發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-25 06:20

  本文選題：外交部發(fā)言人答記者問(wèn)　切入點(diǎn)：合作原則　出處：《東北師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：外交部例行記者招待會(huì)在國(guó)際風(fēng)云變幻莫測(cè)的今天，對(duì)于宣傳我國(guó)的外交政策及闡述我國(guó)對(duì)國(guó)際問(wèn)題的立場(chǎng)和看法有著不可忽視的作用。本文通過(guò)格賴(lài)斯的合作原則理論，，對(duì)外交部例行記者招待會(huì)中外交部發(fā)言人的回答進(jìn)行定性和定量相結(jié)合的分析，探究發(fā)言人違反合作原則所想要達(dá)到的效果，并且揭示在某些回答中發(fā)言人話(huà)語(yǔ)中的深層含義。本論文分析的數(shù)據(jù)材料全部來(lái)源于2010年1月1日至2010年7月1日中國(guó)外交部官方網(wǎng)站上外交部發(fā)言人答記者問(wèn)原文，共包括49場(chǎng)記者會(huì)，706個(gè)提問(wèn)與回答。 通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在通常情況下，發(fā)言人不違反合作原則（占總答問(wèn)比例的47.8%）。而發(fā)言人在例行記者會(huì)上的答問(wèn)偏離合作原則時(shí)所希望達(dá)到的效果如下： 1.發(fā)言人想要完全回避某個(gè)問(wèn)題。（占總答問(wèn)比例的18.7%） 2.發(fā)言人為了更加禮貌，從而遵守禮貌原則而違反合作原則。（占總答問(wèn)比例的2.7%） 3.發(fā)言人想要進(jìn)一步闡述中國(guó)在某問(wèn)題上的立場(chǎng)。（占總答問(wèn)比例的1.2%） 4.發(fā)言人想要間接回應(yīng)記者的問(wèn)題，從而違反合作原則，產(chǎn)生會(huì)話(huà)含義。（占總答問(wèn)比例的29.6%） 由此可見(jiàn)，在多半情況下，發(fā)言人都不得不違反合作原則來(lái)進(jìn)行回答，主要是因?yàn)橥饨恍蝿?shì)復(fù)雜多變，記者提問(wèn)大都涉及敏感、機(jī)密等棘手問(wèn)題而導(dǎo)致的。同時(shí)，違反數(shù)量原則又分為三種情況：1.單純違反數(shù)量準(zhǔn)則2.宣布違反合作原則后，違反數(shù)量準(zhǔn)則3.完全合作后，違反數(shù)量準(zhǔn)則。這說(shuō)明，中國(guó)在和平發(fā)展的過(guò)程中，難免會(huì)面對(duì)諸多質(zhì)疑、猜忌和誤解，因此為了防止授人以柄和減少惡意誤解和中傷，發(fā)言人常常不得不違反數(shù)量準(zhǔn)則來(lái)更多地闡述中方的立場(chǎng)和觀點(diǎn)。 本文通過(guò)運(yùn)用語(yǔ)用學(xué)理論來(lái)分析外交部發(fā)言人的回答，拓寬了語(yǔ)用學(xué)在實(shí)際對(duì)話(huà)中的應(yīng)用范圍，有助于理解發(fā)言人話(huà)語(yǔ)中的會(huì)話(huà)含義。同時(shí)，在我國(guó)不斷加強(qiáng)信息發(fā)布機(jī)制的今天，有助于各級(jí)政府部門(mén)完善新聞發(fā)布制度以及對(duì)發(fā)言人回答記者提問(wèn)給予一定參考。
[Abstract]:The routine press conference of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has played an important role in publicizing China's foreign policy and explaining our country's position and views on international issues in today's unpredictable international situation. To make a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the Foreign Ministry spokesman's reply during the routine press conference of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and to explore the effect that the spokesman wants to achieve when he violates the principle of cooperation. The data materials analyzed in this paper all come from the official website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China from January 1, 2010 to July 1, 2010. A total of 49 press conferences and 706 questions and answers. The study found that, under normal circumstances, the spokesman does not violate the principle of cooperation (47.8 per cent of the total answer). The following results are expected when the speaker's question and answer at a regular press conference deviates from the principle:. 1. The speaker would like to avoid a question altogether (18.7% of the total answer). 2. The speaker violated the principle of cooperation in order to be more polite, thereby adhering to the principle of politeness. (2.7% of the total answer). 3. The speaker would like to elaborate further on China's position on an issue. (1.2% of the total answer). 4. The speaker wants to respond indirectly to journalists' questions, thus violating the principle of cooperation and creating conversational implicature. It can be seen from this that, in most cases, the spokesman has to answer in violation of the principle of cooperation, mainly because of the complex and changeable diplomatic situation and the fact that most of the questions raised by reporters involve sensitive, confidential and other difficult questions. At the same time, The violation of the principle of quantity is further divided into three situations: 1.The mere violation of the principle of quantity 2.After the declaration of violation of the principle of cooperation, the violation of the principle of quantity 3.After full cooperation, the violation of the criterion of quantity. This shows that China is in the process of peaceful development. Inevitably, there are many doubts, suspicions and misunderstandings, so in order to prevent misunderstandings and reduce malicious misunderstandings and slander, the spokesman often has to violate the quantitative criteria to explain more of China's position and views. By applying pragmatic theory to the analysis of the Foreign Ministry spokesman's reply, this paper widens the scope of application of pragmatics in practical dialogue and helps to understand the conversational implicature in the speaker's discourse. Nowadays, strengthening the mechanism of information release in our country is helpful for government departments at all levels to perfect the press release system and to give a certain reference to the spokesman in answering the reporter's questions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H13

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本文編號(hào)：1661914