發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-19 13:26

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn) 開發(fā)模式 對(duì)比研究　出處：《廣州中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的:養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)是地產(chǎn)行業(yè)與養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的有機(jī)結(jié)合,是以老年住宅產(chǎn)品為基礎(chǔ)、以養(yǎng)老服務(wù)為核心、以盈利為目的的地產(chǎn)開發(fā)項(xiàng)目。在我國(guó),養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)的出現(xiàn)是彌補(bǔ)傳統(tǒng)養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)的在供求和功能上的缺口,既滿足老年人居住需求又滿足多元化的養(yǎng)老需求,對(duì)完善社會(huì)保障體系具有重大意義。但是與國(guó)外相比較,我國(guó)養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)的發(fā)展處于初級(jí)階段,其開發(fā)模式仍在積極探索中。本研究在基于國(guó)內(nèi)養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)宏觀環(huán)境,對(duì)比國(guó)內(nèi)外養(yǎng)老開發(fā)模式,總結(jié)出國(guó)內(nèi)外養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目開發(fā)模式成功的經(jīng)驗(yàn),提煉出適合我國(guó)國(guó)情的養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)開發(fā)模式。方法:本文首先采用宏觀環(huán)境PEST分析法從政策、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)文化和技術(shù)環(huán)境,分析國(guó)內(nèi)養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)發(fā)展背景和機(jī)會(huì),以及發(fā)展中面臨的問(wèn)題;通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)研究和案例分析,對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外養(yǎng)老開發(fā)模式以及典型養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目在融資、運(yùn)營(yíng)管理和盈利三方面進(jìn)行分析,提煉出可借鑒之處;本文選取國(guó)內(nèi)外4個(gè)養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)開發(fā)模式的代表性案例,結(jié)合對(duì)比分析法從融資、運(yùn)營(yíng)管理、盈利方面提煉出當(dāng)前或?qū)��?lái)適合國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)狀的養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)開發(fā)模式。結(jié)果:結(jié)合文獻(xiàn)研究法和PEST分析法得出政策上的扶持、老年消費(fèi)能力的增長(zhǎng)、養(yǎng)老觀念的轉(zhuǎn)變以及物聯(lián)網(wǎng)等技術(shù)的革新等環(huán)境因素為國(guó)內(nèi)養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)的興起帶來(lái)機(jī)遇,但由于我國(guó)"未富先老"的發(fā)展特點(diǎn)、政策扶持力度不夠、養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)欠缺規(guī)范等因素影響?zhàn)B老地產(chǎn)的快速發(fā)展。在文獻(xiàn)研究和案例研究的基礎(chǔ)中,得出我國(guó)養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)開發(fā)模式以居家式養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)和養(yǎng)老社區(qū)為主。與美國(guó)、日本同類型開發(fā)模式的養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目比較,國(guó)內(nèi)養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)融資渠道主要是自有資金和外來(lái)資金結(jié)合,開發(fā)商一般兼任運(yùn)營(yíng)商的角色,并主要通過(guò)銷售租賃住房產(chǎn)品獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)收益。結(jié)論:國(guó)內(nèi)養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)開發(fā)模式多樣,根據(jù)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)格局和養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)發(fā)展規(guī)律,可分為居家式和養(yǎng)老社區(qū)兩種主要的開發(fā)模式,我國(guó)養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)融資渠道比較窄,管理模式單一,運(yùn)營(yíng)模式注重產(chǎn)權(quán)銷售而忽視養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的長(zhǎng)期收益。結(jié)合我國(guó)發(fā)展情況,短期發(fā)展趨勢(shì)以居家式養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)較為合適,而養(yǎng)老社區(qū)的開發(fā)模式是未來(lái)發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)。最后,本研究從養(yǎng)老地產(chǎn)開發(fā)方式、融資方式、管理方式、盈利方式等方面提出可行性建議,并在醫(yī)療、介護(hù)、預(yù)防保健等養(yǎng)老服務(wù)方面結(jié)合中醫(yī)藥提出建議。
[Abstract]:Objective: endowment real estate is an organic combination of real estate industry and old-age service. It is a real estate development project in our country, which is based on the aged residential products, takes the old-age service as the core, and aims at profit. The appearance of old-age real estate is to make up for the gap in the supply and demand and function of the traditional pension institutions, which meets both the living needs of the elderly and the diversified pension needs. It is of great significance to perfect the social security system. However, compared with foreign countries, the development of China's pension real estate is in the primary stage. Based on the macro environment of the domestic pension real estate, this study compares the domestic and foreign pension development model, and summarizes the successful experience of the domestic and foreign pension real estate project development model. Methods: firstly, this paper adopts the macro-environment PEST analysis method from the policy, economic, social and cultural and technological environment. Analysis of the background and opportunities of the development of domestic pension real estate, as well as the problems faced in the development; Through the literature research and case analysis, this paper analyzes the development mode of the aged at home and abroad, as well as the typical pension real estate projects in the financing, operation management and profit analysis, to extract the points for reference; This paper selects four representative cases of endowment real estate development model at home and abroad, combined with comparative analysis from financing, operation and management. Profit extraction of the current or future endowment real estate development model suitable for the domestic situation. Results: combined with the literature research method and PEST analysis to obtain policy support, the growth of the elderly consumption capacity. The environmental factors such as the change of the concept of the aged and the innovation of technology such as the Internet of things bring opportunities for the rise of the endowment real estate in China. However, due to the characteristics of the development of "getting old before getting rich", the policy support is not enough. The lack of standardization of the pension real estate market and other factors affect the rapid development of old-age real estate. In the literature and case studies on the basis. It is concluded that the development mode of the endowment real estate in our country is based on the home-based pension real estate and the old-age community, and compared with the pension real estate projects of the same type of development mode in the United States and Japan. Domestic old-age real estate financing channels are mainly the combination of their own funds and foreign funds, developers generally also play the role of operators. And mainly through the sale of rental housing products to obtain economic benefits. Conclusion: domestic pension real estate development model is diverse, according to the pattern of pension services and endowment property development law. It can be divided into two main development modes: the home type and the old-age community. The financing channel of the endowment real estate in our country is narrow, and the management mode is single. The operation model pays attention to the property right sale but neglects the long-term income of the old-age service. Combined with the development situation of our country, the short-term development trend is more suitable to the home type endowment real estate. The development model of the old-age community is the trend of future development. Finally, this study from the endowment real estate development, financing, management, profitability and other aspects of the feasibility of suggestions, and in the medical care, introduction of care. Preventive health care and other aspects of pension services combined with Chinese medicine put forward suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D669.6;F299.23

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