基于國際科學素養(yǎng)測評項目理念的高考化學開放性試題分析
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-14 14:12
【摘要】：自我國實施新課程改革以來已經(jīng)十多年,其中課程評價改革正在成為基礎(chǔ)教育課程改革的難點,對于如何優(yōu)化課程改革評價,促進科學素養(yǎng)的全面落實也一直是國際科學教育的研究主題。國際上關(guān)注教學目標的達成程度,為了有效地檢測目標的達成程度,已研制出有精準的測評工具,如：TIMSS(國際數(shù)學和科學教育趨勢評估), NAEP(國家教育進展評估),PISA(國際學生評價項目)。這些國際測評項目所提供的指標在國際上是很有影響力的,已經(jīng)引起了世界范圍的關(guān)注。同時,他們也代表了國際視野對學生評價的比較先進的水平。我國的評價改革也在逐步的完善,借鑒國際測評項目中所提供的指標對我國科學素養(yǎng)評價工具進行分析。本文從分析國際上具有廣泛影響的三大科學素養(yǎng)測評項目(PISA、NAEP、 TIMSS)入手,分析三大科學素養(yǎng)測評項目對科學素養(yǎng)進行評價的特點,確定分析我國高考化學試題對科學素養(yǎng)考察的視角,進而分析我國高考化學開放性試題進行分析。在分析我國高考化學試題時,本文主要采取縱向分析和橫向分析相結(jié)合的方式,對目標試卷進行縱向分析可以看到從新課改革以來,我國高考化學部分對科學素養(yǎng)的考察呈逐年的提高的趨勢,通過本研究得到各個維度的考察可以改進的方向：情景維度若將問題融合在情景中,會使情景維度更加有意義；過程維度可以變隱性考察為顯性考察,多增加一些科學問題的確認過程和科學探究的考察,將學生的思維過程考察出來；態(tài)度維度可以增加一些顯性的態(tài)度考察,讓學生在自主確認問題的過程中對如何正確的處理問題做出正確的選擇,而不僅僅是讓學生感受科學的力量；知識維度的考察如果與其他學科綜合,真正的理綜試題將會為解決更多的社會和生活中的問題做出貢獻,學生們也會學有所用。
[Abstract]:For more than ten years since the reform of the new curriculum in our country, the curriculum evaluation reform is becoming the difficult point of the curriculum reform of the basic education, and it has been the subject of the international scientific education for how to optimize the evaluation of the curriculum reform and to promote the full implementation of the scientific literacy. International attention is paid to the degree of achievement of the teaching goal. In order to effectively detect the achievement of the goal, an accurate evaluation tool has been developed, such as the TISS (International Mathematical and Scientific Education Trends Assessment), the NAEP (National Education Progress Assessment), and the PISA (International Student Evaluation Project). The indicators provided by these international assessment projects have been internationally influential and have attracted worldwide attention. At the same time, they also represent an advanced level of international vision for student evaluation. The reform of China's evaluation is also in a step-by-step, and the evaluation tools of Chinese science literacy are analyzed by reference to the indicators provided in the international evaluation project. This paper starts with the three major scientific literacy evaluation items (PISA, NEP and TISS) which have a wide impact on the international, analyzes the characteristics of the three major scientific literacy evaluation items to evaluate the scientific literacy, and determines the angle of the examination of the scientific literacy of the national college entrance examination chemistry test questions. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the open test questions of the college entrance examination. In the analysis of the chemical test questions of the college entrance examination in China, this paper mainly adopts the combination of the longitudinal analysis and the horizontal analysis, and the longitudinal analysis of the target test paper can see the trend of the improvement of the scientific literacy in the chemical part of the college entrance examination in China since the reform of the new course. The study of the various dimensions can be improved by this study: if the scene dimension is fused in the scene, the scene dimension is more meaningful; the process dimension can be changed from the recessive investigation into the dominant study, and the confirmation process and the scientific inquiry of some scientific problems can be increased. The study of the students' thought process, the attitude dimension can increase some explicit attitude study, let the students make the correct choice on how to deal with the problem in the course of self-confirmation problem, not only to let the students feel the power of science; The study of the knowledge dimension, if combined with other subjects, will contribute to the solution of more social and life problems, and the students will also learn to use it.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.8
本文編號：2499448
[Abstract]:For more than ten years since the reform of the new curriculum in our country, the curriculum evaluation reform is becoming the difficult point of the curriculum reform of the basic education, and it has been the subject of the international scientific education for how to optimize the evaluation of the curriculum reform and to promote the full implementation of the scientific literacy. International attention is paid to the degree of achievement of the teaching goal. In order to effectively detect the achievement of the goal, an accurate evaluation tool has been developed, such as the TISS (International Mathematical and Scientific Education Trends Assessment), the NAEP (National Education Progress Assessment), and the PISA (International Student Evaluation Project). The indicators provided by these international assessment projects have been internationally influential and have attracted worldwide attention. At the same time, they also represent an advanced level of international vision for student evaluation. The reform of China's evaluation is also in a step-by-step, and the evaluation tools of Chinese science literacy are analyzed by reference to the indicators provided in the international evaluation project. This paper starts with the three major scientific literacy evaluation items (PISA, NEP and TISS) which have a wide impact on the international, analyzes the characteristics of the three major scientific literacy evaluation items to evaluate the scientific literacy, and determines the angle of the examination of the scientific literacy of the national college entrance examination chemistry test questions. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the open test questions of the college entrance examination. In the analysis of the chemical test questions of the college entrance examination in China, this paper mainly adopts the combination of the longitudinal analysis and the horizontal analysis, and the longitudinal analysis of the target test paper can see the trend of the improvement of the scientific literacy in the chemical part of the college entrance examination in China since the reform of the new course. The study of the various dimensions can be improved by this study: if the scene dimension is fused in the scene, the scene dimension is more meaningful; the process dimension can be changed from the recessive investigation into the dominant study, and the confirmation process and the scientific inquiry of some scientific problems can be increased. The study of the students' thought process, the attitude dimension can increase some explicit attitude study, let the students make the correct choice on how to deal with the problem in the course of self-confirmation problem, not only to let the students feel the power of science; The study of the knowledge dimension, if combined with other subjects, will contribute to the solution of more social and life problems, and the students will also learn to use it.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.8
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前6條
1 李莉;門波;;例談新評價體系下高考化學試題設(shè)計理念的更新[J];化學教學;2006年02期
2 王有鵬;;開放性試題的含義、意義、功能及命題原則[J];教學與管理;2007年04期
3 王蕾;;我國大規(guī)模教育評價項目探究與實踐[J];教育科學研究;2007年11期
4 馬晶鑫;;縱向研究——測量變化和解釋因果關(guān)系[J];圖書情報知識;2010年01期
5 王蕾;;科學素養(yǎng)評價工具的建構(gòu)[J];中國教育學刊;2007年09期
6 張布和;;我國學業(yè)成就評價改革現(xiàn)狀及對策[J];中國教育學刊;2009年04期
，本文編號：2499448
本文鏈接：http://lk138.cn/jiaoyulunwen/chuzhongjiaoyu/2499448.html
最近更新
教材專著
