瀝青路面建設(shè)過程溫室氣體排放評價體系研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-22 12:42
【摘要】：中國是溫室氣體排放大國，，減緩溫室氣體排放是我國能源戰(zhàn)略調(diào)整的重要方向。交通運輸行業(yè)排放的污染物和溫室氣體占到我國全社會排放總量的8%，是能耗大戶，也是節(jié)能減排的重點領(lǐng)域。公路建設(shè)的快速發(fā)展，其依賴性很強的土石、石灰、水泥、瀝青、化學(xué)添加劑等建材資源消耗巨大，路面施工過程中混合料拌和、運輸、攤鋪與碾壓時的能耗與排放不容忽略。目前針對路面工程建設(shè)中的溫室氣體排放尚沒有明確的量化結(jié)論，關(guān)于路面工程建設(shè)全階段溫室氣體排放量的定量測定計算和評價分析，把握路面工程建設(shè)各階段溫室氣體的排放特征與排量情況，還缺少相應(yīng)的評價體系與測定方法，且不同路面材料和施工工藝產(chǎn)生的排放差異較大，相應(yīng)的對比分析缺乏。因此，有必要系統(tǒng)研究路面工程建設(shè)中溫室氣體排放評價體系與方法。 本文通過資料收集與現(xiàn)場調(diào)研，收集瀝青路面建設(shè)流程、原材料、生產(chǎn)工藝以及相應(yīng)生產(chǎn)機械設(shè)備參數(shù)，歸納總結(jié)瀝青路面建設(shè)過程中溫室氣體排放源及排放氣體種類，明確瀝青路面面層和基層各建設(shè)階段溫室氣體排放量的主要影響因素，進而確定溫室氣體排放定量評價指標(biāo)分為一級指標(biāo)和二級指標(biāo)。一級指標(biāo)為普遍性、概括性的指標(biāo)，選取各建設(shè)階段的當(dāng)量二氧化碳為一級指標(biāo)代表值；二級指標(biāo)為反映瀝青路面建設(shè)各階段排放的具有代表性的、易于評價考核的指標(biāo)，主要是指各階段生產(chǎn)過程中各種機械設(shè)備能耗排放量和材料自身排放量。 明確了路面工程溫室氣體排放評價指標(biāo)的測算方法，測算方法包括能耗法、資料調(diào)研法、物料衡算法和現(xiàn)場實測法。不同評價指標(biāo)類型選用不同的測算方法。指標(biāo)類型是指標(biāo)的廣泛性和特定性。廣泛性指標(biāo)是指應(yīng)用范圍廣、不局限用于道路行業(yè)的排放指標(biāo)，可通過現(xiàn)有資料調(diào)研結(jié)果定量化，特定性指標(biāo)具有專用性，一般通過計算或?qū)崪y定量化。 提出了瀝青面層和半剛性基層建設(shè)過程溫室氣體排放總量模型，基于評價指標(biāo)、測算方法和模型構(gòu)建了瀝青路面建設(shè)過程溫室氣體排放評價體系。評價體系邊界涵蓋路面工程建設(shè)中瀝青混凝土面層、半剛性基層溫室氣體直接排放和能源間接排放涉及的所有生產(chǎn)階段和施工環(huán)節(jié)。評價體系框架包含目標(biāo)層、準(zhǔn)則層、一級指標(biāo)層、二級指標(biāo)層和變量層，變量層即每一指標(biāo)對應(yīng)的評價影響因素。提出了瀝青路面工程溫室氣體排放總量評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的確定方法，根據(jù)不同等級道路路面材料用量的差異性確定了溫室氣體排放公路等級系數(shù)。 基于代表路段得到了當(dāng)前建設(shè)水平下水泥穩(wěn)定半剛性基層瀝青路面建設(shè)階段溫室氣體排放數(shù)據(jù)。瀝青混合料拌和階段溫室氣體排放量最大，接近瀝青面層建設(shè)過程排放總量的60%，水泥穩(wěn)定碎石基層原材料生產(chǎn)階段能耗最大，約占總排放量的98%，其中水泥排放占主要部分。瀝青面層溫室氣體排放量僅約占水泥穩(wěn)定碎石基層排放量的30%。 明確了節(jié)能減排重點所在，提出了節(jié)能減排措施。瀝青面層節(jié)能減排重點在拌和階段，應(yīng)以拌和階段能耗控制為主，可選用節(jié)能高效的機械設(shè)備，優(yōu)化施工組織設(shè)計，或者采用能耗排放較熱拌法低的溫拌、冷拌方法拌和瀝青混合料�；鶎�/底基層節(jié)能減排措施重點在原材料生產(chǎn)階段，應(yīng)以原材料控制為主，可選用采用高效節(jié)能方法生產(chǎn)的水泥產(chǎn)品，或者采用水泥用量少的其他基層形式。 分別進行了不同拌合溫度下瀝青混合料面層及是否使用水泥的基層建設(shè)全過程節(jié)能減排效果對比分析，結(jié)果顯示單位公里溫拌瀝青混合料面層比單位公里熱拌瀝青混合料面層節(jié)約能源8.14%，溫室氣體排放量下降8.26%；單位公里冷拌瀝青混合料面層比單位公里熱拌瀝青混合料面層節(jié)約能源36.42%，溫室氣體排放量下降36.36%；單位公里級配碎石基層比單位公里水泥穩(wěn)定碎石基層節(jié)約能源67.87%，溫室氣體排放量下降89.30%。 本文研究成果彌補了我國瀝青路面建設(shè)過程溫室氣體排放評價方法的空白，可為從節(jié)能減排角度出發(fā)進行不同路面材料和施工工藝的選擇提供依據(jù)，具有良好的理論意義和推廣前景。
[Abstract]:China is a major source of greenhouse gas emission, and the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions is an important direction of China's energy strategy adjustment. The pollutant and greenhouse gas discharged from the transportation industry account for 8% of the total social emission of our country, which is a big energy consumption, and is the key area of energy conservation and emission reduction. The rapid development of the highway construction has a strong dependence on the material resources such as earth-rock, lime, cement, asphalt, chemical additives and the like, and the energy consumption and the emission during the mixing, transportation, spreading and rolling of the mixture during the construction of the road surface are not negligible. At present, there is no definite quantitative conclusion on the greenhouse gas emission in the road surface engineering construction, and the quantitative measurement calculation and the evaluation analysis of the greenhouse gas emission amount in the whole stage of the road surface construction are analyzed, and the emission characteristics and the displacement conditions of the greenhouse gases in various stages of the road surface engineering construction are grasped, There is also a lack of corresponding evaluation system and measuring method, and the difference of emission from different pavement materials and construction technology is relatively large, and the corresponding comparative analysis is lacking. Therefore, it is necessary to study the evaluation system and method of greenhouse gas emission in the pavement construction. Based on the data collection and on-site investigation, the paper summarizes the construction process of asphalt pavement, the raw materials, the production process and the corresponding parameters of the mechanical equipment, and sums up the greenhouse gas emission source and the discharge gas in the course of the