【摘要】：漢語(yǔ)記錄了中華民族悠久的歷史文化，詞匯作為語(yǔ)言的最活躍的要素，在時(shí)代變遷和社會(huì)發(fā)展的過(guò)程中，得到了極大地豐富，特別是作為詞匯中人們的日常生活用詞變化更是很大，進(jìn)行日常生活用詞的變異研究具有語(yǔ)言學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)的雙重意義。本文首先運(yùn)用田野調(diào)查與描寫(xiě)的方法深入調(diào)查記錄了平定城區(qū)方言的常用詞，同時(shí)擇取了29個(gè)義類(lèi)的899個(gè)日常生活常用詞，通過(guò)與普通話(huà)的比較發(fā)現(xiàn)，它們既有向普通話(huà)靠攏一致的趨勢(shì)也有保持原來(lái)的說(shuō)法，本文運(yùn)用統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析的方法，從社會(huì)學(xué)語(yǔ)言學(xué)的角度首次對(duì)平定城區(qū)方言常用詞進(jìn)行了總體性的綜合變異研究，考察其在人群中的分布，分析社會(huì)因素對(duì)陽(yáng)泉平定城區(qū)方言常用詞變異的影響和作用，并進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言變異趨勢(shì)預(yù)測(cè)。 全文分為四部分：第一部分是引言，在這一部分簡(jiǎn)單介紹了平定的地理位置概況，平定的詞匯研究概況和本文的研究方案，調(diào)查方案包括：調(diào)查語(yǔ)料，調(diào)查方法，調(diào)查目的，調(diào)查范圍，調(diào)查對(duì)象的篩選情況，最后整理調(diào)查結(jié)果并提出觀點(diǎn)，并簡(jiǎn)單介紹是如何展開(kāi)研究的。第二部分主要介紹了平定方言音系及平定城區(qū)方言常用詞中變異詞的收集情況，變異詞篩選，并對(duì)其整理結(jié)果和進(jìn)行國(guó)際音標(biāo)注音。第三部分主要從社會(huì)因素方面，，語(yǔ)言能力方面，語(yǔ)言態(tài)度方面和媒介因素方面來(lái)分析影響平定方言城區(qū)常用詞變異的不同情況。社會(huì)因素方面主要是從人最基本的社會(huì)特征，即性別，年齡，受教育程度和職業(yè)四個(gè)方面來(lái)討論對(duì)其平定城區(qū)方言常用詞變異的不同影響。第四部分主要是得出結(jié)論。主要用描寫(xiě)的方法來(lái)總結(jié)平定城區(qū)方言常用詞變異研究的主要結(jié)論和平定城區(qū)方言常用詞變異研究的對(duì)我們的思考和啟示。 本文的寫(xiě)作不僅有助于晉語(yǔ)詞匯的全面深入研究，幫助平定人更好地學(xué)好普通話(huà)，為山西省的推廣普通話(huà)作出點(diǎn)貢獻(xiàn)，同時(shí)另一個(gè)方面也為當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕l(fā)展提供一些可供參考的方言材料。
[Abstract]:Chinese has recorded the long history and culture of the Chinese nation, and vocabulary, as the most active element of language, has been greatly enriched in the course of the change of times and the development of society. Especially, as a word, the change of words in people's daily life is even greater. It is of both linguistic and sociological significance to study the variation of words in daily life. In this paper, the common words of Pingdingcheng dialect are recorded by field investigation and descriptive method. At the same time, 899 common words of 29 meanings are selected, which are found by comparison with Putonghua. They not only tend to be consistent with Putonghua, but also maintain their original statements. This paper, by means of statistics and analysis, makes a comprehensive and comprehensive study of the common words used in Pingdingcheng dialect from the angle of sociological linguistics for the first time. This paper investigates its distribution in the population, analyzes the influence and function of social factors on the variation of common words in Pingding district, Yangquan, and forecasts the trend of language variation. The thesis is divided into four parts: the first part is the introduction. In this part, the general situation of Pingding's geographical location, the general situation of Pingding's lexical research and the research scheme of this paper are briefly introduced. The investigation scheme includes: investigation corpus, investigation method, investigation purpose, and so on. The scope of the investigation, the selection of the subjects, the final collation of the survey results and put forward a point of view, and a brief introduction of how to carry out the study. The second part mainly introduces the collection of variant words in Pingding dialect and Pingdingcheng dialect common words, the selection of variant words, and the arrangement of the results and the international phonetic phonetics. The third part mainly from the social factor aspect, the language ability aspect, the language attitude aspect and the medium factor aspect analyzes the influence Pingding dialect city area common term variation different situation. In terms of social factors, this paper discusses the different influences on the variation of common words in Pingdingcheng dialect from the following four aspects: sex, age, education and occupation. The fourth part is to draw conclusions. This paper summarizes the main conclusions of the study on the variation of common words in Pingding city dialect by descriptive method and the reflection and inspiration of the study on the variation of common words in Pingding district. The writing of this paper is not only helpful for the comprehensive and in-depth study of Jin dialect vocabulary, but also helps people to learn Mandarin better and make some contributions to the promotion of Mandarin in Shanxi Province. At the same time, another aspect of the local cultural development to provide some reference for the dialect materials.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H17

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