發(fā)布時間：2018-01-16 14:39

  本文關鍵詞：語言元功能視角下《醉翁亭記》十譯本比較研究　出處：《湖南工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 《醉翁亭記》 概念功能 人際功能 語篇功能 語境 比較研究

【摘要】：作為中國文化“走出去”戰(zhàn)略之一,典籍英譯備受重視。中國典籍常有多版英譯,每個譯本各有千秋并各具鑒賞價值。以往研究大多集中在比較多個譯本的差異,探討翻譯的多樣性,對原文多譯本的共通性進行系統(tǒng)描述的并不多。同一原文的不同譯本具有哪些共性特征?這些共性特征是什么?不同點又表現(xiàn)在哪里?都是由哪些因素決定的?這種差異中的共通性,及共通中的差異又該如何解釋?《醉翁亭記》作為中國古典散文名篇,為歷代傳誦并有不少譯本,其中以霍理斯和楊憲益、戴乃迭夫婦的譯文最為出名,且不乏其他優(yōu)秀譯作。本研究以《醉翁亭記》及十個譯本為個案研究對象,運用描寫法與比較歸納法,定量統(tǒng)計與定性分析相結合,從系統(tǒng)功能語言學關于語言三大元功能的視角,對不同譯本的異同進行分析。主要從體現(xiàn)語義的詞匯語法層來考察不同譯本對原文語義的再現(xiàn)狀況,揭示譯本與原文、譯本與譯本之間在實現(xiàn)三大元功能時哪些方面保持一致,哪些方面會有不同。從概念功能所包含的經(jīng)驗功能中的及物性、邏輯功能中的相互依賴和邏輯語義關系;人際功能中的語氣、人稱系統(tǒng);以及語篇功能中的主位、信息結構、銜接手段,由詞匯語法層到語義層自下而上地對多譯本及原文進行描述分類,分析歸納出多譯本之間、以及譯本與原文之間的共性及差異,并探討原因,從語境層到語義層再到詞匯語法層自上而下地進行解釋。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):其一,譯本之間、譯本與原文之間在概念意義上基本相似。在概念功能所包含的經(jīng)驗功能中,譯本之間、譯本與原文之間基本選用相似的及物性系統(tǒng)。譯文更易于與原文選用一致的過程類型,但因英漢語言不同,有些譯文會將原文過程轉化為環(huán)境成分,但總體分布情況所表達的意義潛勢大致相似。在概念功能所包含的邏輯功能中,譯本與譯本、譯本與原文對事件的邏輯語義關系的表達大致相同,但在相互依賴關系上,原文并列小句會在譯文中轉化為更緊湊聯(lián)系的主從關系句,也進一步說明英語重形合、漢語重意合的語言特征。其二,譯本之間、譯本與原文之間在人際意義上大體保持一致。在人際功能中,譯本之間、譯本與原文之間基本保持一致的語氣和人稱系統(tǒng)。以貫穿全文的陳述句來提供信息,用第三人稱視角描述景物,但因敘述視角差異,有譯者選用不同的語氣和人稱系統(tǒng),這也進一步體現(xiàn)出描述類散文在語篇中構建人際意義的方式比較一致。其三,在語篇功能的表現(xiàn)上,譯本與原文之間、譯本與譯本之間都存在差異性,但譯本與原文之間的差異大于譯本與譯本之間的差異。譯本與原文之間的差異主要是因為兩種語言系統(tǒng)之間的差異,而語言系統(tǒng)間的差異主要是由兩種語言文化視角不一決定的;譯本與譯本之間的差異主要是因為譯者的視角不同引起的。從十個譯本總體分析看,譯本與譯本之間、譯本與原文之間在主位及新信息分布上大體相近,但譯者因視角不同而選擇的信息出發(fā)點會有所差異。譯本與原文之間因英漢語言系統(tǒng)不同,語篇功能表現(xiàn)會異大于同,譯文會增加原文中未出現(xiàn)的銜接手段,如通過照應和連接等來組織出流暢、完整、更加以符合譯語讀者語言習慣的譯文;而譯本與譯本之間因語言系統(tǒng)相同,語篇功能表現(xiàn)會同大于異。接著,筆者對譯本與原文之間、譯本與譯本之間這種異同表現(xiàn)的內(nèi)在原因進行了嘗試性闡釋。在共通性上,言外情景語境中語場、語旨的一般主客觀因素,影響著譯本與原文、譯本與譯本在概念意義、人際意義上差異不大的再體現(xiàn)情況;譯者選用與原文言內(nèi)語境中相一致的文本形式,使差異較大的語篇意義也具有一定的相似性。在差異性上,言外語境中譯者的心理時空體驗及視角的不同,影響著其對譯本與原文、譯本與譯本在概念意義、人際意義上的把握,并將這種不同表現(xiàn)在語篇意義上;言內(nèi)語境中的英漢語言表達方式的不同決定著原文與譯文語篇組織的差異。概況說來,在個案《醉翁亭記》原文及其十譯本中,言外語境將一般共性更多地表現(xiàn)于概念功能與人際功能中,但因譯者視角不同也存在個別差異;言內(nèi)語境將特殊差異更多地表現(xiàn)于語篇功能上,但在總體文本形式上也存在很大相似。當語場、語旨在翻譯中與原文一致與不一致時,可判斷譯文對錯;當語場、語旨與原文保持一致,僅語式發(fā)生多元變化時,則譯文無對錯,只有好壞之分。此結論雖只基于本個案研究,但對其他各種翻譯中的對錯、好壞的判斷也具有一定啟示意義。在實踐意義上,本研究啟示譯者應注重把握并照顧好言外語境中語場、語旨的一致性,同時關注和包容語式表達上的多元性,不斷豐富對兩種語言文化的言內(nèi)、言外語境的心理時空體驗,提高翻譯質(zhì)量把控的自覺性,尤其有利于提高對古典散文或類似文體英譯的實踐能力;在理論意義上,此個案研究以小見大,從言外情景語境中一般主客觀的相似性這種嶄新的模式,去描述、解讀這類古典散文翻譯多譯本之間的共通性,豐富了同一原文多譯本研究的視角,提高了系統(tǒng)功能語境觀的解釋力。
[Abstract]:As a China culture "going out" strategy of Chinese classics translation has received considerable attention. China books often have many English versions of each version, each one has its own merits and have their appreciation of the value of difference. The past studies focus on the comparison of multiple versions, to explore the diversity of translation, the system described the commonality of the original version is not much more different versions of the same text. What are the characteristics? What are these common characteristics? Different performance in? Is determined by what factors? The difference in common, and how to explain the difference and common in zuiwengting remember? < > as a Chinese classical prose masterpiece, is the history of people and there are many versions, which Khoury Jones and Yang Xianyi, Dai Naidie couples the most famous, and many other excellent translations. In this study, "ong Ting Ji" and the ten versions as the study object, using the description method Compared with the inductive method, quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, from the perspective of systemic functional linguistics on the three metafunctions of language, similarities and differences of different versions are analyzed. Mainly from the lexical and grammatical level reflect the semantics to examine the status of the reproduction of the original semantic translation reveals different versions, and the original text, translation and translation in between three what metafunctions consistent, which will have a different experience. The transitivity function contained in ideational function in the interdependent and logical semantic relation in logic function; interpersonal function, mood, person system; and the textual function of theme, information structure and cohesion, from vocabulary the grammatical level to the semantic level bottom-up of multiple versions and the original classification is described, analyzed and summed up between different versions, and the similarities and differences between the translation and the original text, and to explore the reasons, from The context layer to semantic layer to vocabulary grammar layer from top to bottom was explained. The study found: a translation between the translation and the original text, the concept of meaning is basically similar. Between the translation experience function contained in the concept of function, and between the translation and the original basic selection of transitivity system. The more easy to use similar consistent with the original type of process, but because of different languages, some of the original process will be transformed into environmental components, but the expression of meaning potential distribution are similar. The logical power contained in the concept of the functions, translation