發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-16 14:16

  本文選題：創(chuàng)業(yè)者 + 政治�。� 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：創(chuàng)業(yè)資源獲取是創(chuàng)業(yè)者面臨的挑戰(zhàn)之一,這使得創(chuàng)業(yè)者不得不從外部利益相關(guān)者(如投資人、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資者、金融機(jī)構(gòu)、供應(yīng)商以及其他利益相關(guān)者)獲取大量資源。現(xiàn)有研究已經(jīng)提出創(chuàng)業(yè)者尋求外部資源的實(shí)踐方法和理論框架。其中,值得注意的方法包括社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、制度連接、創(chuàng)業(yè)故事法、信號(hào)質(zhì)量等。然而,這些以不同方式?jīng)Q定創(chuàng)業(yè)資源獲取過(guò)程的方法已經(jīng)開(kāi)始受到學(xué)者們的質(zhì)疑。為了彌補(bǔ)這些方法的缺陷,學(xué)者們呼吁未來(lái)研究驗(yàn)證個(gè)體層面特質(zhì)和行為能力對(duì)創(chuàng)業(yè)者獲取外部資源的影響。因此,本研究驗(yàn)證創(chuàng)業(yè)者政治技能和創(chuàng)業(yè)者能力與外部資源獲取的關(guān)系,探究創(chuàng)業(yè)者政治技能提升創(chuàng)業(yè)資源獲取能力的內(nèi)在機(jī)制。已有研究未能清晰描述政治技能在組織情境下或非組織情境中的運(yùn)行機(jī)制。為此,本研究探查不同文化背景下(中國(guó)和坦桑尼亞)創(chuàng)業(yè)者政治技能對(duì)外部資源獲取的不同影響。為達(dá)到以上目標(biāo),本研究根據(jù)理論推導(dǎo)和實(shí)踐證據(jù)提出研究假設(shè),文獻(xiàn)回顧部分為假設(shè)提出提供豐富的理論和實(shí)踐基礎(chǔ)。本研究在中國(guó)和坦桑尼亞共收集463份創(chuàng)業(yè)者樣本,其中281份來(lái)自坦桑尼亞的六個(gè)地區(qū),包括姆萬(wàn)扎、摩洛哥莫、達(dá)雷斯薩達(dá)姆、馬臘、阿魯沙、濱海；182份是來(lái)自中國(guó)安徽省的調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)。坦桑尼亞和中國(guó)的創(chuàng)業(yè)者調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)均采用相似的調(diào)研工具和測(cè)量量表,并且這些調(diào)研工具和測(cè)量量表在現(xiàn)有西方和非西方情境研究中已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用和驗(yàn)證。本研究采用多種分析和統(tǒng)計(jì)過(guò)程驗(yàn)證收集數(shù)據(jù)的效度水平。研究結(jié)果表明,在概念層面上,創(chuàng)業(yè)者政治技能與資源獲取正相關(guān)；政治技能的維度分析顯示,創(chuàng)業(yè)者網(wǎng)絡(luò)能力和社交機(jī)敏性能夠顯著影響創(chuàng)業(yè)企業(yè)的資源獲取能力,而創(chuàng)業(yè)者人際影響和外顯真誠(chéng)維度對(duì)資源獲取不具有顯著的預(yù)測(cè)力。此外,研究結(jié)果還表明,在創(chuàng)業(yè)者政治技能通過(guò)三種印象管理行為(逢迎、模范和組織晉升)間接影響創(chuàng)業(yè)資源獲取,但是在維度上,僅懇求行為具有間接影響。政治技能通過(guò)人際關(guān)系影響資源獲取的間接效應(yīng)不顯著。最后,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),中坦創(chuàng)業(yè)者政治技能對(duì)創(chuàng)業(yè)資源獲取具有不同的作用,中國(guó)創(chuàng)業(yè)者政治技能對(duì)于資源獲取的影響略強(qiáng)于坦桑尼亞創(chuàng)業(yè)者。本研究的研究結(jié)果和發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)于理論和實(shí)踐具有重要意義。理論上,拓展了學(xué)者們對(duì)于政治技能對(duì)關(guān)鍵創(chuàng)業(yè)要素(如資源獲取)的積極作用的有效理解。同時(shí),本研究強(qiáng)調(diào)政治技能對(duì)創(chuàng)業(yè)者與利益相關(guān)者互動(dòng)的影響,這跳出了組織情境的研究背景。此外,本研究還揭示政治技能影響資源獲取的內(nèi)在機(jī)制。實(shí)踐上,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)為創(chuàng)業(yè)者、創(chuàng)業(yè)企業(yè)、資源提供者以及從業(yè)者提供創(chuàng)業(yè)資源獲取知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備。研究的結(jié)論,指明未來(lái)潛在的研究領(lǐng)域,對(duì)于創(chuàng)業(yè)研究和創(chuàng)業(yè)實(shí)踐具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Entrepreneurial resource acquisition is one of the challenges faced by entrepreneurs, which makes entrepreneurs have to obtain a large amount of resources from external stakeholders (such as investors, venture capitalists, financial institutions, suppliers and other stakeholders). The existing research has put forward the practical methods and theoretical framework for entrepreneurs to seek external resources. Among them, notable methods include social network, institutional connection, entrepreneurship story, signal quality and so on. However, these different ways to determine the process of access to entrepreneurial resources have begun to be questioned by scholars. In order to remedy the shortcomings of these methods, scholars call for future research to verify the impact of individual characteristics and behavioral abilities on entrepreneurs' access to external resources. Therefore, this study verifies the relationship between entrepreneur's political skill and entrepreneur's ability and external