本文選題：城鄉(xiāng)　切入點(diǎn)：公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施　出處：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,政府提出要實(shí)現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)基本公共服務(wù)的均等化,基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施作為基本公共服務(wù)重要的一項(xiàng)內(nèi)容值得研究。國家公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)情況標(biāo)志著物質(zhì)水平的發(fā)展程度,基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施能夠促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長并改善生活條件。改革開放以來,城市公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)逐漸完善,而農(nóng)村公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施仍處于落后狀態(tài)。本文通過分析城鄉(xiāng)公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施差距的情況,在總結(jié)公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)已取得成就的基礎(chǔ)上希望通過加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),實(shí)現(xiàn)公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施在城鄉(xiāng)之間均等發(fā)展的目標(biāo)。 首先,對(duì)公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施在城鄉(xiāng)間均等發(fā)展的研究成果進(jìn)行歸納,說明了城鄉(xiāng)的數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)范圍和本文中基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的概念,確定了以功利主義思想作為城鄉(xiāng)公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施均等化的目標(biāo),在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了城鄉(xiāng)公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的均等化的內(nèi)涵和衡量指標(biāo),并介紹了本文涉及到的公共產(chǎn)品理論、城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)理論和城鄉(xiāng)一體化理論。其次,總結(jié)了我國城鄉(xiāng)公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)已取得的成就,并分析了目前我國城鄉(xiāng)公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施非均等的情況,得出我國城鄉(xiāng)公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施仍存在較大差距的結(jié)論。然后,分析了城鄉(xiāng)公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施差距造成的影響。包括拉大工農(nóng)業(yè)人均產(chǎn)出差距、拉大城鄉(xiāng)生活水平差距、減少農(nóng)民工資收入和拉大社會(huì)性基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施差距,并用一元線性回歸分析法說明了農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資與農(nóng)民收入、消費(fèi)支出的高度正相關(guān)性。接著,分析了造成城鄉(xiāng)公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施差距的原因,包括重城市輕農(nóng)村的政府政策,財(cái)政管理制度改革不到位以及公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資、建造效率維護(hù)力度方面的原因。最后,總結(jié)了城鄉(xiāng)公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施均等化的目標(biāo),提出堅(jiān)持以人為本、普惠性、持續(xù)性、優(yōu)先性、差異性的基本原則,提出在財(cái)政、經(jīng)濟(jì)、法律和稅收方面應(yīng)該實(shí)行的政策,并詳細(xì)說明了實(shí)現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施均等化在基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資、建造效率和維護(hù)力度方面的具體對(duì)策。 本文的創(chuàng)新之處：用統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)分析了城鄉(xiāng)公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的非均等現(xiàn)狀,利用一元線性回歸分析法說明了農(nóng)村公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資與農(nóng)民人均純收入的高度正相關(guān)性,以及農(nóng)村公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資與農(nóng)民消費(fèi)支出的高度正相關(guān)性,總結(jié)了實(shí)現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施均等化的具體對(duì)策,應(yīng)堅(jiān)持以人為本、優(yōu)先性、普惠性、持續(xù)性和差異性的原則,提出財(cái)政、經(jīng)濟(jì)、法律、稅收方面的對(duì)策以實(shí)現(xiàn)我國城鄉(xiāng)公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的均等化。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the government put forward to realize the equalization of urban and rural basic public services, infrastructure as an important content of basic public services is worth studying.The construction of national public infrastructure indicates the development of material level, which can promote economic growth and improve living conditions.Since the reform and opening up, the construction of urban public infrastructure has been gradually improved, while the rural public infrastructure is still in a backward state.Based on the analysis of the gap between urban and rural public infrastructure, this paper hopes to realize the goal of equal development of public infrastructure between urban and rural areas by strengthening rural infrastructure construction on the basis of summarizing the achievements of public infrastructure construction.First of all, the paper summarizes the research results of the equal development of public infrastructure between urban and rural areas, and explains the statistical scope of urban and rural data and the concept of infrastructure in this paper.This paper determines the goal of equalization of urban and rural public infrastructure based on utilitarianism, analyzes the connotation and measurement index of equalization of urban and rural public infrastructure, and introduces the theory of public goods involved in this paper.Urban and rural dual structure theory and urban and rural integration theory.Secondly, this paper summarizes the achievements in the construction of urban and rural public infrastructure in China, and analyzes the unequal situation of urban and rural public infrastructure, and draws the conclusion that there is still a big gap between urban and rural public infrastructure in China.Then, it analyzes the impact caused by the gap between urban and rural public infrastructure.It includes enlarging the per capita output gap between industry and agriculture, widening the gap of living standard between urban and rural areas, reducing the wage income of farmers and enlarging the gap of social infrastructure. The paper explains the relationship between rural infrastructure investment and farmers' income by the method of univariate linear regression analysis.Consumer spending is highly positive.Then, the paper analyzes the reasons for the gap between urban and rural public infrastructure, including the government policy of emphasizing cities over rural areas, the inadequate reform of financial management system, the investment of public infrastructure and the maintenance of construction efficiency.Finally, the paper summarizes the goal of equalization of urban and rural public infrastructure, puts forward the basic principles of people-oriented, inclusiveness, sustainability, priority and difference, and puts forward the policies that should be implemented in the aspects of finance, economy, law and taxation.It also explains in detail the countermeasures to realize the equalization of urban and rural public infrastructure in infrastructure investment, construction efficiency and maintenance.The innovations of this paper are as follows: using statistical data to analyze the status quo of urban and rural public infrastructure inequality, and using the univariate linear regression analysis to illustrate the highly positive correlation between rural public infrastructure investment and the per capita net income of farmers.As well as the high positive correlation between rural public infrastructure investment and farmers' consumption expenditure, this paper summarizes the concrete countermeasures to realize the equalization of urban and rural public infrastructure, and should adhere to the principles of people-oriented, priority, inclusiveness, sustainability and difference.In order to realize the equalization of urban and rural public infrastructure, this paper puts forward the countermeasures of finance, economy, law and tax.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D630;F299.24

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