發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-24 16:28

  本文選題：新農(nóng)保 + 基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金��； 參考：《東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展、人們生活質(zhì)量的提高以及醫(yī)療技術(shù)的提升,我國人口的平均壽命在逐漸延長,再加上我國自20世紀(jì)70年代以來所實(shí)行的計(jì)劃生育政策,使得我國老年人口的比例越來越大。據(jù)全國第六次人口普查數(shù)據(jù)的計(jì)算,我國60周歲以上老年人口占全國總?cè)丝诘谋壤�約為13%,已超過國際上規(guī)定的老齡化社會(huì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。我國60周歲以上老年人中約有56%以上生活在農(nóng)村,農(nóng)村60周歲以上人口占農(nóng)村總?cè)丝诒壤�也遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于城市,這充分表明我國農(nóng)村的老齡化程度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于城市。此外,隨著我國農(nóng)村家庭的小型化以及土地養(yǎng)老功能的逐漸弱化,農(nóng)村傳統(tǒng)的養(yǎng)老方式已無法滿足農(nóng)村居民的養(yǎng)老需求。因此,迫切需要建立和完善農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度以緩解農(nóng)村居民的養(yǎng)老壓力。為解決農(nóng)村居民的養(yǎng)老問題,政府自1986年以來一直積極探索適合我國農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平的養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度。但是由于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平較低以及制度設(shè)計(jì)等方面的原因,我國的老農(nóng)保并沒有真正緩解農(nóng)村居民的養(yǎng)老問題,最后政府決定停辦。在總結(jié)老農(nóng)保教訓(xùn)的基礎(chǔ)上,我國2009年9月1日開始試點(diǎn)推行新型農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度(簡(jiǎn)稱新農(nóng)保)。新農(nóng)保與老農(nóng)保最大的不同在于,新農(nóng)保有了各級(jí)政府的補(bǔ)助,是我國繼取消農(nóng)業(yè)稅、實(shí)行農(nóng)業(yè)直補(bǔ)、建立新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度后又一項(xiàng)惠農(nóng)政策。新農(nóng)保的財(cái)政補(bǔ)助政策不僅提高了農(nóng)村居民參加社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的積極性,而且在一定程度上減輕了農(nóng)村居民的養(yǎng)老負(fù)擔(dān)。新農(nóng)保的財(cái)政補(bǔ)助主要分為進(jìn)口補(bǔ)貼和出口補(bǔ)貼兩個(gè)部分。其中,出口補(bǔ)貼是指政府在待遇支付環(huán)節(jié)通過發(fā)放基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金的形式給予的補(bǔ)貼�；�礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金具有國家普惠制養(yǎng)老金的性質(zhì),只要符合所規(guī)定的領(lǐng)取條件就可以領(lǐng)取,領(lǐng)取額的多少一般與個(gè)人繳費(fèi)多少無關(guān),資金的籌集完全來自于政府。基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金賬戶的建立不僅體現(xiàn)了新農(nóng)保作為一種社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度所具有的福利性、互濟(jì)性的特征,體現(xiàn)了政府對(duì)農(nóng)村老年群體基本生存權(quán)的重視,而且對(duì)于縮小不同省份間、城市與鄉(xiāng)村間的收入差距發(fā)揮了重大的作用。 本文在搜集大量政策資料、數(shù)據(jù)以及相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,從基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金的領(lǐng)取條件、領(lǐng)取標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、籌資機(jī)制三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了剖析,力圖發(fā)現(xiàn)基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金運(yùn)行過程中所出現(xiàn)的問題,并根據(jù)所發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題提出了完善基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金的具體建議,以供政策制定者參考。 本文由以下四個(gè)章節(jié)組成： 第一章：緒論。在這一章節(jié)主要介紹了論文選題背景和研究意義、國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、研究方法、本文的結(jié)構(gòu)安排以及本文的創(chuàng)新與不足。 第二章：相關(guān)概念與理論基礎(chǔ)。在這一部分,首先介紹了與本文緊密聯(lián)系的三個(gè)概念,即社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)、新型農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)、基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金,通過對(duì)這三個(gè)概念的界定,來明確本文的研究對(duì)象；然后介紹了建立新農(nóng)�；�礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金賬戶的三個(gè)主要理論,包括社會(huì)公平理論、消費(fèi)理論和基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金適度性理論,本文運(yùn)用這三個(gè)理論分析了建立新農(nóng)�；�礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金賬戶的作用與必要性以及基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定時(shí)應(yīng)該考慮的因素。 第三章：我國新農(nóng)�；�礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金現(xiàn)狀分析。在這一部分從基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金的三個(gè)主要方面進(jìn)行分析,首先是基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金給付條件的分析；然后是基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金的給付標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分析；最后是基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金的籌資機(jī)制分析。 第四章：完善我國新農(nóng)保基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金的建議。該部分是針對(duì)前面我國新農(nóng)保基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金分析中所發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題而提出的解決辦法。
