發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-04 04:39

  本文選題：玉米　切入點(diǎn)：株高　出處：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：玉米是重要的糧食作物,也是重要的飼料與能源作物,提高玉米產(chǎn)量意義重大。育種上主要通過(guò)提高玉米單株產(chǎn)量和種植密度來(lái)提高產(chǎn)量。合理的株高對(duì)玉米的種植密度、抗倒伏能力、光合作用效率等有重要影響,克隆株高關(guān)鍵基因,仍然是解析株高遺傳機(jī)制的重要手段之一。本研究在對(duì)一個(gè)株高QTL初步定位的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)結(jié)合轉(zhuǎn)錄組測(cè)序分析等手段進(jìn)行株高QTL的精細(xì)定位,得到結(jié)果如下:1.利用DE3BY815的RIL群體在3號(hào)染色體末端定位到一個(gè)株高主效QTL,后代測(cè)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明這個(gè)QTL是真實(shí)存在的,并且候選區(qū)段約為1Mb,通過(guò)精細(xì)定位將候選區(qū)段縮小到了約600Kb;2.B73參考基因組表明這1Mb區(qū)段內(nèi)共有31個(gè)基因,16個(gè)位于600Kb的候選區(qū)段內(nèi)。通過(guò)對(duì)玉米葉片轉(zhuǎn)錄組測(cè)序發(fā)現(xiàn)1Mb區(qū)間內(nèi)有5個(gè)基因存在表達(dá)差異,2個(gè)位于600Kb的候選區(qū)段內(nèi);3.通過(guò)分析這31個(gè)基因的基因注釋,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)有8個(gè)基因可能與株高有關(guān);這8個(gè)基因中有4個(gè)位于600Kb的候選區(qū)段內(nèi);4.結(jié)合基因注釋與轉(zhuǎn)錄組分析,我們推測(cè)基因GRMZM2G177227可能是株高的候選基因,但仍然需要深入的功能驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:Maize is an important food crop, as well as an important feed and energy crop. It is of great significance to increase maize yield. The ability to resist lodging and the efficiency of photosynthesis play an important role. Cloning key genes of plant height is still one of the important means to analyze the genetic mechanism of plant height. This study is based on the preliminary mapping of a plant height QTL. By means of transcriptome sequencing and other methods, the following results were obtained: 1. Using the RIL population of DE3BY815 to locate a plant height major QTL at the end of chromosome 3, the results of progeny test showed that the QTL was real. The candidate region was about 1Mb, and the candidate region was reduced to about 600kb 2.B73 reference genome by fine location. The results showed that there were 31 genes in the 1Mb region and 16 were located in the candidate region of 600Kb. The sequence of transcriptome in maize leaves was found by sequencing. In 1Mb region, 5 genes were expressed differently, and 2 genes were located in the candidate region of 600Kb. By analyzing the gene annotation of these 31 genes, We found that 8 genes may be related to plant height, and 4 of these genes are located in the candidate region of 600Kb. Combined with gene annotation and transcriptome analysis, we speculate that gene GRMZM2G177227 may be a candidate gene for plant height. However, in-depth functional verification is still needed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S513

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