從《詩經(jīng)》與《荷馬史詩》看中西方死亡觀之異同
[Abstract]:The view of death is the basic view of nature, process, value and meaning of death. In short, the view of death can be understood as the cognition of death and attitude towards death; different views of death can lead to differences in behavior. The inevitability of death has prompted mankind to begin to think about death at least from the middle Paleolithic period, while the western and Chinese views of death can be seen in the early works Homer Epic and the Book of songs. The death view of the two works has exerted a profound influence on the Chinese and western cultures of later generations. Homer Epic shows the ancient Greek civilization from the 11th to the ninth century BC and is the earliest literary work in the West. The Book of songs is the starting point of Chinese literature and reflects the Zhou Gong Dynasty culture from the 11th to the sixth century BC. Both of them are about the same in time, and both involve all aspects of social life thought at that time, among which there are some contents related to death. In terms of time and content, the two works have strong comparability. Many scholars have studied the two works in ancient and modern times, but no one has made a comparative analysis of them from the point of view of death. Therefore, by comparing the contents of Homer Epic and the Book of songs involving death, this study shows the views of death in China and the West contained in the two works. Finally, it explores the internal causes of the difference between the two views of death and their influence on the view of death in later generations. The differences between Chinese and Western traditional cultures have given birth to different views of death. The second chapter analyzes the similarities and differences between Homer's Epic and the Book of songs, in which there are both positive and negative views on death. The third chapter and the fourth chapter analyze the factors that influence the death view of China and the west and the influence of death view on later generations, especially from the angle of group standard and individual standard. The concept of group-oriented is one of the characteristics of Chinese traditional culture. It regards the individual as a member of the whole social relationship, and the individual value can be realized only through the group identification. Therefore, the group-based view of death pays attention to the social and ethical significance. The western culture emphasizes the individual standard, it regards the individual as the independent individual in the social relations, the group mountain individual composition, the individual value obtains through own struggle, therefore the western view of death manifests individuality, emphasizes the individual will. In addition, cultural differences also determine that even under similar death performance, its death connotation is different. For example, although Homer Epic and the Book of songs both have a view of death proud of battlefield in the war, Chinese culture emphasizes "great righteousness", while Western culture seeks personal honor. The author hopes that this paper can expand the thinking for the study of two literary works and inspire people to face death positively and be kind to life.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2013
【分類號】:I106.2-03
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