[Abstract]:With the development of China's economy, the improvement of people's quality of life and the improvement of medical technology, the average life span of our population has been gradually extended, and the family planning policy implemented since 1970s has made the proportion of the elderly population more and more large. According to the data of the Sixth National census, China is 60. The proportion of older people over the age of the year accounts for about 13% of the total population in the country. It has exceeded the standard of aging society as stipulated in the world. About 56% of the elderly people over 60 years old live in rural areas, and the proportion of the population over 60 years old in rural areas is far greater than that of the city, which fully indicates that the aging degree of rural areas is far greater in China. In addition, with the miniaturization of the rural families and the gradual weakening of the function of the land for the aged, the traditional old-age mode in the countryside is unable to meet the needs of the rural residents. Therefore, it is urgent to establish and improve the rural endowment insurance system in order to alleviate the pressure on the old age of the rural residents. Since 1986, the government has been actively exploring the old-age insurance system which is suitable for the level of rural economic development. However, due to the low level of economic development and institutional design, the old farmers' Insurance in China has not really alleviated the problem of rural residents' pension, and finally the government will decide to stop. In September 1, 2009, China began to pilot a new rural social endowment insurance system (abbreviated as new agricultural insurance). The biggest difference between the new agricultural insurance and the old farmer's insurance is that the new farmers have the subsidies at all levels of the government. It is our country to abolish agricultural tax, implement agricultural direct subsidy and establish a new rural cooperative medical insurance system. The fiscal subsidy policy not only improves the enthusiasm of the rural residents to take part in social endowment insurance, but also reduces the burden of the rural residents to a certain extent. The financial subsidies of the new agricultural insurance are mainly divided into two parts: import subsidies and export subsidies. The basic pension has the nature of the national pension system, which can be collected as long as it is in accordance with the required conditions. The amount of the payment is generally not related to the amount of personal contributions, and the collection of funds is entirely from the government. The establishment of the basic pension account not only embodies the new agricultural insurance as a social endowment. The welfare and mutual benefit of the insurance system embodies the government's attention to the basic survival right of the elderly in rural areas, and plays a significant role in reducing the income gap between the different provinces and between the cities and the countryside.
On the basis of collecting a large amount of policy information, data and related documents, this paper analyzes the three aspects of the basic pension system, including the conditions of the basic pension, the receiving standard and the financing mechanism, and tries to find out the problems in the operation of the basic pension, and puts forward some specific suggestions to improve the basic pension according to the problems found. Policy makers refer to.
This article is composed of the following four chapters:
The first chapter is introduction. In this chapter, it mainly introduces the background and significance of the thesis, the research status at home and abroad, the research methods, the structure of this paper and the innovation and deficiency of this article.
The second chapter: related concepts and theoretical basis. In this part, first of all, it introduces three concepts closely related to this article, namely social endowment insurance, new rural social endowment insurance, basic pension, through the definition of these three concepts, to clarify the research object of this article, and then introduce the establishment of the new agricultural insurance basic pension account. The three main theories, including social equity theory, consumption theory and the theory of basic pension moderation, use these three theories to analyze the role and necessity of establishing the new pension account for the new agro insurance and the factors that should be considered when the basic pension standard is formulated.
The third chapter: the analysis of the basic pension status of the new agricultural insurance in China. In this part, it analyzes the three main aspects of the basic pension, first of all, the analysis of the basic pension payment conditions; then the analysis of the standard pension payment standard; finally, the analysis of the fund-raising mechanism of the basic pension.
The fourth chapter: the proposal to improve the basic pension of the new agricultural insurance in China. This part is a solution to the problems found in the analysis of the basic pension pension of the new agricultural insurance in front of China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F323.89;F842.67

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