提高高職學(xué)生就業(yè)競爭力的策略研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-12 18:50
【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，國家對(duì)人才的需求不斷提高，尤其是對(duì)高技能創(chuàng)新型人才的需求，這就亟需要高職院校培養(yǎng)一批適合社會(huì)發(fā)展、國家需求的可以服務(wù)一線的高技能型人才，使得高職學(xué)生在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)生產(chǎn)、建設(shè)、管理中發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。隨著《國家中長期教育改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要》（2010—2020）的頒布，高職教育的發(fā)展被進(jìn)一步重視，黨和國家對(duì)高職學(xué)生提出更高的要求并寄予更高期望。然而近些年，高職學(xué)生由于受整體就業(yè)環(huán)境的影響，加之學(xué)歷層次較低等自身的劣勢(shì)條件，未能充分發(fā)揮其就業(yè)競爭力，使他們的就業(yè)形勢(shì)變得更加嚴(yán)峻。因此為了改善高職學(xué)生的就業(yè)現(xiàn)狀，高職院校必須設(shè)法從根本上提升學(xué)生的就業(yè)競爭力，才能使高職學(xué)生順利從學(xué)校過渡到社會(huì)，，最終成為符合社會(huì)發(fā)展需求的高素質(zhì)、高技能人才。本文立足于職業(yè)教育學(xué)的基本理論和管理學(xué)的勝任特征模型、系統(tǒng)工程理論，在前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上，通過實(shí)踐調(diào)研，嘗試總結(jié)和分析了陜西省高職院校畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)特點(diǎn)，并與用人單位對(duì)人才需求的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)做了對(duì)比分析，從國家、高職院校、學(xué)生自身等層面提出了增強(qiáng)高職學(xué)生就業(yè)競爭力的建議和對(duì)策，并重點(diǎn)對(duì)學(xué)校的人才培養(yǎng)模式進(jìn)行了探討研究。 本研究主要采用了文獻(xiàn)研究法、問卷調(diào)查法、訪談法、比較分析法等方法。本文分為四個(gè)部分:第一部分對(duì)高職學(xué)生就業(yè)競爭力的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了綜述；第二部分對(duì)高職學(xué)生就業(yè)競爭力的相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行概述；第三部分，作者以五所高職院校畢業(yè)生和就業(yè)指導(dǎo)老師為調(diào)查對(duì)象，分別進(jìn)行了抽樣問卷調(diào)查和訪談，在揭示了高職學(xué)生就業(yè)競爭力現(xiàn)狀的同時(shí)，與用人單位人才需求標(biāo)準(zhǔn)做了對(duì)比，分析總結(jié)了高職學(xué)生的就業(yè)優(yōu)、劣勢(shì)；第四部分，為提高高職學(xué)生就業(yè)競爭力，作者從國家、學(xué)校、個(gè)人三個(gè)層面提出了相關(guān)建議和對(duì)策。本研究的最終目的是提高高職院校對(duì)學(xué)生就業(yè)競爭力指導(dǎo)的針對(duì)性和實(shí)效性，提高高職院校學(xué)生的就業(yè)競爭力，幫助高職學(xué)生科學(xué)規(guī)劃自己的職業(yè)生涯，使其順利的步入社會(huì)，成長為社會(huì)需要的有用人才，并為其職業(yè)生涯的終生發(fā)展奠定基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, the country's demand for talents, especially the demand for highly skilled and innovative talents, is increasing. It is urgent for higher vocational colleges to cultivate a group of highly skilled talents who are suitable for social development and can serve the first-line needs of the country. Higher vocational students are playing more and more important role in modern society production, construction and management. With the promulgation of the outline of the National medium and long term Education Reform and Development Program (2010-2020), the development of higher vocational education has been paid more attention to, and the Party and the country have put forward higher requirements and higher expectations to the students in higher vocational education. However, in recent years, due to the influence of the overall employment environment, coupled with the lower educational level and other inferior conditions, vocational students have failed to give full play to their employment competitiveness, making their employment situation more severe. Therefore, in order to improve the present employment situation of higher vocational students, higher vocational colleges must find ways to fundamentally enhance the employment competitiveness of students, in order to make vocational college students transition smoothly from school to society, and finally become the high quality that meets the needs of social development. Highly skilled personnel. Based on the basic theory of vocational education and the competency model of management science, the system engineering theory, based on the previous research results, this paper tries to summarize and analyze the employment characteristics of graduates of higher vocational colleges in Shaanxi Province through practical investigation. In addition, the author makes a comparative analysis with the standards of talent demand of employers, and puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures to enhance the employment competitiveness of higher vocational students from the aspects of the country, higher vocational colleges, students themselves, etc. And focus on the school of talent training model to explore the research. This study mainly adopts the methods of literature research, questionnaire survey, interview, comparative analysis and so on. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part summarizes the domestic and foreign research status of vocational students' employment competitiveness, the second part summarizes the theory of vocational students' employment competitiveness. In the third part, the author takes five vocational college graduates and employment guidance teachers as the objects of investigation, carries on the sampling questionnaire survey and the interview separately, reveals the present situation of the vocational college students' employment competitiveness at the same time, Compared with the talent demand standard of the employer, this paper analyzes and summarizes the employment advantages and disadvantages of the students in higher vocational education. In the fourth part, in order to improve the competitiveness of higher vocational students' employment, the author puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures from three aspects: state, school and individual. The ultimate purpose of this study is to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of vocational colleges' guidance on students' employment competitiveness, to improve the employment competitiveness of vocational college students, to help vocational college students to plan their career scientifically, and to make them enter the society smoothly. To grow up as a useful talent needed by society, and to lay the foundation for their lifetime development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：G717.38
本文編號(hào)：2408088
[Abstract]:With the development of society, the country's demand for talents, especially the demand for highly skilled and innovative talents, is increasing. It is urgent for higher vocational colleges to cultivate a group of highly skilled talents who are suitable for social development and can serve the first-line needs of the country. Higher vocational students are playing more and more important role in modern society production, construction and management. With the promulgation of the outline of the National medium and long term Education Reform and Development Program (2010-2020), the development of higher vocational education has been paid more attention to, and the Party and the country have put forward higher requirements and higher expectations to the students in higher vocational education. However, in recent years, due to the influence of the overall employment environment, coupled with the lower educational level and other inferior conditions, vocational students have failed to give full play to their employment competitiveness, making their employment situation more severe. Therefore, in order to improve the present employment situation of higher vocational students, higher vocational colleges must find ways to fundamentally enhance the employment competitiveness of students, in order to make vocational college students transition smoothly from school to society, and finally become the high quality that meets the needs of social development. Highly skilled personnel. Based on the basic theory of vocational education and the competency model of management science, the system engineering theory, based on the previous research results, this paper tries to summarize and analyze the employment characteristics of graduates of higher vocational colleges in Shaanxi Province through practical investigation. In addition, the author makes a comparative analysis with the standards of talent demand of employers, and puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures to enhance the employment competitiveness of higher vocational students from the aspects of the country, higher vocational colleges, students themselves, etc. And focus on the school of talent training model to explore the research. This study mainly adopts the methods of literature research, questionnaire survey, interview, comparative analysis and so on. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part summarizes the domestic and foreign research status of vocational students' employment competitiveness, the second part summarizes the theory of vocational students' employment competitiveness. In the third part, the author takes five vocational college graduates and employment guidance teachers as the objects of investigation, carries on the sampling questionnaire survey and the interview separately, reveals the present situation of the vocational college students' employment competitiveness at the same time, Compared with the talent demand standard of the employer, this paper analyzes and summarizes the employment advantages and disadvantages of the students in higher vocational education. In the fourth part, in order to improve the competitiveness of higher vocational students' employment, the author puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures from three aspects: state, school and individual. The ultimate purpose of this study is to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of vocational colleges' guidance on students' employment competitiveness, to improve the employment competitiveness of vocational college students, to help vocational college students to plan their career scientifically, and to make them enter the society smoothly. To grow up as a useful talent needed by society, and to lay the foundation for their lifetime development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：G717.38
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