and translation, translation and the original expression of logical semantic relations of events roughly the same, but in the mutual dependence on the original, parallel clauses in translation will be transformed into a more compact connection of the master-slave relationship, it further illustrates that the English Hypotaxis and Chinese parataxis language. Sign. Second, between the translation and the original version, in the interpersonal meaning consistent between versions. In the interpersonal function, and between the translation and the original basic consistency of mood and person system. To provide information to the statement by the third person perspective to describe the scene, but because of differences in the narrative perspective. A translator's choice of different mood and person system, it also reflects the description of construction of interpersonal meaning in the discourse of such prose way. Third, the textual function of the performance, between the translation and the original text, there are differences between the translation and the translation, but the difference between the translation and the original text is larger than the difference between the translation and the translation. The differences between the translation and the original text is mainly because of the differences between the two language system, and differences between the language system is mainly composed of two kinds of language and culture from the perspective of a decision; and And the difference between versions is mainly because the translator's perspective caused by different. From the analysis of the ten versions of the overall, between translation and translation, translation and the original text in between the theme and the distribution of new information is similar, but the translator for different perspectives and the choice of the starting point of information will vary between English and Chinese. The English version for different language systems, the textual function will be more different than the same, the increase of cohesion does not appear in the text, such as through reference and conjunction to organize a smooth, more complete, to meet the target readers habits of language translation; translation and translation between the language for the same system, the textual function will behave more than different. Then, the author of the translation and the original, try to explain the similarities and differences between the performance of the internal causes of translation and translation. In common, language context field of discourse, the general tenor of the Lord The objective factors affect the translation and the original meaning, translation and translation in the concept of interpersonal meaning on embodiment has little difference with the original translator; selection of linguistic context in consistent text form, make the difference between the meaning of the text also has a certain similarity. On the difference, the translator in the context of foreign language the psychological space experience and perspective, affects the translation with the original meaning, translation and translation in the concept of interpersonal meaning on the grasp, and this difference in textual meaning; linguistic context in English and Chinese language expression ways of translation determines the differences of discourse organization situation. To say, in the case of "ong Ting Ji > original and its ten English versions, extra linguistic context will show more common on ideational function and interpersonal functions, but there are also individual differences in different perspective of translation; linguistic context specific differences More performance in the textual function, but in the overall text form are very similar. When the field of discourse, language translation and the original text is consistent and inconsistent, can judge for the wrong; when the field, tenor and the consistent multiple changes only when the language is. No right or wrong, only bad points. This conclusion is based on the case study, but on the other various translation right, judge also has certain enlightenment significance. In practice, this research translator should pay attention to grasp and take good care of words in the context of external field, tenor consistency at the same time, attention and inclusive language expression on diversity, and constantly enrich the two languages culture linguistic context, illocutionary psychological space experience, improve the quality of translation to consciously control, especially conducive to improving the practice of classical prose or similar stylistic translation ability in theory; On this case study to describe the similarity of the child is father of the man, from this new model, the general objective and subjective language context, interpretation of the classical prose translation similarities between multiple versions, the original version of the same rich multi perspective, improve the explanatory power of system function context view.

【學位授予單位】：湖南工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H315.9;I046

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