發(fā)布時間：2018-02-23 07:48

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)第三方支付 電子商務 法律監(jiān)管 備付金　出處：《湖南師范大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)高度普及的今天,全球電子商務迅猛發(fā)展,同時網(wǎng)絡第三方支付也應用而生�；ヂ�(lián)網(wǎng)第三方支付位于整個互聯(lián)網(wǎng)交易環(huán)節(jié)的中間,銜接著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)交易過程中的信息流和物流,對依托互聯(lián)網(wǎng)興起的網(wǎng)絡交易的發(fā)展起著重要的作用。它的誕生解決了交易雙方的信任問題,賣家不用擔心發(fā)貨以后收不到貨款,買家也不用擔心付款以后商家不會發(fā)貨,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)第三方支付調(diào)和了傳統(tǒng)支付方式中交易各方的摩擦,開創(chuàng)了一種高效、低成本的貨幣支付模式,給用戶帶來了全新的支付體驗,但作為新生事物,其肯定存在很多不大完善和缺乏規(guī)范的地方,需要加強對其的法律監(jiān)管從而有利于保障交易安全和社會穩(wěn)定。 我國的第三方支付行業(yè)在經(jīng)歷了無法律規(guī)制的迅猛發(fā)展后,2010年隨著《非金融機構(gòu)支付服務管理辦法》及實施細則的頒布,開始正式納入我國金融監(jiān)管體系。但由于各種因素的影響我國在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)第三方支付的立法還十分不成熟、不完善,還存在著立法層級太低、對市場準入機制控制過嚴、備付金使用管理不完善、非法交易監(jiān)控欠缺等一系列的問題,這些問題的存在嚴重的制約了我國電子商務的進一步發(fā)展,也給互聯(lián)網(wǎng)交易活動的開展帶來了很多隱憂。通過借鑒國外成熟的立法監(jiān)管和實踐經(jīng)驗,結(jié)合我國的具體實際,從以下幾個方面來完善我國互聯(lián)網(wǎng)第三方支付的法律監(jiān)管：第一,要提高監(jiān)管立法的法律位階,增強法律效力。第二,建立起分類監(jiān)管和協(xié)作監(jiān)管相結(jié)合的監(jiān)管模式,形成對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)第三方支付的立體的法律監(jiān)管。第三,在已有的市場準入機制的基礎之上適當調(diào)整行業(yè)入門門檻,降低互聯(lián)網(wǎng)第三方支付機構(gòu)注冊資本和資本充足率的要求,發(fā)揮市場的競爭與創(chuàng)新,并建立相應的機構(gòu)退出機制。第四,完善客戶備付金的管理�？蛻魝涓督鹪诘谌�方支付平臺停留產(chǎn)生的利息明確歸屬為客戶,但對支付機構(gòu)不作分配要求。把利息中除10%的風險準備金外的剩余部分購買商業(yè)保險。對客戶備付金的使用不能簡單的禁止挪用,這樣會導致資金的閑置,可以允許第三方支付機構(gòu)有條件的使用這部分資金,投資低風險高流動性的領域,并建立客戶備付金的實時監(jiān)控制度。第五,建立重大事項報告制度,進一步加強人民銀行對第三方支付機構(gòu)的監(jiān)管。第六,盡快構(gòu)建第三方支付機構(gòu)的內(nèi)部控制制度和自我評估制度。建立專門的部門對內(nèi)部授權(quán)業(yè)務進行控制,取消對信用卡透支向第三方支付賬戶充值的授權(quán),防范信用卡套現(xiàn)等危及資金安全的問題。建立第三方支付機構(gòu)的自我評估制度,并定期向人民銀行提交評估報告。
[Abstract]:Today, when the Internet is highly popular, the global electronic commerce is developing rapidly, while the network third-party payment is also applied. The Internet third-party payment is in the middle of the whole Internet transaction link. The convergence of information flow and logistics in the course of Internet transactions plays an important role in the development of online transactions based on the Internet. Its birth solves the problem of trust between the two sides of the transaction, and the seller does not have to worry about receiving the goods after delivery. Buyers do not have to worry that after payment, merchants will not ship goods. The third-party payment on the Internet has reconciled the frictions between the parties in the traditional payment mode, creating an efficient, low-cost monetary payment model, which has brought users a new payment experience. However, as a new thing, there must be a lot of imperfection and lack of standardization, so it is necessary to strengthen the legal supervision of it in order to ensure the security of transaction and social stability. After the rapid development of the third party payment industry without legal regulation in China, in 2010, with the promulgation of the "measures for the Management of payment Services of Non-Financial institutions" and the implementing rules, However, due to the influence of various factors, our legislation on third-party payment on the Internet is still very immature and imperfect. There are still too low legislative levels and too strict controls on the market access mechanism. There are a series of problems such as imperfect management of the use of reserve funds, lack of monitoring of illegal transactions, and so on. The existence of these problems has seriously restricted the further development of electronic commerce in China. It has also brought a lot of hidden worries to the development of Internet transactions. By drawing lessons from mature foreign legislative supervision and practical experience, combining the specific reality of our country, To improve the legal supervision of third-party payment on the Internet in China from the following aspects: first, to improve the legal rank of regulatory legislation and to enhance the legal effectiveness; second, to establish a regulatory model that combines classified supervision with cooperative supervision. Third, on the basis of the existing market access mechanism, the threshold for entry to the industry should be adjusted appropriately to reduce the requirements of registered capital and capital adequacy ratio of third-party payment organizations on the Internet. Give full play to the competition and innovation in the market, and set up the corresponding organization exit mechanism. 4th, perfect the management of customer reserve fund. The interest generated by customer reserve fund staying on the third party payment platform belongs to the customer clearly. But there is no allocation requirement for the payer. The remaining portion of the interest, in addition to the risk reserve of 10%, is covered by commercial insurance. The use of customer reserves cannot be simply prohibited from misappropriation, which can lead to idle funds. Third party payers may be allowed to use the funds conditionally, invest in areas with low risk and high liquidity, and establish a real-time monitoring system for customer reserves. 5th, and establish a reporting system for major events. To further strengthen the people's Bank of China's supervision of third-party payment agencies. 6th, to establish as soon as possible the internal control system and self-evaluation system of third-party payment institutions. To cancel the authorization of credit card overdraft to pay the third party to pay the value of the account, to guard against the security of funds such as credit card cash, to establish the self-evaluation system of the third party payment organization, and to submit the evaluation report to the people's Bank of China on a regular basis.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.281;D922.29

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