asphalt pavement construction. The main influencing factors of the greenhouse gas discharge in the construction stage of the asphalt pavement surface layer and the base layer are defined, and the quantitative evaluation index of the greenhouse gas emission is determined to be divided into the first-class index and the second-level index. The first-level indicator is a universal and general index, and the equivalent carbon dioxide in each construction stage is selected as the first-level indicator representative value; the second-level indicator is representative and easy to be evaluated and evaluated for reflecting the emission of each stage of the asphalt pavement construction Index, mainly refers to the energy consumption and material self-discharge of various mechanical equipment in the production process of each stage The calculation method of the evaluation index of the greenhouse gas emission of the pavement works is defined. The calculation method includes the energy consumption method, the data investigation method, the material balance algorithm and the material balance algorithm. On-site measurement method. Different evaluation index types are selected to be different The index type is a broad measure of the index. The general index refers to the wide application range, and is not limited to the emission index of the road industry, can be quantified by the existing data research results, and the specific indexes are specific, and are generally calculated or The quantity model of greenhouse gas emission in the course of asphalt surface layer and semi-rigid basic-level construction is put forward, and the greenhouse gas emission total quantity model is constructed based on the evaluation index, the calculation method and the model. Gas emission evaluation system. The evaluation system boundary covers all raw materials related to the asphalt concrete surface layer, semi-rigid base layer greenhouse gas direct discharge and energy indirect emission in the road surface engineering construction the evaluation system framework comprises a target layer, a criterion layer, a primary index layer, a secondary index layer and a variable layer, The influencing factors of the evaluation of the total amount of greenhouse gas emission in the asphalt pavement project are put forward, and the greenhouse gas is determined according to the difference of the different levels of road surface materials. The road grade coefficient is discharged. Based on the representative road section, the construction of the cement-stabilized semi-rigid base-base asphalt pavement under the current construction level is obtained The emission data of the greenhouse gas is set up. The maximum greenhouse gas discharge during the mixing stage of the asphalt mixture is 60% of the total discharge amount of the construction process of the asphalt surface course, and the energy consumption of the raw material production stage of the cement-stabilized macadam base material is the largest, accounting for about 98% of the total discharge amount. in which the cement discharge is the main part, and the greenhouse gas discharge of the asphalt surface layer accounts for only about the stability of the cement. 30% of the base-layer discharge of the crushed stone. Energy-saving and emission-reduction are defined. The emphasis is on the energy-saving and emission-reduction measures. The energy-saving and emission-reduction of the asphalt surface layer is mainly in the mixing stage, and the energy-saving and high-efficiency mechanical equipment can be selected according to the energy consumption control of the mixing stage, so that the design of the construction organization can be optimized, or the energy consumption discharge is lower than that of the hot-mixing method. Asphalt mixture is mixed by warm-mixing and cold-mixing method. The energy-saving and emission-reducing measures of the base/ bottom base layer shall be mainly in the raw material production stage, and the main raw material control shall be adopted, and the cement product produced by adopting the high-efficiency energy-saving method can be selected or the cement product produced by the high-efficiency energy-saving method can be selected. The results of energy-saving and emission reduction in the whole process of asphalt mixture and whether to use cement at different mixing temperatures are compared and analyzed. The results show that the surface of the mixed asphalt mixture is more than the unit-kilometer heat. The energy saving of the mixed asphalt mixture surface layer is 8.14%, the emission of the greenhouse gas is reduced by 8. 