本文選題：遠程實驗 + 任務調(diào)度　； 參考：《四川師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著網(wǎng)絡技術和信息技術的發(fā)展,遠程教育逐漸普及,尤其是近年來大規(guī)模推廣的大型開放式網(wǎng)絡課程(Massive Open Online Courses,MOOC)和小規(guī)模限制性在線課程(Small Private Online Course,SPOC),使遠程教育中實踐難的問題逐漸突顯,遠程實驗系統(tǒng)也逐漸成為各高校和研究機構的研究熱點�，F(xiàn)有數(shù)字系統(tǒng)實驗的遠程平臺主要采用計算機為載體的體系架構,存在成本高,體積大等缺陷,也不符合物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展趨勢。針對這一問題,本文繼承性提出了一種基于嵌入式系統(tǒng)的遠程實驗體系架構,將Web服務器、實驗服務器、視頻服務器等全部集中設計到嵌入式系統(tǒng)中,以達到遠程實驗系統(tǒng)微型化、低成本的目標,也便于集成在實驗設備中,實現(xiàn)實驗設備的智能化。與計算機相比,嵌入式系統(tǒng)處理能力孱弱,要實現(xiàn)基于嵌入式系統(tǒng)的遠程實驗體系架構需要解決三個關鍵技術,即在嵌入式系統(tǒng)中實現(xiàn)優(yōu)化的任務調(diào)度算法、實現(xiàn)視頻的實時采集與傳輸以及基于嵌入式的FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)遠程配置。針對實驗系統(tǒng)的任務調(diào)度算法,本文研究了計算機網(wǎng)絡中的基于集群技術的Web服務器系統(tǒng)的架構和理論模型,對比分析了幾種Web服務器的常用任務調(diào)度算法。針對嵌入式系統(tǒng)的特殊性,利用排隊論對遠程實驗系統(tǒng)中任務調(diào)度進行了數(shù)學建模,并對基于內(nèi)容分發(fā)的多種類型任務輪轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)度算法(Multi-Class Round Robin,MC-RR)進行了參數(shù)調(diào)優(yōu),使之能夠滿足嵌入式遠程實驗系統(tǒng)中負載均衡和實時性等要求。針對視頻的實時采集與傳輸,本文詳細研究了嵌入式系統(tǒng)中視頻采集與傳輸?shù)膶崿F(xiàn)方案。采用了V4L2(Video 4 Linux 2)驅(qū)動框架控制符合UVC(USB Video Class)規(guī)范的攝像頭進行視頻圖像的采集,利用TCP/IP的Socket編程方式,實現(xiàn)了視頻的實時采集和傳輸,并可在瀏覽器上進行觀看。針對基于嵌入式的FPGA遠程配置,本文詳細研究了利用ARM對FPGA的遠程配置方案。利用Jam STAPL在嵌入式系統(tǒng)中成功移植了Jam Player,在嵌入式平臺中實現(xiàn)了FPGA的JTAG(Joint Test Action Group)方式配置。幾項關鍵技術的研究表明,基于嵌入式系統(tǒng)的遠程實驗體系架構可以很好地滿足遠程數(shù)字系統(tǒng)實驗平臺的需要,可有效實現(xiàn)設備的智能化,并降低遠程實驗系統(tǒng)的成本。
[Abstract]:With the development of network technology and information technology, distance education is becoming more and more popular.In particular, the large-scale open Open Online course (massive Open Online course) and the small Private Online course (small Private Online course), which have been widely popularized in recent years, have made the problem of practice difficult in distance education more and more obvious.Remote experiment system has gradually become the research hotspot of universities and research institutions.The existing remote platform of digital system experiment mainly adopts the architecture of computer as the carrier, which has the defects of high cost and large volume, and does not accord with the development trend of the Internet of things.In order to solve this problem, this paper presents a remote experiment architecture based on embedded system. The Web server, experimental server and video server are all designed into embedded system.In order to achieve the goal of miniaturization and low cost of remote experiment system, it is convenient to integrate in the experimental equipment and realize the intelligence of the experimental equipment.Compared with the computer, the embedded system is weak in processing ability. In order to realize the remote experiment architecture based on the embedded system, three key technologies need to be solved, that is, to realize the optimized task scheduling algorithm in the embedded system.Real-time video capture and transmission and remote configuration based on embedded FPGA(Field Programmable Gate are realized.Aiming at the task scheduling algorithm of experimental system, this paper studies the architecture and theoretical model of Web server system based on cluster technology in computer network, and compares and analyzes several common task scheduling algorithms of Web server.According to the particularity of embedded system, the task scheduling in remote experiment system is modeled by queuing theory, and the multi-class Round Robin MC-RRR algorithm based on content distribution is optimized.It can meet the requirements of load balance and real-time in embedded remote experiment system.Aiming at the real-time video acquisition and transmission, this paper studies the implementation of video capture and transmission in embedded system in detail.The frame of V4L2(Video 4 Linux 2) is used to control the capture of video image by the camera which conforms to the UVC(USB Video Class specification. The real-time acquisition and transmission of video are realized by using the Socket programming mode of TCP/IP, and the video can be viewed on the browser.Aiming at the remote configuration of FPGA based on embedded system, this paper studies the remote configuration scheme of FPGA using ARM in detail.Jam player is successfully transplanted into embedded system by using Jam STAPL, and JTAG(Joint Test Action Group of FPGA is implemented in embedded platform.The research of several key technologies shows that the remote experiment architecture based on embedded system can meet the needs of the remote digital system experiment platform, realize the intelligence of the equipment and reduce the cost of the remote experiment system.
【學位授予單位】：四川師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G434

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