本文選題：隧道 + 層狀圍巖��； 參考：《重慶交通大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在公路、鐵路隧道穿越山區(qū)地形時，時常遇到各種復(fù)雜的工程地質(zhì)環(huán)境，尤其是當隧道穿越層狀圍巖時，隧道爆破后開挖輪廓線易形成矩形形狀，同時出現(xiàn)不同程度的掉塊，甚至產(chǎn)生坍塌等不利施工因素，這使得實際開挖輪廓線與設(shè)計開挖輪廓線有很大偏差。研究獲得最優(yōu)的爆破參數(shù)，使得層狀軟弱圍巖地質(zhì)條件隧道的實際開挖輪廓線與設(shè)計開挖輪廓線相符合，盡可能地減少超欠挖。 隧道開挖爆破后的穩(wěn)定性主要取決于巖體內(nèi)不同地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)的性質(zhì)、空間變化以及開挖爆破過程中爆破作用對該地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響程度。研究分析爆破沖擊動力作用對層狀圍巖隧道穩(wěn)定的影響，有助于提高層狀軟弱圍巖地質(zhì)條件下隧道爆破施工技術(shù)與安全性。尤其是當隧道穿越軟弱夾層時，穿過軟弱夾層的炮孔對爆破后隧道設(shè)計輪廓線與隧道穩(wěn)定性影響更為顯著。因此，研究爆破沖擊動力作用下對層狀圍巖隧道設(shè)計輪廓線與隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性是一個亟待解決的新課題，也是巖石力學和爆破工程所關(guān)注的重點課題。 本文通過爆炸與沖擊動力學理論分析，對隧道穿越層狀軟弱圍巖地質(zhì)條件進行爆破參數(shù)優(yōu)化。應(yīng)用流體動力學和氣液兩相流動理論，分析隧道穿越層狀圍巖爆破過程中軟弱夾層的移動，建立爆破過程中軟弱夾層的運動力學分析模型。利用ANSYS/LS—DYNA3D有限元動力分析程序進行數(shù)值模擬，研究層狀軟弱圍巖地質(zhì)條件下不同布孔、不同裝藥量、藥柱長度與直徑之比對隧道開挖輪廓線影響。 通過對層狀圍巖隧道爆破荷載作用下的層狀圍巖破壞研究，提出合理的層狀圍巖隧道優(yōu)化爆破方案，通過數(shù)值模擬計算分析得到以下成果： 1.本文進行了層狀圍巖隧道爆破方案的優(yōu)化設(shè)計，提出了層狀圍巖隧道爆破采用半管爆破技術(shù)或者在炮孔中裝電子雷管相結(jié)合。 2．本文進行了層狀圍巖隧道五種優(yōu)化爆破方案計算，，分析比較五種優(yōu)化爆破方案在爆破后的塑性區(qū)與受力情況，得到了層狀圍巖隧道優(yōu)化爆破的最佳方案。 3.分析比較五種優(yōu)化爆破方案，可采用按最佳方案將布設(shè)炮孔、裝藥量以及半管爆破技術(shù)或者在炮孔中裝電子雷管相結(jié)合，這種思想可推廣到類似地層狀圍巖隧道爆破開挖過程。
[Abstract]:When the highway and railway tunnels pass through the mountainous terrain, they often encounter a variety of complex engineering geological environments, especially when the tunnel passes through the layered surrounding rock, the excavation contour of the tunnel is easy to form a rectangular shape after blasting, and at the same time, there are different degrees of falling blocks.Even some unfavorable construction factors, such as collapse, make the actual excavation contour deviate greatly from the design one.The optimal blasting parameters are obtained, which make the actual excavation contour of the tunnel under the geological conditions of layered soft rock consistent with the design of the excavation contour, and reduce the over-excavation as much as possible.The stability of the tunnel after blasting mainly depends on the properties of different geological structures in the rock, the spatial variation and the influence of blasting action on the geological structure during excavation and blasting.The influence of blasting impact force on the stability of layered surrounding rock tunnel is studied and analyzed, which is helpful to improve the construction technology and safety of tunnel blasting under the geological conditions of layered weak surrounding rock.Especially when the tunnel passes through the weak intercalation, the hole passing through the weak interlayer has a more significant effect on the tunnel design profile and tunnel stability after blasting.Therefore, it is a new task to study the design contour of layered surrounding rock tunnel and the stability of tunnel surrounding rock under the action of blasting impact force, and it is also the focus of attention in rock mechanics and blasting engineering.Based on the theoretical analysis of explosion and impact dynamics, the blasting parameters are optimized for the geological conditions of tunnel crossing soft rock.Based on the theory of hydrodynamics and gas-liquid two-phase flow, the movement of weak interlayer during tunnel blasting through layered surrounding rock is analyzed, and the kinematic mechanics analysis model of weak interlayer during blasting is established.By using the ANSYS/LS-DYNA3D finite element dynamic analysis program, the influence of different hole placement, different charge quantity and the ratio of the length and diameter of the charge column to the diameter of the tunnel excavation contour under the geological conditions of the layered soft surrounding rock is studied.By studying the failure of layered surrounding rock under blasting load of layered surrounding rock tunnel, a reasonable optimal blasting scheme for layered surrounding rock tunnel is put forward. The following results are obtained by numerical simulation and analysis:1.In this paper, the optimal design of the blasting scheme for layered surrounding rock tunnel is carried out, and the combination of half-tube blasting technique and electronic detonator installation in the blasting hole is put forward.2.In this paper, five optimal blasting schemes for layered surrounding rock tunnel are calculated. The plastic zone and stress of the five optimized blasting schemes after blasting are analyzed and compared, and the optimal blasting scheme for layered surrounding rock tunnel is obtained.3.By analyzing and comparing five kinds of optimal blasting schemes, we can combine the layout of blasting holes, charge quantity and half tube blasting technology or the installation of electronic detonators in the holes according to the best scheme. This idea can be extended to the blasting excavation process of similar layered surrounding rock tunnels.
【學位授予單位】：重慶交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U455.6

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