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  本文選題：閉環(huán)供應鏈　切入點：再制造　出處：《南京理工大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在閉環(huán)供應鏈管理中,廢舊產(chǎn)品回收模式的選擇是一項重要且復雜的工作,它對廢舊產(chǎn)品的回收效率和閉環(huán)供應鏈各成員利潤起著決定性作用。閉環(huán)供應鏈中由于生產(chǎn)過程存在學習效應,會使得新產(chǎn)品的單位生產(chǎn)成本隨著時間的推移而下降,新產(chǎn)品成本的變動必然同時影響閉環(huán)供應鏈中新產(chǎn)品和再制造產(chǎn)品的定價和需求量�；�于此,本文考慮學習效應,建立兩周期閉環(huán)供應鏈定價模型,研究不同的回收模式和學習效應對供應鏈成員均衡決策和利潤的影響,具有一定的現(xiàn)實意義。 本文就一條由一個制造商和一個零售商組成的閉環(huán)供應鏈構(gòu)建兩階段動態(tài)規(guī)劃和動態(tài)博弈模型,其中第一周期僅生產(chǎn)新產(chǎn)品,第二周期同時生產(chǎn)新產(chǎn)品和再制造產(chǎn)品,制造商負責回收廢舊產(chǎn)品,顯性考慮廢舊產(chǎn)品回收量對于第二周期再制造產(chǎn)品供應量的約束,研究不同的回收模式、消費者偏好、學習效應等對閉環(huán)供應鏈成員的均衡決策和利潤的影響。首先建立不考慮學習效應的閉環(huán)供應鏈的定價模型,研究集中決策下和分散決策下閉環(huán)供應鏈的定價策略,并將模型拓展到零售商回收的情況,比較了兩種回收模式下閉環(huán)供應鏈的均衡決策和利潤。在此基礎(chǔ)上,考慮新產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)過程存在學習效應,分別研究線性學習曲線和非線性學習曲線下閉環(huán)供應鏈的定價策略,最后對這兩種學習曲線下閉環(huán)供應鏈的均衡決策和利潤進行比較。通過研究得出以下結(jié)論： (1)制造商回收模式下第一周期新產(chǎn)品和第二周期再制造產(chǎn)品的批發(fā)價格、零售價格低于零售商回收模式下的結(jié)果,而回收努力水平高于零售商回收時的結(jié)果,第二周期新產(chǎn)品的批發(fā)價格、零售價格在這兩種回收模式下相同。相比零售商回收模式,閉環(huán)供應鏈在制造商回收模式下獲得“帕累托”改進。 (2)學習能力越強,第一周期新產(chǎn)品的批發(fā)價格和零售價格越高,第二周期新產(chǎn)品的批發(fā)價格和零售價格、再制造產(chǎn)品的批發(fā)價格和零售價格以及回收努力水平越小。閉環(huán)供應鏈及其成員的利潤都隨著學習能力和消費者偏好的增加而增加。 (3)相比線性學習曲線,閉環(huán)供應鏈及其成員都在非線性學習曲線下獲得了較高的利潤,因為非線性情況下學習能力的提高使得新產(chǎn)品在第二周期能夠以更低的成本進行生產(chǎn),為閉環(huán)供應鏈帶來更大的利潤空間。 以上研究對閉環(huán)供應鏈成員企業(yè)的運營和營銷管理提供了決策參考,如企業(yè)可以采取措施提高消費者對再制造產(chǎn)品的偏好、降低再制造產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)成本以及提高企業(yè)員工的學習能力等。
[Abstract]:In the closed-loop supply chain management, it is an important and complicated task to select the recycling mode of waste products. It plays a decisive role in the recovery efficiency of waste products and the profits of the members of the closed-loop supply chain. Because of the learning effect in the production process in the closed-loop supply chain, the unit production cost of the new product will decrease with the passage of time. The change of the cost of new products will inevitably affect the pricing and demand of new products and remanufactured products in the closed-loop supply chain at the same time. Based on this, a two-cycle closed-loop supply chain pricing model is established considering the learning effect. It is of practical significance to study the effects of different recovery models and learning effects on the equilibrium decision and profit of supply chain members. In this paper, a two-stage dynamic programming and dynamic game model is constructed for a closed-loop supply chain consisting of a manufacturer and a retailer, in which only new products are produced in the first cycle, and new products and remanufactured products are produced simultaneously in the second cycle. Manufacturers are responsible for recycling waste products, explicitly considering the constraints of recycling amount to the second cycle remanufacturing product supply, and studying different recycling models and consumer preferences. First, the pricing model of closed-loop supply chain without learning effect is established, and the pricing strategy of closed-loop supply chain under centralized decision and decentralized decision is studied. The model is extended to retailer recovery, and the equilibrium decision and profit of the closed-loop supply chain are compared under the two recycling modes. On this basis, the learning effect of the production process of new products is considered. The pricing strategies of the closed-loop supply chain under the linear learning curve and the nonlinear learning curve are studied respectively. Finally, the equilibrium decision and profit of the closed-loop supply chain under the two learning curves are compared. (1) Wholesale prices of new products in the first cycle and re-manufactured products in the second cycle under the manufacturer's recycling mode are lower than those in the retailer's recycling mode, and the level of recycling efforts is higher than that of the retailer's recycling, The wholesale price and retail price of the new product in the second cycle are the same under these two recycling modes. Compared with the retailer recovery mode, the closed-loop supply chain obtains Pareto improvement in the manufacturer recovery mode. 2) the stronger the learning ability, the higher the wholesale and retail prices of new products in the first cycle, and the wholesale and retail prices of new products in the second cycle. The wholesale and retail prices of remanufactured products and the level of recycling efforts are smaller. The profit of the closed-loop supply chain and its members increases with the increase of learning ability and consumer preference. Compared with the linear learning curve, the closed-loop supply chain and its members make a higher profit under the nonlinear learning curve, because the improvement of learning ability in the nonlinear situation enables the new product to be produced at lower cost in the second cycle. Bring more profit space for closed-loop supply chain. The above research provides a decision reference for the operation and marketing management of closed-loop supply chain member enterprises, such as enterprises can take measures to improve consumers' preference for remanufactured products. Reduce the cost of re-manufacturing products and improve the learning ability of employees.
【學位授予單位】：南京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F274;F713.2;F224.32

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