發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-02 10:47

  本文選題：食品安全　切入點(diǎn)：風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防　出處：《廣東外語(yǔ)外貿(mào)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：“民以食為天，食以安為先”。食品安全事關(guān)百姓身體健康和生命安全，事關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)和諧，食品的安全是人類健康生活的基礎(chǔ)。然而隨著社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展，人們剛剛解決了溫飽問(wèn)題，卻又要面對(duì)食品安全的危機(jī)四伏。現(xiàn)在我們處在一個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)里，我國(guó)食品安全的問(wèn)題似乎越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重,無(wú)良商家的行為嚴(yán)重的破壞了整個(gè)社會(huì)的信用環(huán)境,必須從根源上對(duì)食品的安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行預(yù)防,才能起到真正的作用�！胺彩骂A(yù)則立，不預(yù)則廢”只有從根本上預(yù)防控制和消除食品的安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，才能避免食品安全事故的發(fā)生。 目前，食品安全的界定早已超出了“有毒”和“無(wú)毒”的區(qū)分，而管理的措施和手段也不再僅僅局限于“禁止”或“允許”，它通常包括風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的可能性的大小判斷和安全值的問(wèn)題。這正是食品安全立法決策應(yīng)當(dāng)基于的事實(shí)。當(dāng)法律面對(duì)不確定的科技風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，國(guó)家的義務(wù)就逐步晉升為提升預(yù)防風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的水平。當(dāng)我們處在一個(gè)充滿了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的社會(huì)，在此危機(jī)和挑戰(zhàn)之下，國(guó)際上被廣泛運(yùn)用于具有科學(xué)不確定性的環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指導(dǎo)方針的“預(yù)防原則”(precautionary principle)在食品安全領(lǐng)域中逐步登場(chǎng)。預(yù)防原則實(shí)質(zhì)上是一種先于危險(xiǎn)發(fā)生的保護(hù)性思考，目的是防止危險(xiǎn)的發(fā)生。本文從預(yù)防的角度出發(fā)，主要結(jié)合2009年出臺(tái)的《食品安全法》中的食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)和評(píng)估制度、食品質(zhì)量安全市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入制度、食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制度中體現(xiàn)食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防的法律理念的三個(gè)制度進(jìn)行述寫，希望對(duì)現(xiàn)在食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的預(yù)防起到拋磚引玉的作用。 本文分成四個(gè)部分: 第一部分是對(duì)我國(guó)現(xiàn)有的食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防法律制度進(jìn)行分析，分析各法律制度是如何起到預(yù)防作用的。 第二部分是現(xiàn)有的食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防法律制度存在問(wèn)題，通過(guò)分析各制度存在的問(wèn)題,目的是要得到一個(gè)良好的解決方案。 第三部分是發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防法律制度的經(jīng)驗(yàn)借鑒及啟示，，主要選取了美國(guó)、歐盟等具有代表性的國(guó)家在食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防方面具體的做法，綜合分析發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的基本經(jīng)驗(yàn)，為我國(guó)食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防的構(gòu)建提供啟示，本章主要通過(guò)比較分析的方法進(jìn)行論述。 第四部分完善我國(guó)食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防法律的建議。
[Abstract]:Food safety is vital to the health and safety of the people, and to economic development and social harmony. Food safety is the foundation of human health and life. However, with the continuous development of society and economy, People have just solved the problem of food and clothing, but they have to face the crisis of food safety. Now we are in a risky society, and the problem of food safety in our country seems to be getting more and more serious. The behavior of unscrupulous businessmen has seriously damaged the credit environment of the whole society. We must prevent food safety risks from the root causes, in order to play a real role. The food safety accident can be avoided only by preventing and controlling and eliminating the food safety risk. At present, the definition of food safety has long gone beyond the distinction between "toxic" and "non-toxic". And the measures and means of management are no longer limited to "prohibition" or "permission". They usually include the question of the magnitude of the likelihood of risk and the safety value. This is the fact that food safety legislative decisions should be based. The law faces uncertain scientific and technological risks, The obligation of the State is to gradually raise the level of risk prevention. When we are in a society full of risks, in this crisis and challenge, The precautionary principle, which is widely used internationally in the field of food safety, is widely used as a guideline for environmental risk with scientific uncertainty. In essence, the precautionary principle is a protective thinking prior to the occurrence of danger. The purpose of this paper is to prevent the occurrence of risks. From the point of view of prevention, this paper mainly combines the food safety risk monitoring and assessment system, the food quality safety market access system, and the food safety market access system introduced in the Food Safety Law in 2009. The three systems which embody the legal concept of food safety risk prevention in the food safety standard system are described and written in the hope that the prevention of food safety risks will play an important role in the prevention of food safety risks. This paper is divided into four parts:. The first part is to analyze the existing legal system of food safety risk prevention in China, and analyze how each legal system plays a preventive role. The second part is the existing problems in the existing legal system of food safety risk prevention, through the analysis of the problems existing in each system, the purpose is to get a good solution. The third part is the experience of food safety risk prevention legal system in developed countries and enlightenment, mainly selected the United States, the European Union and other representative countries in food safety risk prevention specific practices, Comprehensive analysis of the basic experience of developed countries to provide inspiration for the construction of food safety risk prevention in China, this chapter mainly through comparative analysis of the method of discussion. The fourth part consummates our country food safety risk prevention law suggestion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東外語(yǔ)外貿(mào)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D922.16;F426.82;F203


本文編號(hào)：1700030