在大型強(qiáng)子對撞機(jī)(LHC)能量(核子對質(zhì)心能量在TeV量級)下,重離子碰撞產(chǎn)生的π介子多重?cái)?shù)可數(shù)以千計(jì)。在這種情況下,粒子發(fā)射源內(nèi)的全同π介子很可能發(fā)生玻色-愛因斯坦凝聚,從而對全同π介子的Hanbury Brown-Twiss(HBT)關(guān)聯(lián)造成抑制。最近,歐洲核研究機(jī)構(gòu)(CERN)的ALICE合作組在對LHC上運(yùn)行的(?)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb碰撞的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分析中,發(fā)現(xiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)測量到的全同π介子的3 π和4 π關(guān)聯(lián)有嚴(yán)重的抑制。這表明π介子的發(fā)射很可能有較高程度的相干性。為了解釋這一實(shí)驗(yàn)測量結(jié)果,本文基于考慮了全同π介子玻色-愛因斯坦凝聚的膨脹π介子氣體演化源模型和由相干發(fā)射顆粒構(gòu)成的顆粒源模型,系統(tǒng)地研究了在上述實(shí)驗(yàn)中全同π介子的3π和4π HBT關(guān)聯(lián),以及正規(guī)化的3π和4π關(guān)聯(lián)函數(shù)。本文分為以下幾個(gè)部分。第一章,簡要介紹了相對論重離子碰撞的研究背景、最新的多π HBT關(guān)聯(lián)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果和本文的研究動(dòng)機(jī)。第二章,介紹了與本文研究相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)理論,包括2 πHBT關(guān)聯(lián)的量子統(tǒng)計(jì)理論,全同π介子氣體的玻色-愛因斯坦凝聚以及相對論重離子碰撞中π介子發(fā)射的顆粒源模型。第三章,研究了有玻色-愛因...

【文章頁數(shù)】：123 頁

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
1 Introduction
    1.1 QCD phase diagram and QGP
    1.2 Recent experimental results of multi-pion HBT correlations
    1.3 Thesis motivations and main works
2 Fundamental theories and models involved
    2.1 Quantum statistics theory of two-pion HBT correlation
    2.2 Bose-Einstein condensation of identical pion gas
    2.3 Granular source model of pion emission in relativistic heavy-ion colli-sions
3 Multi-pion HBT correlations in the EPG model with B-E condensation
    3.1 Overview and introduction
    3.2 Model and multi-pion correlation formulas
        3.2.1 EPG model
        3.2.2 Calculations of multi-pion correlation functions in EPG model
    3.3 Analyses of multi-pion correlations in EPG model
        3.3.1 Three-pion correlations in EPG model
        3.3.2 Four-pion correlations in EPG model
    3.4 Comparison with experimental data
        3.4.1 Three-pion correlation function
        3.4.2 Four-pion correlation function
        3.4.3 Source condensation fraction
    3.5 Discussions and conclusion
4 Influence of B-E condensation on normalized multi-pion correlation func-tions
    4.1 Overview and introduction
    4.2 Intercepts of normalized MPC functions
    4.3 Results of normalized MPC functions in EPG model
        4.3.1 r₃(Q₃) results
        4.3.2 r₄(Q₄) results
    4.4 Phase-space density for EPG sources
    4.5 Discussions and conclusion
5 Analyses of multi-pion HBT correlations for the granular sources with co-herent pion-emission droplets
    5.1 Overview and introduction
    5.2 Multi-pion BEGs of static granular sources
    5.3 Multi-pion HBT correlations in evolving granular source model
        5.3.1 EGS model with coherent pion-emission droplets
        5.3.2 Multi-pion correlation functions
        5.3.3 Normalized multi-pion HBT correlation functions
    5.4 Discussions and conclusion
6 Conclusions and outlook
    6.1 Conclusions
    6.2 Innovation points
    6.3 Outlook
References
Publications
Acknowledgement
作者簡介



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