發(fā)布時間：2018-11-22 13:47

【摘要】：本文在細讀尼日利亞作家渥雷·索因卡的戲劇《死亡與國王的侍從》文本的基礎上，運用歷史考察的方法梳理了國王陪葬文化的歷史演變脈絡，并深入探討殖民時期外來西方文化對殖民地本土文化、本土知識分子所產(chǎn)生的影響。 本文共分六個部分，引言主要介紹了索因卡在國內(nèi)外的研究情況，提出對《死亡與國王的侍從》這部戲劇進行文化考察的必要性，并對該劇劇情進行簡單梳理。 第一章主要介紹了約魯巴國王陪葬文化的由來，用世界各地的人祭習俗對其進行了佐證，并從地理環(huán)境和宗教傳統(tǒng)、死亡觀念和靈魂觀念、酋長崇拜和祖先崇拜等方面進一步論述約魯巴族陪葬文化的形成因素。 第二章分別從保護自然、利于團結(jié)等土著居民的民族角度和人性、時代發(fā)展等本文的個人立場來論證陪葬文化的利與弊。 第三章重點分析后殖民時期外來文化所帶來的進步與危害，并著重探究文化輸入背后的實質(zhì)是殖民入侵與殖民掠奪。 第四章從索因卡的家庭環(huán)境和生活所處的社會環(huán)境考察，分析其既有傳統(tǒng)底蘊，又深受西方文化影響的“歐化非洲人”的特點，他特殊的文化雜交身份決定了他的文化立場，索因卡對國王陪葬這種傳統(tǒng)文化是既排斥又保護的。 結(jié)語部分總結(jié)全文，指出戲劇《死亡與國王的侍從》表現(xiàn)了作者索因卡都對國王陪葬的傳統(tǒng)文化、傳統(tǒng)習俗以及西方殖民下的外來文化存在著既支持又反對的兩種觀點。但作品和作者更傾向于捍衛(wèi)民族的獨立與自由，對具有殖民色彩的外來文化是否定和排斥的。 本文認為：為國王進行人祭的習俗確實是迷信與野蠻的，但如果殖民政府以此去剝奪一個民族的文化，，一個民族的自由，那么這種做法比習俗本身更野蠻。在當今社會，各民族之間文化的交流必不可少，但應該一定是個雙向的、平等的過程。
[Abstract]:On the basis of careful reading of the plays by Nigerian writer Warley Soyinka, death and King's attendant, this paper combs the historical evolution of the King's funeral culture by means of historical investigation. The influence of the foreign western culture on the local culture and the native intellectuals during the colonial period was also discussed. This paper is divided into six parts. The introduction mainly introduces the research situation of Soyinka at home and abroad, puts forward the necessity of cultural investigation on the play "death and King's attendant", and simply combs the plot of the play. The first chapter mainly introduces the origin of King Yoruba's burial culture, which is supported by the custom of sacrifice of people all over the world, and from the geographical environment and religious tradition, the concept of death and soul. Sheikh worship and ancestor worship further discussed the formation factors of Yoluba funeral culture. The second chapter discusses the advantages and disadvantages of funerary culture from the angle of protecting nature, benefiting the unity of the aboriginal people and human nature, the development of the times and so on. The third chapter mainly analyzes the progress and harm brought by the foreign culture in the post-colonial period, and probes into the essence behind the cultural input: colonial invasion and colonial plunder. The fourth chapter examines Soyinka's family environment and the social environment in which he lives, and analyzes the characteristics of "Europeanized Africans", both traditional and deeply influenced by western culture. His special cultural hybrid identity determines his cultural stand. Soyinka rejected and protected the traditional culture of the king's burial with him. The conclusion part summarizes the full text and points out that the drama death and King's attendants show that Soyinka both support and oppose the traditional culture traditional custom and foreign culture of western colonization. However, the works and authors tend to defend the independence and freedom of the nation. This paper holds that the custom of offering human sacrifices to the king is superstitious and barbaric, but if the colonial government uses it to deprive a nation of its culture and a nation's freedom, then this practice is more barbaric than the custom itself. In today's society, cultural communication between ethnic groups is essential, but it must be a two-way, equal process.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：I437.073

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