發(fā)布時間：2018-05-29 09:52

  本文選題：名詞（名詞性短語）的意義特征 + 句末名詞須有定語修飾的名詞謂語句�。� 參考：《上海外國語大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：迄今為止，研究者就名詞謂語句主謂間的意義關(guān)系做出了不少概念上的界定，諸如“措定·指定”關(guān)系等等。日語名詞謂語句主謂間的意義關(guān)系看似簡單，但實(shí)則不然。 本研究認(rèn)為，構(gòu)成謂語的名詞（或名詞性短語）其本身所具有的意義特征直接對名詞謂語句主謂間的意義關(guān)系產(chǎn)生影響。具體說來，名詞具有多樣的意義特征，不僅可用來指人或物，表示名詞性意義，還可以用來表示所指對象的特征、狀態(tài)、動作，具有形容詞性、動詞性意義。名詞之所以具有多樣的意義特征，這與名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)不無關(guān)聯(lián)。由形容詞、動詞轉(zhuǎn)換而成的名詞大多受到原有詞義的影響，帶有形容詞性、動詞性意義。定語不僅起到修飾作用，更能從意義的角度對被修飾的名詞加以限定。由形容詞（或形容詞短語）、動詞（或動詞短語）、或具有形容詞性、動詞性意義的名詞充當(dāng)定語，構(gòu)成的名詞性短語同樣具有形容詞性、動詞性意義。這類名詞性短語用做謂語，將直接影響主謂間的意義關(guān)系。 本研究注重意義和形態(tài)的結(jié)合，將名詞（或名詞性短語）的意義特征分成本質(zhì)、特征、狀態(tài)及運(yùn)動這四類。主要按照這一分類，就名詞謂語句主謂間的意義關(guān)系展開詳盡地、體系化地分析。 本研究通過名詞謂語句主謂間意義關(guān)系的分析，明確了名詞謂語句同動詞謂語句、形容詞謂語句之間的關(guān)聯(lián)性，旨在揭示名詞謂語句的典型性。具有形容詞性、動詞性意義的名詞（或名詞性短語）構(gòu)成謂語時，謂語部分表示主語提示對象的特征、狀態(tài)和動作。這類名詞謂語句在句意上、功能上都與形容詞謂語句、動詞謂語句相近。典型的名詞謂語句不僅具有名詞謂語句的句式形態(tài)，而且還應(yīng)表示名詞性意義。所以說，典型的名詞謂語句應(yīng)是句式與意義的一致性表現(xiàn)。 此外，有一類名詞謂語句的句末名詞如果沒有定語的修飾，就只具有名詞謂語句的句式形態(tài)，無法表達(dá)完整的語義。本研究根據(jù)名詞的意義功能的不同，將名詞分成兩類，一類只具有命名功能，而另一類不僅具有命名功能，還有自我修飾功能。根據(jù)句末名詞所具有的意義功能、句末名詞同主語名詞（或名詞性短語）之間的制約關(guān)系，揭示出此類名詞謂語句的成因，即當(dāng)只具有命名功能的名詞用作句末名詞時，往往需要由指示代詞充當(dāng)主語，名詞謂語句才得以成立。倘若由其他的名詞（或名詞性短語）充當(dāng)主語，句末名詞只有借助定語的修飾，才能獲得具體的意義。這樣的名詞謂語句不僅在句式形態(tài)上，而且在語義表達(dá)上也是完整的。 本研究中將鰻魚句、表隱喻的名詞謂語句作為語境依賴型名詞謂語句的典型表達(dá)加以分析。鰻魚句的主語和謂語之間，原本應(yīng)有一個起到信息傳遞的結(jié)構(gòu)成分存在。由于這一結(jié)構(gòu)成分被隱藏，從而導(dǎo)致了鰻魚句只有依靠實(shí)際的使用場合和具體語境，才能成立，才能獲得合乎邏輯表達(dá)的意義解釋。表隱喻的名詞謂語句是一種對語境依賴度較高的表達(dá)形式。找出隱喻對象和置換對象之間的共通點(diǎn)，或判斷是否是隱喻表達(dá)時，往往需要借助具體語境的幫助。 本研究共分九章。第一章介紹研究的目的及相關(guān)課題等。第二章概述、總結(jié)先行研究。第三章分析名詞的意義特征。第四章指出句末名詞須有定語修飾，，才可成立的名詞謂語句，并探討、分析其形成原因。第五章分析名詞性短語的意義特征。第六、七、八章分別就非特定型名詞謂語句、特定型名詞謂語句、語境依賴型名詞謂語句展開分析。第九章在上述論證的基礎(chǔ)上，總結(jié)得出名詞謂語句的典型性，并提出今后的研究課題及展望。
[Abstract]:So far, the researchers have made a number of conceptions on the meaning relationship between the subject predicate and predicate of the noun predicate, such as the "the set of measures", and so on. The meaning relationship between the subject predicates of the Japanese noun predicate sentences seems simple, but it is not true.
