城鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)職工養(yǎng)老金給付的性別差異研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-24 10:53
【摘要】：隨著老齡化社會(huì)的到來(lái)，我國(guó)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)問題已經(jīng)日益引起政府、學(xué)者和社會(huì)各界的關(guān)注。但是，養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度中存在的性別差異卻一直受到忽視。相比于男性來(lái)說，女性養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的覆蓋率和養(yǎng)老金的受益水平都較低，使得老年女性陷入貧困的概率遠(yuǎn)高于男性。隨著我國(guó)社會(huì)保障制度改革的深入，養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)領(lǐng)域中出現(xiàn)的性別問題開始受到社會(huì)的關(guān)注。本文從研究我國(guó)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度模式設(shè)計(jì)中存在的性別盲點(diǎn)入手，從性別視角對(duì)我國(guó)現(xiàn)行養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)政策進(jìn)行分析。本文通過問卷分析、文獻(xiàn)分析和精算分析等方式對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)職工養(yǎng)老金給付的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行相關(guān)描述，指出了養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)政策在計(jì)發(fā)辦法與待遇水平上存在性別盲點(diǎn)，，即由于我國(guó)企業(yè)職工養(yǎng)老金政策在制定中沒有考慮到男女兩性在職工繳費(fèi)年限、繳費(fèi)工資、當(dāng)?shù)芈毠て骄べY、個(gè)人賬戶金額、城鎮(zhèn)人口平均預(yù)期壽命、替代率水平等確定方面存在差異，從而損害了女性養(yǎng)老金的利益分配。本文在探求性別問題產(chǎn)生的原因的同時(shí)尋求爭(zhēng)取養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度性別公平的途徑。 由此可見，必須將性別角度納入新的社會(huì)保障制度及政策方案的設(shè)計(jì)、執(zhí)行和評(píng)估中，才能進(jìn)一步完善我國(guó)的養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度，縮小在社會(huì)資源和成果分享上的性別差異。本文主要共分五部分：第一部分簡(jiǎn)單介紹了與城鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)職工養(yǎng)老金給付相關(guān)的概念界定及理論基礎(chǔ)。第二部分通過問卷調(diào)查、文獻(xiàn)分析、精算分析的方式對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)職工養(yǎng)老金給付的性別差異的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了分析，得出了影響城鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)職工養(yǎng)老金給付性別差異的主要因素。第三部分分別對(duì)影響社會(huì)統(tǒng)籌和個(gè)人賬戶養(yǎng)老金給付的影響因素進(jìn)行分析。第四部分對(duì)養(yǎng)老金替代率的性別差異進(jìn)行分析和測(cè)算。第五部分在因素分析的基礎(chǔ)上，提出縮小城鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)職工養(yǎng)老金給付性別差異的政策建議。
[Abstract]:With the coming of aging society, the problem of old-age insurance in China has been paid more and more attention by the government, scholars and all walks of life. However, the gender gap in the pension system has been ignored. Women's coverage and pension benefits are lower than men's, making older women much more likely to fall into poverty than men. With the deepening of the reform of social security system in China, the gender problem in the field of endowment insurance has been concerned by the society. This paper begins with the study of the gender blind spot in the design of the pattern of China's old-age insurance system, and analyzes the current endowment insurance policy in China from the perspective of gender. Through questionnaire analysis, literature analysis and actuarial analysis, this paper describes the present situation of pension payment for urban enterprise workers, and points out that there are gender blind spots in pension insurance policy. That is, because our country's enterprise worker pension policy has not taken into account the number of years paid by both sexes in terms of the number of years of payment paid by the workers, the payment of wages, the average salary of local workers, the amount of personal accounts, and the average life expectancy of the urban population, There are differences in the determination of substitution rate, which impairs the benefit distribution of female pension. This paper explores the causes of gender problems and seeks ways to achieve gender equity in the endowment insurance system. It can be seen that the gender perspective must be incorporated into the design, implementation and evaluation of the new social security system and policies, in order to further improve the old-age insurance system in China and reduce the gender differences in social resources and achievement sharing. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part briefly introduces the definition and theoretical basis of pension payment related to urban enterprises. In the second part, through questionnaire, literature analysis and actuarial analysis, the author analyzes the current situation of the gender difference of pension payment for urban enterprise workers, and draws the main factors that affect the gender difference of pension payment. The third part analyzes the influence factors of social planning and individual account pension payment. The fourth part analyzes and calculates the gender difference of pension replacement rate. On the basis of factor analysis, the fifth part puts forward some policy suggestions on narrowing the gender difference of pension payment in urban enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F842.67
本文編號(hào)：2200594
[Abstract]:With the coming of aging society, the problem of old-age insurance in China has been paid more and more attention by the government, scholars and all walks of life. However, the gender gap in the pension system has been ignored. Women's coverage and pension benefits are lower than men's, making older women much more likely to fall into poverty than men. With the deepening of the reform of social security system in China, the gender problem in the field of endowment insurance has been concerned by the society. This paper begins with the study of the gender blind spot in the design of the pattern of China's old-age insurance system, and analyzes the current endowment insurance policy in China from the perspective of gender. Through questionnaire analysis, literature analysis and actuarial analysis, this paper describes the present situation of pension payment for urban enterprise workers, and points out that there are gender blind spots in pension insurance policy. That is, because our country's enterprise worker pension policy has not taken into account the number of years paid by both sexes in terms of the number of years of payment paid by the workers, the payment of wages, the average salary of local workers, the amount of personal accounts, and the average life expectancy of the urban population, There are differences in the determination of substitution rate, which impairs the benefit distribution of female pension. This paper explores the causes of gender problems and seeks ways to achieve gender equity in the endowment insurance system. It can be seen that the gender perspective must be incorporated into the design, implementation and evaluation of the new social security system and policies, in order to further improve the old-age insurance system in China and reduce the gender differences in social resources and achievement sharing. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part briefly introduces the definition and theoretical basis of pension payment related to urban enterprises. In the second part, through questionnaire, literature analysis and actuarial analysis, the author analyzes the current situation of the gender difference of pension payment for urban enterprise workers, and draws the main factors that affect the gender difference of pension payment. The third part analyzes the influence factors of social planning and individual account pension payment. The fourth part analyzes and calculates the gender difference of pension replacement rate. On the basis of factor analysis, the fifth part puts forward some policy suggestions on narrowing the gender difference of pension payment in urban enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F842.67
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