26%, the energy saving of the heat-mixed asphalt mixture surface layer of the unit-kilometer cold-mixed asphalt mixture is 36-42%, the emission of the greenhouse gas is 36-36%, and the unit-kilometer grade of the asphalt-mixed asphalt mixture is more than the unit-kilometer water Mud-stabilized macadam base energy-saving 67. 87 The results of this paper make up the blank of the evaluation method of greenhouse gas emission in the construction of asphalt pavement in China, and can be selected from the viewpoint of energy saving and emission reduction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U416.217;X82
本文編號：2349404
[Abstract]:China is a major source of greenhouse gas emission, and the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions is an important direction of China's energy strategy adjustment. The pollutant and greenhouse gas discharged from the transportation industry account for 8% of the total social emission of our country, which is a big energy consumption, and is the key area of energy conservation and emission reduction. The rapid development of the highway construction has a strong dependence on the material resources such as earth-rock, lime, cement, asphalt, chemical additives and the like, and the energy consumption and the emission during the mixing, transportation, spreading and rolling of the mixture during the construction of the road surface are not negligible. At present, there is no definite quantitative conclusion on the greenhouse gas emission in the road surface engineering construction, and the quantitative measurement calculation and the evaluation analysis of the greenhouse gas emission amount in the whole stage of the road surface construction are analyzed, and the emission characteristics and the displacement conditions of the greenhouse gases in various stages of the road surface engineering construction are grasped, There is also a lack of corresponding evaluation system and measuring method, and the difference of emission from different pavement materials and construction technology is relatively large, and the corresponding comparative analysis is lacking. Therefore, it is necessary to study the evaluation system and method of greenhouse gas emission in the pavement construction. Based on the data collection and on-site investigation, the paper summarizes the construction process of asphalt pavement, the raw materials, the production process and the corresponding parameters of the mechanical equipment, and sums up the greenhouse gas emission source and the discharge gas in the course of the asphalt pavement construction. The main influencing factors of the greenhouse gas discharge in the construction stage of the asphalt pavement surface layer and the base layer are defined, and the quantitative evaluation index of the greenhouse gas emission is determined to be divided into the first-class index and the second-level index. The first-level indicator is a universal and general index, and the equivalent carbon dioxide in each construction stage is selected as the first-level indicator representative value; the second-level indicator is representative and easy to be evaluated and evaluated for reflecting the emission of each stage of the asphalt pavement construction Index, mainly refers to the energy consumption and material self-discharge of various mechanical equipment in the production process of each stage The calculation method of the evaluation index of the greenhouse gas emission of the pavement works is defined. The calculation method includes the energy consumption method, the data investigation method, the material balance algorithm and the material balance algorithm. On-site measurement method. Different evaluation index types are selected to be different The index type is a broad measure of the index. The general index refers to the