【摘要】：近年來,隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅猛發(fā)展,一系列社會(huì)問題也接踵而至:人口老齡化加劇、人口預(yù)期壽命延長、慢性病患病率逐漸提高……這些問題無一不指向老年長期護(hù)理問題,即我國存在巨大老年長期護(hù)理需求。然而,縱觀當(dāng)今中國社會(huì),家庭規(guī)模小型化、社會(huì)養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)展不健全、商業(yè)保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展有待完善、護(hù)理人員基本素質(zhì)缺乏等問題使得長期護(hù)理供給嚴(yán)重不足,這種不足表現(xiàn)為質(zhì)和量的雙重不足。為解決長期護(hù)理需求與供給嚴(yán)重失衡的情況,在借鑒日、美等發(fā)達(dá)國家建立長期護(hù)理社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制度的基礎(chǔ)上,通過實(shí)際調(diào)研的方式深入了解人們對(duì)于這項(xiàng)制度的接受和認(rèn)可態(tài)度,找到影響長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)需求的因素,進(jìn)而提出相應(yīng)的對(duì)策建議,為未來該制度的建立和推行提供決策依據(jù)。實(shí)際調(diào)研過程中,在對(duì)大量文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行綜述性分析的基礎(chǔ)上編制調(diào)查問卷,以山東省青島市作為樣本地,通過社會(huì)調(diào)查和SPSS分析相結(jié)合的方式對(duì)該市居民關(guān)于長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)的態(tài)度和認(rèn)可度進(jìn)行研究,找到影響人們對(duì)長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)需求的主要因素,進(jìn)而提出有針對(duì)性的對(duì)策建議,以期為該制度的建立和發(fā)展提供借鑒。首先從受訪者的個(gè)人特征層面、健康層面、經(jīng)濟(jì)層面、意識(shí)形態(tài)層面四方面分別進(jìn)行分析,意識(shí)形態(tài)層面又可以分成認(rèn)知因素、觀念因素、信任因素。為使研究更加簡(jiǎn)便、直接,將“長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)需求”類比為經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中的“需求”,運(yùn)用需求是“意愿”和“能力”的有機(jī)結(jié)合,將長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)需求類比為“參保意愿”和“參保決策”,通過分別研究多種因素對(duì)這兩個(gè)變量的影響,最終得出長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)需求的主要影響因素。實(shí)證分析結(jié)果表明,所構(gòu)建的影響因素指標(biāo)體系對(duì)長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)需求的影響顯著。健康因素、經(jīng)濟(jì)因素、保險(xiǎn)意識(shí)、防范風(fēng)險(xiǎn)意識(shí)、保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用分擔(dān)認(rèn)知、參保意識(shí)以及國家政策因素對(duì)長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)的需求存在影響,其中,健康因素和經(jīng)濟(jì)因素對(duì)長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)的影響程度最為顯著,而繳費(fèi)方式、保險(xiǎn)公司經(jīng)營狀況和個(gè)體特征因素對(duì)長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)的需求沒有顯著影響。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, a series of social problems have followed: the aging of the population, the prolongation of life expectancy, and the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases. All these problems point to the problem of long-term care for the elderly, that is, there is a huge demand for long-term care for the elderly in China. However, the problems of miniaturization of family size, imperfect development of social pension institutions, development of commercial insurance and lack of basic quality of nursing staff make long-term nursing supply seriously insufficient. This deficiency is manifested in the double deficiency of quality and quantity. In order to solve the serious imbalance between the demand and supply of long-term nursing care, based on the establishment of long-term care social insurance system in developed countries such as Japan and the United States, Through the way of actual investigation, we can deeply understand the acceptance and approbation attitude of people to this system, find out the factors that affect the demand of long-term care insurance, and then put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions, and provide the decision basis for the establishment and implementation of the system in the future. In the process of actual investigation, based on the comprehensive analysis of a large number of documents, the questionnaire was compiled, and Qingdao City, Shandong Province, was taken as a sample. Through the combination of social investigation and SPSS analysis, this paper studies the attitude and recognition of the residents on long-term care insurance in the city, finds out the main factors that affect people's demand for long-term care insurance, and then puts forward some targeted countermeasures and suggestions. In order to provide reference for the establishment and development of the system. First of all, we analyze the interviewees from the aspects of personal characteristics, health, economy and ideology, which can be divided into cognitive factors, conceptual factors and trust factors. In order to make the research easier and more direct, the "long-term care insurance demand" is compared to the "need" in economics, and the application of demand is an organic combination of "will" and "ability". This paper compares the demand of long-term care insurance with that of "willingness to participate in insurance" and "policy of participating in insurance". By studying the influence of many factors on these two variables, the main influencing factors of demand for long-term care insurance are obtained. The results of empirical analysis show that the impact of the established indicator system on long-term care insurance demand is significant. Health factors, economic factors, insurance awareness, awareness of risk prevention, awareness of insurance cost sharing, participation awareness and national policy factors have an impact on the demand for long-term care insurance, among which, Health factors and economic factors had the most significant influence on the long-term care insurance, but the way of payment, the operating status of insurance companies and the individual characteristics had no significant influence on the demand for long-term care insurance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F842.6

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