發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-01 23:07

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 智能交通 FPGA 軟件仿真 圖像處理　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展迅速,各種交通工具的數(shù)量大幅度增加,這也導(dǎo)致了城市交通密度的持續(xù)增加,各種交通事故層出不窮,城市交通水平越來(lái)越受到社會(huì)各界人士的關(guān)注,傳統(tǒng)的依靠人力來(lái)協(xié)調(diào)和指揮交通已經(jīng)無(wú)法滿足需求。隨著數(shù)字圖像處理技術(shù)的發(fā)展,基于圖像處理技術(shù)的智能交通管理系統(tǒng)也成為時(shí)下社會(huì)的研究熱點(diǎn)之一。智能交通管理系統(tǒng)可以有效的幫助城市緩解道路擁堵、降低事故發(fā)生概率,有效地提高交通效率,近年來(lái)已經(jīng)倍受重視。本文基于FPGA交通圖像檢測(cè)系統(tǒng),首先分析了 PC構(gòu)架的交通視頻檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的弊端,其次,本文從穩(wěn)定性、可靠性、開(kāi)發(fā)經(jīng)濟(jì)性以及效率等方面的考慮,結(jié)合軟件仿真分析,提出以FPGA作為圖形處理器的設(shè)計(jì)方案。利用FPGA實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)圖像處理,在很大程度上增加了車(chē)輛檢測(cè)的方便性和靈活性。本論文主要從以下兩點(diǎn)進(jìn)行研究:1、軟件仿真。針對(duì)現(xiàn)有道路交通圖像的實(shí)際情況以及特點(diǎn),為了提高后續(xù)交通處理的準(zhǔn)確度和方便硬件設(shè)計(jì),利用OpenCV工具對(duì)交通圖像的預(yù)處理、降噪、運(yùn)動(dòng)車(chē)輛檢測(cè)和圖像邊緣檢測(cè)進(jìn)行了軟件的仿真以及驗(yàn)證,使用更合理、簡(jiǎn)便的圖像處理方式。2、基于FPGA的系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)方面。根據(jù)論文第一部分的軟件仿真分析結(jié)果,以及FPGA自身特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)了由交通圖像數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊,交通圖像數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)模塊和交通圖像處理模塊組成的交通圖像檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)較好地解決了圖像采集、圖像分析等問(wèn)題,為以后智能交通系統(tǒng)的功能拓展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。本文所有交通圖像處理算法均在OpenCV中進(jìn)行仿真驗(yàn)證,并在FPGA中進(jìn)行了實(shí)現(xiàn)。結(jié)合交通系統(tǒng)要求的可靠性與實(shí)時(shí)性,本文涉及到的FPGA各個(gè)功能模塊代碼用Verilog語(yǔ)言寫(xiě)成,最后經(jīng)過(guò)系統(tǒng)的板級(jí)調(diào)試表明,能較好地完成交通圖像處理與檢測(cè)等工作,而且本文的研究?jī)?nèi)容對(duì)其他場(chǎng)合的圖像處理及檢測(cè)技術(shù)也有一定的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the rapid development of social economy, the number of various kinds of means of transportation has increased substantially, which has also led to the continuous increase of urban traffic density, the emergence of various traffic accidents in endlessly, and the increasing concern of people from all walks of life about the level of urban traffic. The traditional reliance on manpower to coordinate and direct traffic can no longer meet the demand. With the development of digital image processing technology, The intelligent traffic management system based on image processing technology has become one of the hotspots in the society. Intelligent traffic management system can effectively help cities alleviate road congestion, reduce the probability of accidents, and effectively improve traffic efficiency. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the traffic image detection system based on FPGA. Firstly, the disadvantages of the traffic video detection system based on PC are analyzed. Secondly, the stability, reliability, development economy and efficiency are considered in this paper. Combined with the software simulation analysis, the design scheme of using FPGA as graphics processor is put forward. Real time image processing is realized by using FPGA. To a great extent, it increases the convenience and flexibility of vehicle detection. This paper mainly studies the following two aspects: 1, software simulation. According to the actual situation and characteristics of the existing road traffic images, In order to improve the accuracy and convenient hardware design of the subsequent traffic processing, the traffic image preprocessing, noise reduction, moving vehicle detection and image edge detection are simulated and verified by using the OpenCV tool, and the use is more reasonable. The simple image processing method. 2. Based on the system implementation of FPGA. According to the results of software simulation and analysis of the first part of the paper, and the characteristics of FPGA itself, the traffic image data acquisition module is designed. The traffic image detection system is composed of traffic image data storage module and traffic image processing module. All the traffic image processing algorithms are simulated in OpenCV and implemented in FPGA. The code of each function module of FPGA involved in this paper is written in Verilog language. Finally, the system board debugging shows that traffic image processing and detection can be completed well. And the research content of this paper also has certain reference value to the image processing and detection technology of other occasions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP391.41

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