對《麥田守望者》的精神分析研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-06 05:57
【摘要】：《麥田守望者》是一部反映現(xiàn)代西方人精神危機(jī)的作品，本文旨在揭示這種精神危機(jī)的根源。本研究主要是從三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行的。 第一，小說的主要內(nèi)容可以濃縮在主人公與書中人物的三個(gè)對話中，本文通過對這三個(gè)對話的分析，找出了主人公霍爾頓的所愛所憎，以及其精神上的困惑。 第二，本文結(jié)合弗洛伊德的人格系統(tǒng)理論，對霍爾頓的人格進(jìn)行了界定，最后得出書中并沒有表現(xiàn)出霍爾頓傳統(tǒng)意義上的本我，他的本我在其精神追求的過程中轉(zhuǎn)化為和其超我一樣的存在，而其超我則是對真善美的追求和守護(hù)，自我則是書中表現(xiàn)出來的與社會(huì)格格不入的痛苦迷惘的形象。然后通過分析霍爾頓本我，自我和超我之間的關(guān)系，得出其精神危機(jī)的本質(zhì)并不是個(gè)人與社會(huì)的矛盾，而是社會(huì)準(zhǔn)則之間的矛盾。 第三，，通過古希臘和朱光潛先生的悲劇理論，得出上述矛盾的根源其實(shí)在于人類文明自身，這就解釋了《麥田守望者》為什么能引起不同社會(huì)不同時(shí)空讀者群體的共鳴，也解釋了其暢銷不衰的原因。最后根據(jù)這個(gè)結(jié)論，再結(jié)合中國社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)和《麥田守望者》主人公霍爾頓的成長經(jīng)歷，推導(dǎo)出解決現(xiàn)代人精神危機(jī)的出路在于兒童和青少年人文教育的落實(shí)和文藝作品的推廣。全文共六章： 第一章是簡介，介紹了《麥田》的研究背景和文化背景，并提出三個(gè)主要問題。 第二章是文獻(xiàn)綜述，主要對前人研究中有關(guān)霍爾頓悲劇的普遍性的主題進(jìn)行總結(jié)，也對前人精神分析方面的研究做了簡單回顧。 第三章是關(guān)于精神分析批評方法的介紹，并解釋了選擇此研究方法的原因。 第四、五章是本文的主體，主要對第一章提出的三個(gè)問題進(jìn)行了解答。 第六章是對全文的總結(jié)，并結(jié)合現(xiàn)實(shí)作了推論。
[Abstract]:The Catcher of Wheat Field is a work reflecting the spiritual crisis of modern Westerners. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the root of this spiritual crisis. This study is mainly carried out from three aspects. First, the main content of the novel can be condensed into the three dialogues between the protagonist and the characters in the book. Through the analysis of these three dialogues, this paper finds out what the protagonist Holden loves and hates, as well as his spiritual confusion. Secondly, based on Freud's theory of personality system, this paper defines Holden's personality, and finally concludes that Holden's personality is not shown in the traditional sense of Holden. In the process of his spiritual pursuit, his ego is transformed into the same existence as his superego, while his superego is the pursuit and protection of truth, goodness and beauty, and his ego is the image of pain and perplexity that is incompatible with society in the book. Then by analyzing the relationship between Holden's ego, ego and superego, it is concluded that the essence of the spiritual crisis is not the contradiction between the individual and the society, but the contradiction between the social norms. Third, through the tragic theory of ancient Greece and Mr. Zhu Guangqian, it is concluded that the root of the above contradiction lies in human civilization itself, which explains why the Catcher of Rye can resonate with different readers in different societies and time and space. It also explains the reasons why it sells well. Finally, according to this conclusion, combined with the social reality of China and the growing experience of Holden, the protagonist of Rye Catcher, it is deduced that the way to solve the spiritual crisis of modern people lies in the implementation of humanistic education for children and adolescents and the promotion of literary and artistic works. The first chapter is a brief introduction, which introduces the research background and cultural background of Rye, and puts forward three main problems. The second chapter is a literature review, which mainly summarizes the topics of Holden tragedy in previous studies, and also makes a brief review of previous psychoanalysis studies. The third chapter is about the introduction of psychoanalysis criticism method, and explains the reasons for the choice of this research method. Fourth, the fifth chapter is the main body of this paper, mainly to answer the three questions put forward in the first chapter. The sixth chapter is a summary of the full text, and combined with reality to make a corollary.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I712.074
本文編號：2494118
[Abstract]:The Catcher of Wheat Field is a work reflecting the spiritual crisis of modern Westerners. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the root of this spiritual crisis. This study is mainly carried out from three aspects. First, the main content of the novel can be condensed into the three dialogues between the protagonist and the characters in the book. Through the analysis of these three dialogues, this paper finds out what the protagonist Holden loves and hates, as well as his spiritual confusion. Secondly, based on Freud's theory of personality system, this paper defines Holden's personality, and finally concludes that Holden's personality is not shown in the traditional sense of Holden. In the process of his spiritual pursuit, his ego is transformed into the same existence as his superego, while his superego is the pursuit and protection of truth, goodness and beauty, and his ego is the image of pain and perplexity that is incompatible with society in the book. Then by analyzing the relationship between Holden's ego, ego and superego, it is concluded that the essence of the spiritual crisis is not the contradiction between the individual and the society, but the contradiction between the social norms. Third, through the tragic theory of ancient Greece and Mr. Zhu Guangqian, it is concluded that the root of the above contradiction lies in human civilization itself, which explains why the Catcher of Rye can resonate with different readers in different societies and time and space. It also explains the reasons why it sells well. Finally, according to this conclusion, combined with the social reality of China and the growing experience of Holden, the protagonist of Rye Catcher, it is deduced that the way to solve the spiritual crisis of modern people lies in the implementation of humanistic education for children and adolescents and the promotion of literary and artistic works. The first chapter is a brief introduction, which introduces the research background and cultural background of Rye, and puts forward three main problems. The second chapter is a literature review, which mainly summarizes the topics of Holden tragedy in previous studies, and also makes a brief review of previous psychoanalysis studies. The third chapter is about the introduction of psychoanalysis criticism method, and explains the reasons for the choice of this research method. Fourth, the fifth chapter is the main body of this paper, mainly to answer the three questions put forward in the first chapter. The sixth chapter is a summary of the full text, and combined with reality to make a corollary.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I712.074
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