gradually on both sides. The distribution rate of Bin16 was similar to that of VSP with 0. 1 and 2 stops, and the distribution rate of Bin16 was much higher than that of other Bin. And with the delay increased, but the growth rate gradually decreased. The VSP distribution of the two types of intersections is similar to the graph of delay, and the distribution rate of Bin16 is large, but the VSP distribution of sub-branch intersections is more concentrated in Bin0 than that of sub-branch intersections. Then, the emission factors corresponding to each set of data are calculated, and the basic emission factors of different intersection types are determined. Finally, the correction coefficients corresponding to each delay under different intersection types and different stopping times are calculated. It is found that there is a linear relationship between delay correction coefficient and delay, and a delay correction model of diesel bus emissions with two cross types and different stopping times is established. Finally, using SPSS software and driving condition data, the proposed emission delay correction model is tested for significance and validity, respectively. The results show that the modified model based on delay can effectively estimate the emissions of diesel buses at intersections.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491;X734.2
[Abstract]:Buses have the advantages of large capacity, high efficiency and less per capita emissions. Therefore, the development of bus system can not only alleviate urban traffic congestion, but also reduce pollution emissions and energy consumption. As we all know, vehicle emissions at intersections are higher and more densely populated than road sections. Although there are some researches on bus emission at intersections, few scholars have studied the mathematical model of the relationship between the commonly used evaluation indexes of traffic operation and the emission of buses at intersections. Therefore, this paper studies the relationship between common operation evaluation indexes and emission of buses at intersections. In this paper, based on a large number of measured emission data and driving condition data of diesel buses in Beijing, the relationship between delay and emission is analyzed, and a delay correction model of diesel bus emissions at intersections based on VSP distribution is established. First of all, the VSP Bin partition method is proposed, in which the, VSP Bin is Bin16. when the velocity and acceleration are zero, and the VSP Bin, is partitioned with lkw/t as the step size. Based on a large number of emission data measured by PEMS, the emission rates of different VSPBin of diesel buses are calculated, and a diesel bus emission prediction model based on VSP parameters is established. Then, according to the direction and type of the diesel bus at the intersection, the size of the intersection research area is determined. Finally, 2002 groups of diesel bus driving condition data are screened out based on the driving condition data collected by GPS. The data delay and VSP distribution of each group were calculated, and the VSP distribution of each delay was analyzed under different intersections (sub-subtype intersections and sub-branch intersections) and different stopping times (0 stops, 1 stop, 2 stops). It was found that the distribution of VSP was similar to that of normal distribution at 0 stop, the distribution rate of Bin0 was high, and the distribution rate of Bin16 was decreased gradually on both sides. The distribution rate of Bin16 was similar to that of VSP with 0. 1 and 2 stops, and the distribution rate of Bin16 was much higher than that of other Bin. And with the delay increased, but the growth rate gradually decreased. The VSP distribution of the two types of intersections is similar to the graph of delay, and the distribution rate of Bin16 is large, but the VSP distribution of sub-branch intersections is more concentrated in Bin0 than that of sub-branch intersections. Then, the emission factors corresponding to each set of data are calculated, and the basic emission factors of different intersection types are determined. Finally, the correction coefficients corresponding to each delay under different intersection types and different stopping times are calculated. It is found that there is a linear relationship between delay correction coefficient and delay, and a delay correction model of diesel bus emissions with two cross types and different stopping times is established. Finally, using SPSS software and driving condition data, the proposed emission delay correction model is tested for significance and validity, respectively. The results show that the modified model based on delay can effectively estimate the emissions of diesel buses at intersections.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491;X734.2
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 李旭海;;北京市實際道路公交車顆粒物排放研究[J];北京汽車;2008年01期
2 林h，
本文編號：2351859
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