本文選題：師資配置 + 區(qū)域差異��； 參考：以上海市為例

【摘要】：教師資源的均衡配置是實(shí)現(xiàn)教育公平、提升教育質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵。本文基于2007年至2016年《上海統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒》的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),運(yùn)用泰爾指數(shù)、重心模型和空間統(tǒng)計(jì)分析方法,對上海義務(wù)教育師資配置的區(qū)域差異及空間格局演變進(jìn)行分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),上海義務(wù)教育師資呈現(xiàn)明顯的圈層結(jié)構(gòu)分布特征,核心區(qū)師資最充足,邊緣區(qū)次之,近郊區(qū)教師負(fù)擔(dān)最重,遠(yuǎn)郊區(qū)略好于近郊區(qū);全市義務(wù)教育師資配置的區(qū)域差異呈現(xiàn)波動(dòng)中上升的趨勢。從差異內(nèi)容看,小學(xué)師資的區(qū)域差異大于初中師資的區(qū)域差異。從差異構(gòu)成看,各區(qū)域內(nèi)部的差異大于區(qū)域之間的差異,其中遠(yuǎn)郊區(qū)內(nèi)部的差異是全市總體差異的主要來源,其他區(qū)域內(nèi)部的差異都控制在較小范圍內(nèi)。中心城區(qū)內(nèi)部的差異逐年減小,郊區(qū)內(nèi)部的差異逐年增大;義務(wù)教育的師資重心逐漸從中心城區(qū)向郊區(qū)移動(dòng),但仍滯后于學(xué)齡人口的變動(dòng);義務(wù)教育師資配置在空間格局上表現(xiàn)為空間負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,異質(zhì)性較強(qiáng),師資充足的地區(qū)與師資不足的地區(qū)相鄰,其中師資優(yōu)勢顯著的區(qū)域位于核心區(qū),而遠(yuǎn)郊區(qū)的師資短缺集聚現(xiàn)象明顯。小學(xué)階段的負(fù)相關(guān)趨勢逐漸增強(qiáng),初中階段的負(fù)相關(guān)趨勢逐漸減弱�；趲熧Y布局現(xiàn)狀,今后應(yīng)根據(jù)學(xué)齡人口規(guī)模合理配置師資,提升教師的職業(yè)吸引力以促進(jìn)師資的補(bǔ)充,從區(qū)域內(nèi)部著手實(shí)現(xiàn)師資的均衡發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The balanced allocation of teachers' resources is the key to achieving educational fairness and improving the quality of education. Based on the relevant data of the Statistical Yearbook of Shanghai from 2007 to 2016, this paper analyzes the regional differences and the evolution of spatial pattern of compulsory education teachers in Shanghai by using Tyr index, barycenter model and spatial statistical analysis method. It is found that the distribution of compulsory education teachers in Shanghai is obvious, the core area is the most abundant, the marginal area is the second, the peri-suburban teachers are the most heavy, and the far suburbs are slightly better than the near suburbs. The regional differences in the allocation of compulsory education teachers in the whole city show an upward trend in fluctuation. The regional difference of primary school teachers is greater than that of junior middle school teachers. In terms of the composition of the differences, the differences within the regions are greater than those among the regions, and the differences within the far suburbs are the main source of the overall differences in the whole city, while the differences within the other regions are controlled in a relatively small range. The difference in the central city is decreasing year by year, the difference in the suburb is increasing year by year, the center of gravity of the compulsory education teachers gradually moves from the central city to the suburb, but still lags behind the change of the school-age population. The allocation of compulsory education teachers in spatial pattern shows a negative correlation in space, the heterogeneity is strong, the areas with sufficient teachers are adjacent to the areas with insufficient teachers, and the regions with significant teachers' advantages are located in the core area. The shortage of teachers in the far suburbs is obvious. The trend of negative correlation in primary school and junior middle school gradually increased. Based on the present situation of teachers' distribution, teachers should be rationally allocated according to the size of school-age population in the future, teachers' professional attraction should be enhanced to promote teachers' supplement, and the balanced development of teachers should be realized from within the region.
【作者單位】： 華東師范大學(xué)公共管理學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家社會科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(14AGL017)的資助
【分類號】：G525.1

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本文編號：1795779