發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-01 18:32

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 大德育 心理健康教育 表達(dá)性藝術(shù)治療 工讀學(xué)生 團(tuán)體心理輔導(dǎo)　出處：《江西理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：工讀教育是預(yù)防青少年違法犯罪的重要組成部分,但多年以來的工讀教育手段單一,近年來,心理學(xué)的方法已經(jīng)逐漸滲入到中小學(xué)、大學(xué)等普通學(xué)校教育和工讀學(xué)校等特殊教育領(lǐng)域。應(yīng)用心理學(xué)方法對(duì)工讀學(xué)生進(jìn)行輔導(dǎo)教育既是馬克思主義人本思想的貫徹與落實(shí),也是大德育的一項(xiàng)重要內(nèi)容。2017年新年伊始,國(guó)家衛(wèi)生計(jì)生委與中宣部、教育部、公安部、司法部等22個(gè)部委聯(lián)合發(fā)文《關(guān)于加強(qiáng)心理健康服務(wù)的指導(dǎo)性意見》,文件強(qiáng)調(diào)了要加強(qiáng)心理健康教育,明確開展社會(huì)心理疏導(dǎo)是維護(hù)增進(jìn)人民群眾心理健康的重要內(nèi)容,是社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀內(nèi)化于心、外化于行的重要關(guān)鍵途徑。叛逆、難于管教的工讀學(xué)生作為不被普通教育接納的一個(gè)群體,高屋建瓴式的教育方法無(wú)法發(fā)揮出作用,而心理學(xué)方法的應(yīng)用能從教育對(duì)象的人格特點(diǎn)出發(fā),以充分尊重和理解信任為基礎(chǔ),一改工讀學(xué)校傳統(tǒng)的軍事化管制的手段,從“心”入手,能最大程度發(fā)揮出教育轉(zhuǎn)化的作用,結(jié)合近幾年的研究成果和轉(zhuǎn)型成功的工讀學(xué)校例子來看,利用心理學(xué)方法對(duì)工讀生進(jìn)行疏導(dǎo)已成為現(xiàn)今工讀教育者的一個(gè)共識(shí)。表達(dá)性藝術(shù)治療作為心理治療和輔導(dǎo)的一種方法因其生動(dòng)有趣、充分自由表達(dá)的設(shè)置能讓被貼上“問題孩子”標(biāo)簽的工讀生非常易于接受。本研究對(duì)江西省某市工讀學(xué)校學(xué)生進(jìn)行了長(zhǎng)達(dá)4個(gè)月的兩種不同形式的表達(dá)性藝術(shù)治療團(tuán)體心理輔導(dǎo):一組進(jìn)行單純的繪畫心理輔導(dǎo);一組應(yīng)用繪畫、舞蹈、手工、游戲、即興劇、剪貼畫六種方式的表達(dá)性手段進(jìn)行團(tuán)體心理輔導(dǎo)。輔導(dǎo)前后分別對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對(duì)照組進(jìn)行《心理健康診斷測(cè)試MHT》量表測(cè)試,研究表明,在輔導(dǎo)前的前測(cè)均值上,實(shí)驗(yàn)組與對(duì)照組其MHT各項(xiàng)維度并不存在顯著差異,但是經(jīng)過12次的團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo)后,在“學(xué)習(xí)焦慮”維度上,綜合實(shí)驗(yàn)組輔導(dǎo)后均值顯著低于對(duì)照組。“過敏傾向”維度上,繪畫實(shí)驗(yàn)組與綜合輔導(dǎo)組兩組實(shí)驗(yàn)組在輔導(dǎo)后均值皆顯著低于對(duì)照組;“沖動(dòng)傾向”維度上,輔導(dǎo)后的綜合實(shí)驗(yàn)組不僅顯著低于輔導(dǎo)后的繪畫組并且還非常顯著低于對(duì)照組,說明表達(dá)性藝術(shù)治療的輔導(dǎo)形式在工讀學(xué)校開展是有效的。
[Abstract]:Work-study education is an important part of the prevention of juvenile delinquency. However, for many years, the means of work-study education have been single. In recent years, psychological methods have gradually penetrated into primary and secondary schools. In the field of special education, such as universities, general schools and work-study schools, it is not only the implementation and implementation of Marxist humanism, but also an important part of moral education to apply the psychological method to the guidance and education of work-study students. At the beginning of the new year in 2017, The State Health and Family Planning Commission, together with the propaganda Department of the Central Committee, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Justice, and other 22 ministries and commissions jointly issued "guiding opinions on strengthening Mental Health Services." the document stressed the need to strengthen mental health education. Clear development of social psychological guidance is an important content to maintain and promote the people's mental health, and an important key way to internalize and externalize the socialist core values in the mind. As a group that is not accepted by the general education, the hard-to-discipline work-study students can not play a role in the method of education, but the application of the psychological method can proceed from the personality characteristics of the educational object. On the basis of full respect for and understanding of trust, a change in the traditional militarized control means of work-study schools, starting with "heart", can maximize the role of educational transformation. Considering the research results of recent years and the successful examples of work-study schools, It has become a common understanding of today's working-reading educators to use psychological methods to channel students. Expressive art therapy as a method of psychotherapy and counseling is interesting because of its vividness. Fully free expression can make students who are labeled "problem children" very easy to accept. This study carried out two different forms of expressive art for students in a city of Jiangxi province for up to four months. Therapy group psychological counseling: a group of simple painting psychological counseling; In one group, six expressive methods of painting, dancing, handwork, game, improvisation and clip painting were used to conduct group psychological counseling. The mental health diagnosis test (MHT) scale was performed on the experimental group and the control group before and after the counseling. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the MHT dimensions between the experimental group and the control group, but after 12 group counseling, there was no significant difference in the "learning anxiety" dimension between the experimental group and the control group. The mean value of the comprehensive experimental group after counseling was significantly lower than that of the control group. In the "allergy" dimension, the mean value of the painting experimental group and the comprehensive counseling group was significantly lower than that of the control group, while the "impulsive tendency" dimension was significantly lower than that of the control group. The comprehensive experimental group after tutoring was not only significantly lower than the painting group but also very significantly lower than the control group, which indicated that the guidance form of expressive art therapy was effective in the work-study school.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G448;G765

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