發(fā)布時間：2018-05-26 23:29

  本文選題：中小企業(yè) + 出口信用保險　； 參考：《吉林財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著貿(mào)易全球化的不斷深入，我國對外貿(mào)易取得了突飛猛進的發(fā)展，國際貿(mào)易已成為我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要支柱。當前，國際市場競爭激烈，貿(mào)易環(huán)境復(fù)雜多變，我國出口企業(yè)面臨著巨大的政治風(fēng)險和信用風(fēng)險。中小企業(yè)，作為我國國民經(jīng)濟的主力軍，已越來越多地參與到對外貿(mào)易中來，希望在國際市場中尋求更廣闊的發(fā)展空間。在開展對外貿(mào)易的過程中，中小企業(yè)不但受到自身規(guī)模小、資金有限、風(fēng)險管理經(jīng)驗不足等特點的限制，也受到國際貿(mào)易壁壘、人民幣升值壓力、宏觀管理體制落后、融資困難等因素的阻礙，使其常常有單不敢接，在國際競爭中喪失了貿(mào)易機會。 出口信用保險，作為國家支持出口貿(mào)易的政策性金融工具，不但為中小企業(yè)提供了風(fēng)險咨詢服務(wù)和損失補償服務(wù)，還有助于其采取靈活的貿(mào)易結(jié)算方式、開拓國際市場、獲得貿(mào)易融資、實現(xiàn)成功上市，充分體現(xiàn)了出口信用保險對中小企業(yè)發(fā)展的助推作用。中國出口信用保險公司（下稱“中信�！保┦怯晌覈�政府支持成立的全資性保險機構(gòu)，經(jīng)營政策性出口信用保險業(yè)務(wù)，是我國對外貿(mào)易的保護傘。在其成立后，我國的出口信用保險得到了快速的發(fā)展，但是監(jiān)管制度不完善、法律法規(guī)缺失、宣傳力度欠缺、投保方式單一、投保費率過高、申請周期過長等問題仍然形成著巨大的制約。這其中有政府功能不完善的原因，有企業(yè)保險意識匱乏的原因，但最主要的原因是中信保的壟斷經(jīng)營模式。因此，探尋適合我國國情及中小企業(yè)特點的出口信用保險模式緊急且重要。筆者通過學(xué)習(xí)國際上成熟的出口信用保險模式，在總結(jié)其經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上，得出，我國中小企業(yè)出口信用保險應(yīng)分階段逐步從政策性模式向商業(yè)性模式轉(zhuǎn)化，最終實行商業(yè)性業(yè)務(wù)的完全商業(yè)化運營。針對中小企業(yè)出口信用保險中存在的問題，，應(yīng)從國家、出口信用保險機構(gòu)、中小企業(yè)三方面加強對出口信用保險制度的完善，國家機關(guān)應(yīng)通過建立健全的出口信用保險法規(guī)、建立有效的部際協(xié)調(diào)機制、加大財政支持力度來發(fā)揮其職能。出口信用保險機構(gòu)應(yīng)通過拓寬業(yè)務(wù)范圍、便捷投保方式、降低保險費率、選擇合適的經(jīng)營模式等方式來提升其業(yè)務(wù)能力。中小企業(yè)也應(yīng)該加強自我完善，不斷強化保險意識，逐漸提升風(fēng)險管理水平。相信，在各方的共同努力下，出口信用保險一定會更好地發(fā)揮其作用，促進中小企業(yè)發(fā)展，為我國中小企業(yè)對外貿(mào)易保駕護航。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of trade globalization, China's foreign trade has made rapid progress. International trade has become an important pillar of China's economic development. At present, the international market competition is fierce and the trade environment is complex and changeable. China's export enterprises are facing huge political risks and credit risks. Small and medium-sized enterprises are the national economy of our country. The main force has been more and more involved in foreign trade, hoping to find a wider space for development in the international market. In the process of foreign trade, small and medium-sized enterprises are not only limited by their own small scale, limited funds, and lack of risk management experience, but also under the international trade barriers, the pressure of RMB appreciation. The hindrance of factors such as backward management system, financing difficulties and other factors often make them afraid to meet and lose trade opportunities in international competition.
Export credit insurance, as a policy financial tool for the state to support export trade, not only provides risk consulting services and loss compensation services for small and medium-sized enterprises, but also helps them adopt flexible trade settlement methods, open up international markets, obtain trade financing, achieve successful listing, and fully reflect the export credit insurance to small and medium-sized enterprises. The China Export and Credit Insurance Corp (hereinafter referred to as "CITIC insurance") is a wholly funded insurance institution supported by the government of our government to operate the policy oriented export credit insurance business. It is a protective umbrella for China's foreign trade. After its establishment, China's export credit insurance has been rapidly developed, but the regulatory system is not perfect. The lack of laws and regulations, lack of publicity, a single way of insurance, high rate of insurance and the long application cycle still form a huge restriction. There are reasons for the imperfect function of the government, the reason for the lack of enterprise insurance awareness, but the most important reason is the monopoly mode of CITIC insurance. Therefore, it is suitable for China to explore the suitable state of China. The export credit insurance model with the characteristics of small and medium enterprises is urgent and important. By studying the international mature export credit insurance model and summarizing the experience, it is concluded that the export credit insurance of China's SMEs should be gradually transformed from the policy mode to the commercial model in stages, and the commercial business should be completed at the end. Commercial operation. In view of the problems existing in the export credit insurance of small and medium-sized enterprises, we should improve the export credit insurance system from three aspects of the state, export credit insurance institutions and small and medium enterprises. The state organs should establish an effective inter ministerial coordination mechanism by establishing sound export credit insurance regulations and increasing the financial support. The export credit insurance institution should enhance its business capability by widening the scope of business, convenient insurance method, reducing the insurance rate and choosing the appropriate mode of operation. Small and medium enterprises should also strengthen self-improvement, constantly strengthen the awareness of insurance, and gradually improve the management level of wind insurance. Oral credit insurance will play a better role in promoting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and escort the foreign trade of small and medium-sized enterprises in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F842.682;F276.3

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本文編號：1939408