發(fā)布時間：2018-11-11 20:27

【摘要】：未成年人的健康成長關系著社會穩(wěn)定與未來發(fā)展,在我國經(jīng)濟建設突飛猛進,社會建設相對滯后的現(xiàn)實背景下,未成年人社會保護不足引發(fā)的一系列社會問題值得關注,其中困境未成年人的教育與保護現(xiàn)狀應引起社會重視。筆者在生活和工作中經(jīng)常接觸到身處困境的未成年人,根據(jù)北京市民政局定義,困境未成年指存在如下4種情況的未成年人：第一,因監(jiān)護人服刑、遺棄、病重等因素導致實際監(jiān)護人缺位,無人監(jiān)護的未成年人；第二,因監(jiān)護人家庭暴力、疏于管理等因素得不到適當監(jiān)護的未成年人；第三,因家庭經(jīng)濟困難失去生活基本保障而輟學的未成年人；第四,因流浪、被拐賣、非法務工等因素陷入困境的未成年人。他們中許多人因身處困境,無法順利完成義務教育,輟學加入打工大軍甚至游蕩在社會。困境未成年人過早地進入社會對他們的健康成長有害無益。如果對這一問題放任自流,此類人群中為數(shù)不少的人將走向人生發(fā)展的歧途。有鑒于此,筆者嘗試利用社會工作專業(yè)方法對困境未成年人進行教育保護,在實踐過程中分別對因監(jiān)護人服刑導致未成年人輟學,因監(jiān)護人家庭暴力導致未成年人輟學的兩位案主進行個案工作介入,針對困境未成年所存在的心理狀況及需求狀況,采用認知療法的社會工作技術(shù),幫助案主處理由于深陷困境造成的不良情緒,恢復心理健康,積極應對困難,聯(lián)系相關社會資源協(xié)助案主建立自身社會支持網(wǎng)絡,并最終幫助2位困境未成年案主重新回歸學校,推動他們繼續(xù)完成學業(yè),實現(xiàn)了社會工作這對困境未成年的教育保護。
[Abstract]:The healthy growth of minors is related to social stability and future development. Under the background of rapid economic development and lagging social construction in China, a series of social problems caused by inadequate social protection for minors are worthy of attention. Among them, the present situation of education and protection of minors in distress should be paid attention to by society. In my life and work, I often come into contact with minors who are in distress. According to the definition of Beijing Civil Affairs Bureau, plight minors refer to minors in the following four situations: first, they are abandoned because of their guardians. Serious illness and other factors lead to the absence of actual guardian, no guardianship of minors; Second, minors who can not get proper guardianship because of guardian's domestic violence, neglect of management and so on; third, minors who drop out of school because of family financial difficulties losing basic security of life; Fourth, because of vagrancy, be trafficked, illegal labor and other factors into difficulties of minors. Many of them were unable to complete compulsory education because of their difficulties, dropped out to join the army and even wandered around the society. Premature entry of troubled minors into society is detrimental to their healthy growth. If the problem is left alone, a large number of such people will go astray in life. In view of this, the author tries to use the social work professional method to carry on the education protection to the difficult minor, in the practice process separately causes the minor to drop out of school because the guardian serves the sentence, Two victims who dropped out of school as a result of domestic violence from their guardians were involved in the case work. According to the psychological status and needs of the minors in distress, they adopted the social work techniques of cognitive therapy. Help the victim to deal with the bad emotions caused by the deep difficulties, restore mental health, actively cope with difficulties, contact the relevant social resources to assist the victim to establish his own social support network, Finally, it helps the two underage victims return to school, push them to finish their studies, and realize the educational protection of social work.
【學位授予單位】：長春工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：C916

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