This study holds that the noun (or noun phrase) which constitutes the predicate has its own meaning directly affecting the meaning relationship between the subject predicate and predicate of the noun predicate. In particular, the noun has a variety of meaning features, which can be used not only to refer to people or things, to express nominal meaning, but also to express the characteristics and states of the objects they refer to. A noun has a variety of meanings, which is related to the structure of a noun. Most of the nouns converted from adjectives and verbs are influenced by the original meaning, with adjectives and verb meanings. The attribution not only plays the role of modification, but also can be modified from the point of view. A noun is defined. An adjective (or adjective phrase), a verb (or a verb phrase), or a noun with an adjective and verbal meaning acts as a attributive, and the noun phrases that constitute the noun are also adjective and verb. Such noun phrases are used as predicates and will directly affect the meaning relationship between the subject and predicate.
This study pays attention to the combination of meaning and form, and divides the meaning characteristics of noun (or noun phrase) into four categories: essence, characteristic, state and movement. This paper, based on this classification, analyzes the significance of the meaning relationship between the subject predicate and predicate of noun predicate.
This study, through the analysis of the meaning relation between the subject predicate and predicate of the noun predicate, clarifies the relevance between the noun predicate sentence and the verb predicate sentence and the adjective predicate sentence, which aims to reveal the typicality of the noun predicate sentence. Characteristic, state and action. This kind of noun predicate sentence in sentence meaning, function all with adjective predicate sentence, verb predicate sentence similar. The typical noun predicate sentence not only has the sentence pattern form of the noun predicate sentence, but also should express the noun meaning. Therefore, the typical noun predicate sentence should be the consistency of the sentence pattern and the meaning.
In addition, if there is a class of noun predicate sentence end noun, if there is no modifier, it only has the sentence pattern of noun predicate sentence, which can not express the complete semantic meaning. This study divides nouns into two categories according to the difference of meaning and function of nouns, one kind only has naming function, and the other not only has naming function, but also has self modification work. According to the meaning function of the terminology noun, the restriction relation between the end noun and the subject noun (or noun phrase) reveals the cause of the predicate sentence of this kind of noun, that is, when only nouns with nomenclature are used as the end nouns of a sentence, they often need an indicative pronoun to act as the subject and the noun predicate sentence can be established. His noun (or noun phrase) acts as the subject. Only by the aid of the modifier, the end noun can obtain specific meaning. This noun predicate that the sentence is not only in the form of the sentence pattern, but also in the semantic expression.
In this study, the eel sentence, metaphorical noun predicate sentence is analyzed as the typical expression of the context dependent noun sentence. The structure between the subject and the predicate of the eel sentence should have a structural component of information transmission. The structure of the eel is hidden, which leads to the eel sentence relying only on the practical use. And the specific context can be established to obtain a logical interpretation of meaning. The noun predicate sentence of the table metaphor is a form of high dependence on context. To find out the common point between the metaphorical objects and the displaced objects, or to judge whether it is a metaphor, it is often necessary to help with specific contexts.
The first chapter is divided into nine chapters. The first chapter introduces the purpose of the study and the related topics. The second chapter summarizes the first research. The third chapter analyzes the significance of the noun. The fourth chapter points out the noun predicate sentences which must be set up at the end of the sentence, and discusses the reasons for its formation. The fifth chapter analyzes the significance of the noun phrase. The sixth, seventh and eight chapters are non specific noun predicate sentences, specific noun predicate sentences, and context dependent noun predicate sentences. The ninth chapter sums up the typicality of the famous word predicate sentences on the basis of the above argument, and puts forward the research topics and prospects in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H36


本文編號：1950434