發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-26 01:26

  本文選題：海洋石油勘探 + 油污損害��； 參考：《遼寧大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展離不開石油。由于人口的迅猛增長(zhǎng)和工業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,陸上石油勘探開發(fā)已經(jīng)滿足不了生活和工業(yè)的需要。而海洋石油資源豐富,開發(fā)利用海洋石油資源就成為石油開發(fā)的重要途徑。當(dāng)代石油勘探新技術(shù)不斷發(fā)展,使得海洋石油開采技術(shù)也日益成熟起來(lái),這樣能為能源短缺提供良好的解決途徑,但也給海洋環(huán)境帶來(lái)污染。產(chǎn)生海洋油污的渠道很多,其中以海洋船舶運(yùn)輸和海洋石油勘探開發(fā)最受人類重視。海洋石油勘探開發(fā)造成的管線破裂、井噴等事故會(huì)給海洋環(huán)境帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重的污染。國(guó)際社會(huì)特別關(guān)注海洋油污問(wèn)題,并針對(duì)此進(jìn)行了許多努力來(lái)減輕油污,改善海洋環(huán)境。 本文分為四個(gè)部分。 第一部分是海洋石油勘探油污損害的概述。介紹了海洋石油勘探油污損害的概念、產(chǎn)生的原因、分布及其對(duì)生物資源、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、人類的影響,并對(duì)近來(lái)國(guó)內(nèi)外主要的海洋石油勘探油污損害事故及其影響做了簡(jiǎn)要的說(shuō)明。 第二部分介紹了海洋石油勘探油污損害國(guó)際法律規(guī)制的現(xiàn)狀。按照地域劃分簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明涉及海洋石油勘探油污損害的全球性公約及區(qū)域性公約的法律規(guī)制,并對(duì)美國(guó)、加拿大典型立法加以分析。 第三部分在立足于海洋石油勘探油污損害的現(xiàn)狀,根據(jù)海洋石油勘探活動(dòng)產(chǎn)生油污的國(guó)際法律文件,通過(guò)對(duì)相關(guān)法律文件的內(nèi)容分析,說(shuō)明現(xiàn)有國(guó)際法律文件存在的不足并據(jù)此提出減輕、消除海洋油污的建議,使得海洋石油勘探的國(guó)際法律規(guī)制更加完善。 最后一部分引申到中國(guó),說(shuō)明中國(guó)海洋石油勘探油污損害法律規(guī)制的現(xiàn)狀,指出中國(guó)在海洋石油勘探油污損害方面存在法律的問(wèn)題,然后從立法層面上提出建議。從而保障國(guó)際環(huán)境安全,使得海洋環(huán)境在石油勘探開發(fā)活動(dòng)中仍能得到良好的保護(hù)。
[Abstract]:The development of human society can not be separated from oil. With the rapid growth of population and the rapid development of industry, the onshore oil exploration and development can not meet the needs of life and industry. And the offshore oil resources are abundant, the exploitation and utilization of the offshore petroleum resources is an important way to exploit the oil resources. With the development of new oil exploration technology, offshore oil exploration technology is becoming more and more mature, which can provide a good way to solve the energy shortage, but also bring pollution to the marine environment. There are many ways to produce marine oil pollution, among which ocean shipping and offshore oil exploration and development are the most important. Accidents such as pipeline rupture and blowout caused by offshore oil exploration and exploitation will bring serious pollution to the marine environment. The international community pays special attention to the problem of marine oil pollution and makes many efforts to reduce oil pollution and improve the marine environment. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part is an overview of oil pollution damage in offshore oil exploration. This paper introduces the concept, causes, distribution and effects on biological resources, ecosystem, economy and human being of oil pollution damage in offshore oil exploration. The main oil pollution damage accidents at home and abroad in recent years and their effects are briefly explained. The second part introduces the current situation of international legal regulation of oil pollution damage in offshore oil exploration. According to the division of regions, this paper briefly explains the legal regulations of the global conventions and regional conventions concerning the damage caused by oil pollution from offshore oil exploration, and analyzes the typical legislation of the United States and Canada. The third part is based on the current situation of oil pollution damage in offshore oil exploration, according to the international legal documents of oil pollution generated by offshore oil exploration activities, through the content analysis of relevant legal documents, The deficiency of the existing international legal documents is explained and the suggestions of reducing and eliminating the marine oil pollution are put forward, which makes the international legal regulation of offshore oil exploration more perfect. The last part extends to China, explains the current situation of the legal regulation of China's offshore oil pollution damage, points out that there are legal problems in China's oil pollution damage from offshore oil exploration, and then puts forward some suggestions from the legislative level. In order to ensure the international environmental safety, the marine environment can still be well protected in petroleum exploration and development activities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D993.5;D996.9

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本文編號(hào)：1803878