resource acquisition, and probes into the internal mechanism of entrepreneur's political skill to enhance entrepreneurial resource acquisition ability. Previous studies have failed to clearly describe the operational mechanisms of political skills in organizational or non-organizational contexts. Therefore, this study explores the different influences of entrepreneurs' political skills on the acquisition of external resources in different cultural backgrounds (China and Tanzania). In order to achieve the above goal, this study puts forward research hypotheses based on theoretical derivation and practical evidence, and literature review provides abundant theoretical and practical basis for hypothesis. In this study, 463 entrepreneur samples were collected in China and Tanzania, of which 281 were from six regions of Tanzania, including Mwanza, Morocco, Mozambique, Dares Saddam, Mala, Arusha, Binhai; 182 are from China's Anhui Province. Similar research tools and measurement scales are used in both Tanzania and China, and these research tools and measurement scales have been widely used and validated in the existing western and non-western situational studies. The validity of the collected data was verified by a variety of analytical and statistical processes. The results show that, at the conceptual level, the political skills of entrepreneurs are positively related to the acquisition of resources, and the dimension analysis of political skills shows that the network ability and social agility of entrepreneurs can significantly affect the ability of resource acquisition of entrepreneurial enterprises. However, the interpersonal influence of entrepreneurs and the dimension of explicit sincerity have no significant predictive effect on the acquisition of resources. In addition, the results also show that the political skills of entrepreneurs indirectly affect the acquisition of entrepreneurial resources through three kinds of impression management behaviors (flattery, role model and organizational promotion), but in dimension, only soliciting behavior has indirect influence. The indirect effect of political skills on resource acquisition through interpersonal relationships is not significant. Finally, it is found that the political skills of entrepreneurs in China and Tanzania have different effects on the acquisition of entrepreneurial resources, and the influence of political skills of entrepreneurs in China on the acquisition of resources is slightly stronger than that on entrepreneurs in Tanzania. The results and findings of this study are of great significance to both theory and practice. Theoretically, it expands scholars' understanding of the positive role of political skills in key entrepreneurial elements, such as resource acquisition. At the same time, this study emphasizes the influence of political skills on the interaction between entrepreneurs and stakeholders, which goes beyond the background of organizational context. In addition, this study also reveals the internal mechanism of political skills influencing resource acquisition. In practice, the study found that entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial enterprises, resource providers and practitioners to provide entrepreneurial resources to acquire knowledge reserves. The conclusion of the research indicates the potential research field in the future, which has important guiding significance for entrepreneurial research and entrepreneurial practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F279.2;F279.425
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本文編號(hào)：2026974