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  本文選題：介詞　切入點：標(biāo)記　出處：《遼寧師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：羨余現(xiàn)象是近幾十年來語言學(xué)家研究的重要內(nèi)容。羨余現(xiàn)象是語言動態(tài)發(fā)展過程中出現(xiàn)的合理現(xiàn)象，是語言的本質(zhì)特征之一。它的產(chǎn)生是有一定理據(jù)的。目前，語言學(xué)界把對羨余現(xiàn)象的研究重點放在現(xiàn)象的分類、特征、產(chǎn)生原因、作用及詞匯語義層面的羨余現(xiàn)象分析上，對現(xiàn)代漢語虛詞作羨余成分的研究較少。論文主要從介詞的語義和話題標(biāo)記功能入手，對介詞作句子標(biāo)記時的羨余現(xiàn)象的構(gòu)成機(jī)制和情景語義關(guān)系模式作大致的梳理。 學(xué)者對句法語義層面的羨余現(xiàn)象研究主要集中在虛詞的否定標(biāo)記功能羨余問題和題元標(biāo)記功能問題上，而論文主要選取在介詞標(biāo)記句式中，介詞的語義標(biāo)記功能的羨余問題。 第一章宏觀考察現(xiàn)代漢語羨余現(xiàn)象問題。早期的語言學(xué)家對羨余現(xiàn)象的研究偏重于研究它的性質(zhì)、分類及成因，，而近期的學(xué)者更多的是研究羨余現(xiàn)象的結(jié)構(gòu)、語義、語用特征和功能等，研究不斷深入發(fā)展。 第二章闡述與研究相關(guān)的理論前提和研究方法。根據(jù)語義語法學(xué)的觀點，漢語虛詞是能夠顯示特定的范疇義和關(guān)系義的一種語義標(biāo)記。因而論文選擇用標(biāo)記理論來討論介詞語義標(biāo)記功能的羨余問題。標(biāo)記概念是20世紀(jì)30年代由布拉格學(xué)派音位學(xué)家特魯別茨柯依創(chuàng)立，后經(jīng)過雅各布遜、喬姆斯基和萊昂斯等語言學(xué)家的理論發(fā)展，至今成為一個比較完整的理論體系，適用于語言中的各個層面的分析。本章首先對標(biāo)記理論的產(chǎn)生背景、主要思想、以及在語義學(xué)、語用學(xué)等現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)中的應(yīng)用作一個簡單的梳理。其次對標(biāo)記理論對漢語本體研究和對外漢語教學(xué)中的理論指導(dǎo)作用進(jìn)行了概括。 第三章考察介詞標(biāo)記句式介詞成為羨余成分的夠句機(jī)制。論文主要從介詞作為題元標(biāo)記和話題標(biāo)記功能羨余方面，分析了介詞“被”、“把”、“在”、“自”、“打”、“像”、“連”、“以”等介詞語義功能羨余時謂語動詞和句法成分的語義特征。 第四章考察句式的情景語義關(guān)系模式。在此章的第一部分簡單介紹了情景理論。第二部分則主要以“被”、“給”、“在”、“以”、“連”為例分析句子的句法-語義映射模式，如“給”的句法-語義映射模式可以分為“被動式”、“處置式”等。第五章簡要總結(jié)了介詞做羨余成分時的修辭作用。從語法上說，介詞羨余成分可以明確語法結(jié)構(gòu)和協(xié)調(diào)語法結(jié)構(gòu)；從語義上說，介詞羨余成分可以加強(qiáng)另一個語素語義，凸顯隱性語義；從語用上來說，介詞羨余有豐富感情色彩，加強(qiáng)語氣的修辭功用。
[Abstract]:Envy surplus phenomenon is an important part of linguists' research in recent decades. It is a reasonable phenomenon in the process of language dynamic development and one of the essential features of language. The linguists focus on the classification, characteristics, causes, functions and lexical semantic analysis of the phenomenon. There is little research on the envious component of function words in modern Chinese. This paper mainly starts with the semantic and topic marking functions of prepositions, and makes a general combing of the composing mechanism and the situational semantic relationship model of envious phenomena when prepositions are marked by sentences. Scholars' researches on envious phenomena in syntactic and semantic level mainly focus on the problem of envious function of negative markers and the function of meta-tagging of function words, while the thesis mainly focuses on the envious problems of semantic marker functions of prepositions in the sentence structure of prepositional markers. The first chapter studies the phenomenon of envy in modern Chinese macroscopically. The early linguists paid more attention to the nature, classification and causes of the phenomenon, while more recent scholars have studied the structure and semantics of the phenomenon. Pragmatic features and functions, and so on, continue to develop in depth. The second chapter describes the theoretical premise and research methods related to the research. Chinese function word is a kind of semantic marker which can display the specific category meaning and relational meaning. Therefore, the thesis chooses to discuss the envious problem of the function of preposition semantic marker with the theory of markers. The concept of marker was introduced from Prague in the 1930s. The school phonologist Trubetzkowi founded, After the development of the theories of Jakobson, Chomsky and Lyons, it has become a relatively complete theoretical system, which can be applied to the analysis of all levels of language. The main ideas and applications in modern linguistics, such as semantics and pragmatics, are briefly combed. Secondly, the guiding role of Markedness Theory in the study of Chinese ontology and the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language is summarized. The third chapter examines the mechanism by which prepositional marker prepositions become envious components. The semantic features of predicate verbs and syntactic components in prepositions such as "be", "Ba", "Zai", "Zai", "Da", "Xiang", "Lian" and "Yi" are analyzed. The first part of this chapter briefly introduces the situation theory. The second part mainly uses "be", "give", "in", "take", "connect" as an example to analyze the syntax-semantic mapping pattern of sentences. For example, the syntactic and semantic mapping patterns of "giving" can be divided into "passive" and "disposition". Chapter five briefly summarizes the rhetorical function of prepositions as envious elements. The envious component of preposition can clarify the grammatical structure and coordinate the grammatical structure; semantically, it can strengthen another morpheme semantics and highlight the recessive semantics; pragmatically, the prepositional envious remainder has rich emotional color. The rhetorical function of a strong tone
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146

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