發(fā)布時間：2018-05-21 09:40

  本文選題：高級氧化技術(shù) + 銅綠微囊藻　； 參考：《河北科技大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：藍藻水華的不斷發(fā)生嚴重的影響了人類的正常生活,導致環(huán)境越來越惡劣。由于水華的出現(xiàn)相應(yīng)的除藻技術(shù)也不斷涌現(xiàn),各種除藻方法層出不窮。但是,各類除藻方法中,因成本較高、易產(chǎn)生二次污染等缺點而不能廣泛應(yīng)用。研究能有效防治水華的方法是必要的。近年來,高級氧化技術(shù)在降解有機污染物中越來越受到關(guān)注,因該技術(shù)具有氧化能力強、不產(chǎn)生二次污染、經(jīng)濟環(huán)保等優(yōu)點。但是高級氧化技術(shù)應(yīng)用于抑殺藍藻控制水華實驗尚未見報道,如何利用不同的高級氧化技術(shù)控藻是研究的方向。通過對景觀水的顯微鏡觀察,知道引起水華的藻種是銅綠微囊藻。本課題主要采用高級氧化技術(shù)中的兩種技術(shù)進行除藻實驗研究,即光催化劑除藻試驗和基于硫酸根自由基的除藻試驗。除藻效果的評價方法是葉綠素a去除率和總可溶性蛋白去除率。主要研究內(nèi)容如下:1)應(yīng)用尿素分解-均勻共沉淀法制備了鋅鈦類水滑石,然后再焙燒制得鈦基復(fù)合金屬氧化物,用X射線衍射、紅外光譜、熱重-差熱儀、掃描電子顯微鏡對制得的光催化劑進行了表征,通過簡單的除藻實驗得到鋅鈦類水滑石和鈦基復(fù)合金屬氧化物的制備條件:鋅鈦摩爾比為4:1,晶化時間為10 h,尿素用量為0.10 mol。鈦基復(fù)合金屬氧化物的焙燒時間為6 h,焙燒溫度為700℃,得到具有可見光催化活性的光催化劑。2)將有可見光催化活性的鋅鈦類水滑石和鈦基復(fù)合金屬氧化物應(yīng)用到除藻實驗中得到最佳的除藻效果。通過單因素實驗和正交試驗得到最佳除藻條件為:Zn-Ti LDHs投加量為20 mg,反應(yīng)時間為3.0 h,pH為8,吸附時間為30 min。葉綠素a和總可溶性蛋白的去除率分別達到了96.38%和90.87%。通過測定藻毒素的相對含量得知光催化劑對藻毒素也有一定的降解效果。通過透射電鏡觀察光催化劑除藻的藻細胞形態(tài)變化,簡單分析除藻機理。3)通過亞鐵離子活化和紫外光活化過硫酸鈉,使其產(chǎn)生硫酸根自由基。將通過活化的過硫酸鈉應(yīng)用于除藻實驗中得到最佳的除藻效果。對于亞鐵離子活化過硫酸鈉正交試驗得到最佳除藻條件為:Na2S2O8/Fe2+配比為2:1,過硫酸鈉濃度為20 mg/L,pH為7。葉綠素a和總可溶性蛋白的去除率分別達到了95.34%和92.78%。通過測定藻毒素的相對含量得知活化的過硫酸鈉對藻毒素也有一定的降解效果。
[Abstract]:The continuous occurrence of cyanobacteria Shui Hua has seriously affected human normal life, resulting in an increasingly bad environment. Due to the emergence of Shui Hua, the corresponding algal removal technology is also emerging, and various algal removal methods emerge in endlessly. However, various algal removal methods can not be widely used because of high cost and easy to produce secondary pollution. It is necessary to study effective methods to prevent and cure Shui Hua. In recent years, advanced oxidation technology has attracted more and more attention in the degradation of organic pollutants, because of its strong oxidation ability, no secondary pollution, economic and environmental protection and so on. However, the application of advanced oxidation technology in Shui Hua control experiments of cyanobacteria has not been reported, and how to use different advanced oxidation techniques to control algae is the research direction. The microcystis aeruginosa was found to cause Shui Hua by microscopic observation of landscape water. In this paper, two kinds of advanced oxidation techniques were used to study algal removal, namely photocatalyst and sulfate radical. The removal rate of chlorophyll a and total soluble protein were used to evaluate the effect of algae removal. The main contents of the study are as follows: (1) Zn-Ti hydrotalcite was prepared by urea decomposition-homogeneous coprecipitation method, and then calcined to prepare titanium-based composite metal oxides. X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermogravimetry (TG) and differential calorimeter (DTA) were used to prepare titanium based composite metal oxides. The photocatalyst was characterized by scanning electron microscope. The preparation conditions of zinc-titanium hydrotalcite and titanium-based composite metal oxide were obtained by simple algal removal experiment: the molar ratio of zinc to titanium was 4: 1, the crystallization time was 10 h, and the amount of urea was 0.10 mol. The calcination time is 6 h and the calcination temperature is 700 鈩，

本文編號：1918677