wide application range, and is not limited to the emission index of the road industry, can be quantified by the existing data research results, and the specific indexes are specific, and are generally calculated or The quantity model of greenhouse gas emission in the course of asphalt surface layer and semi-rigid basic-level construction is put forward, and the greenhouse gas emission total quantity model is constructed based on the evaluation index, the calculation method and the model. Gas emission evaluation system. The evaluation system boundary covers all raw materials related to the asphalt concrete surface layer, semi-rigid base layer greenhouse gas direct discharge and energy indirect emission in the road surface engineering construction the evaluation system framework comprises a target layer, a criterion layer, a primary index layer, a secondary index layer and a variable layer, The influencing factors of the evaluation of the total amount of greenhouse gas emission in the asphalt pavement project are put forward, and the greenhouse gas is determined according to the difference of the different levels of road surface materials. The road grade coefficient is discharged. Based on the representative road section, the construction of the cement-stabilized semi-rigid base-base asphalt pavement under the current construction level is obtained The emission data of the greenhouse gas is set up. The maximum greenhouse gas discharge during the mixing stage of the asphalt mixture is 60% of the total discharge amount of the construction process of the asphalt surface course, and the energy consumption of the raw material production stage of the cement-stabilized macadam base material is the largest, accounting for about 98% of the total discharge amount. in which the cement discharge is the main part, and the greenhouse gas discharge of the asphalt surface layer accounts for only about the stability of the cement. 30% of the base-layer discharge of the crushed stone. Energy-saving and emission-reduction are defined. The emphasis is on the energy-saving and emission-reduction measures. The energy-saving and emission-reduction of the asphalt surface layer is mainly in the mixing stage, and the energy-saving and high-efficiency mechanical equipment can be selected according to the energy consumption control of the mixing stage, so that the design of the construction organization can be optimized, or the energy consumption discharge is lower than that of the hot-mixing method. Asphalt mixture is mixed by warm-mixing and cold-mixing method. The energy-saving and emission-reducing measures of the base/ bottom base layer shall be mainly in the raw material production stage, and the main raw material control shall be adopted, and the cement product produced by adopting the high-efficiency energy-saving method can be selected or the cement product produced by the high-efficiency energy-saving method can be selected. The results of energy-saving and emission reduction in the whole process of asphalt mixture and whether to use cement at different mixing temperatures are compared and analyzed. The results show that the surface of the mixed asphalt mixture is more than the unit-kilometer heat. The energy saving of the mixed asphalt mixture surface layer is 8.14%, the emission of the greenhouse gas is reduced by 8. 26%, the energy saving of the heat-mixed asphalt mixture surface layer of the unit-kilometer cold-mixed asphalt mixture is 36-42%, the emission of the greenhouse gas is 36-36%, and the unit-kilometer grade of the asphalt-mixed asphalt mixture is more than the unit-kilometer water Mud-stabilized macadam base energy-saving 67. 87 The results of this paper make up the blank of the evaluation method of greenhouse gas emission in the construction of asphalt pavement in China, and can be selected from the viewpoint of energy saving and emission reduction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U416.217;X82
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 惠彥濤;;建筑部品綠色度分析評價技術(shù)研究[J];西安建筑科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2007年04期
2 許菲菲;劉黎萍;唐海威;周和慶;;溫拌瀝青混合料與熱拌瀝青混合料性能對比[J];公路工程;2009年03期
本文編號：2349404
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