印染廢水處理系統(tǒng)中銻的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律及其處理工藝研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-15 03:13
【摘要】：金屬銻(Sb)污染是近年來印染工業(yè)污染防治中面臨的新挑戰(zhàn),國(guó)家與各地政府高度重視印染工業(yè)的Sb污染防治工作。針對(duì)日益嚴(yán)格的Sb污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn),開發(fā)經(jīng)濟(jì)、高效、穩(wěn)定的Sb污染防治技術(shù)顯得尤為迫切。目前,我國(guó)對(duì)印染行業(yè)廢水Sb污染防治的相關(guān)研究較少。因此,開展印染企業(yè)和污水廠對(duì)Sb去除效果的現(xiàn)狀評(píng)估,并在此基礎(chǔ)上研究Sb預(yù)處理技術(shù)和深度處理技術(shù),對(duì)于防治印染廢水中Sb污染,保障印染工業(yè)健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展,具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)價(jià)值和戰(zhàn)略意義。本文選擇嘉興市兩家典型涉銻污染源排放印染企業(yè)及以印染廢水為主的城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠為研究對(duì)象,研究了銻在污水預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)及城鎮(zhèn)污水處理系統(tǒng)中的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律,對(duì)其各單元削減Sb效果進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),同時(shí)考察了現(xiàn)有銻濃度對(duì)生化系統(tǒng)的影響。在此基礎(chǔ)上,分別對(duì)印染企業(yè)預(yù)處理工藝和城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠進(jìn)行強(qiáng)化處理技術(shù)研究,和深度處理技術(shù)研究。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1、評(píng)價(jià)了兩家典型印染企業(yè)污水預(yù)處理工藝對(duì)Sb的削減效果。結(jié)果表明:印染廢水進(jìn)水Sb濃度約為600～1200μg·L~(-1)。預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)對(duì)Sb去除效果為51.51%～63.50%,其中氣浮法和混凝沉淀法是預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵,其對(duì)Sb的去除效果分別在22.08～41.92%、51.67%。污水預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)對(duì)Sb的去除率較高,但出水均未達(dá)國(guó)家排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。兩大印染企業(yè)進(jìn)出水中溶解態(tài)Sb均以Sb(V)為主,且主要通過污泥形式進(jìn)行外排。2、評(píng)價(jià)了城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠C污水處理工藝對(duì)Sb的削減效果。處理廠C現(xiàn)有生化-深度處理工藝對(duì)污水中Sb的去除效果不明顯,出水未達(dá)國(guó)家排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。污水廠進(jìn)出水中可溶態(tài)Sb均以Sb(V)為主。此外,現(xiàn)有污水中Sb(V)濃度對(duì)生化系統(tǒng)的正常運(yùn)行及菌群分布幾乎無影響。3、針對(duì)印染企業(yè)現(xiàn)有Sb廢水預(yù)處理工藝不達(dá)標(biāo)的現(xiàn)狀,強(qiáng)化混凝沉淀預(yù)處理工藝。通過混凝劑的篩選、初始pH、投加量及絮凝時(shí)間的優(yōu)化,確認(rèn)最佳反應(yīng)條件為:pH=11,PFS投加量為100mg·L~(-1),絮凝反應(yīng)10min,此時(shí)對(duì)300μg-L~(-1)的Sb(V)模擬廢水出水濃度為71.4μg·L~(-1),去除率為78.0%,是現(xiàn)有印染企業(yè)內(nèi)部污水處理系統(tǒng)混凝工藝的1.56～1.9倍,能較好的實(shí)現(xiàn)印染企業(yè)內(nèi)含銻印染廢水的達(dá)標(biāo)排放。4、針對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠現(xiàn)有Sb處理工藝不佳,出水不達(dá)標(biāo)的現(xiàn)狀,提出nZVI/AC深度處理印染Sb廢水技術(shù)。利用液相還原法制備nZVI、nZVI/AC吸附劑,通過對(duì)反應(yīng)體系、負(fù)載量、初始pH以及投加量進(jìn)行研究,確認(rèn)最佳反應(yīng)條件為:在N2氛圍下,15 wt%ZVI/AC投加量為0.2g·L~(-1),初始pH為7.5(原水pH),反應(yīng)2 h后,Sb(V)的去除率達(dá)到76.2%,出水濃度僅為23.8μg·L~(-1),此時(shí)反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)常數(shù)為0.01168min~(-1)。通過對(duì)去除機(jī)理的研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)Fe~(2+)是反應(yīng)過程中的主要活性物質(zhì),去除過程中主要依靠Fe(0)和Fe~(2+)的還原作用,將Sb(Ⅴ)還原成Sb(Ⅲ),并通過吸附作用去除,以實(shí)現(xiàn)城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠含銻印染廢水的達(dá)標(biāo)排放。
[Abstract]:In recent years, antimony (Sb) pollution is a new challenge in printing and dyeing industry. The state and local governments attach great importance to the prevention and control of Sb pollution in printing and dyeing industry. It is urgent to develop economical, efficient and stable Sb pollution prevention technology in view of the increasingly strict Sb pollutant emission standard. At present, there are few researches on Sb pollution prevention of printing and dyeing wastewater in China. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the current situation of Sb removal in printing and dyeing enterprises and wastewater plants, and on this basis to study the Sb pretreatment technology and advanced treatment technology, which can prevent and control Sb pollution in printing and dyeing wastewater and ensure the healthy and sustainable development of printing and dyeing industry. It has important realistic value and strategic significance. In this paper, the migration and transformation of antimony in sewage pretreatment system and sewage treatment system were studied by selecting two typical antimony pollution sources and printing and dyeing enterprises and the municipal wastewater treatment plant as the research object. The effect of Sb reduction in each unit was evaluated, and the effect of antimony concentration on biochemical system was investigated. On this basis, the pretreatment process of printing and dyeing enterprises and the urban sewage treatment plant were studied respectively. The main results are as follows: 1. The effect of wastewater pretreatment on Sb reduction in two typical printing and dyeing enterprises was evaluated. The results show that the influent Sb concentration of dyeing wastewater is about 600 渭 g / L ~ (-1). The removal effect of Sb in the pretreatment system was 51.51% and 63.50, among which the air floatation method and coagulation precipitation method were the key points of the pretreatment system. The removal efficiency of Sb was 22.08 ~ 41.92% and 51.67% respectively. The removal rate of Sb in wastewater pretreatment system is high, but the effluent is not up to the national discharge standard. The dissolved Sb in the two major printing and dyeing enterprises was mainly Sb (V) and discharged mainly through sludge. 2. The reduction effect of C sewage treatment process on Sb in urban sewage treatment plant was evaluated. The removal effect of Sb in wastewater by the existing biochemical advanced treatment process of treatment plant C is not obvious, and the effluent does not meet the national discharge standard. Sb (V) is the main soluble Sb in wastewater treatment plant. In addition, the concentration of Sb (V) in the existing wastewater has little effect on the normal operation of biochemical system and the distribution of bacteria. 3. In view of the fact that the existing pretreatment process of Sb wastewater in printing and dyeing enterprises is not up to standard, the coagulation and precipitation pretreatment process is strengthened. Through the selection of coagulant, the initial dosage of pH, and the optimization of flocculation time, the optimum reaction conditions are confirmed as follows: the dosage of pH=11,PFS is 100mg L ~ (-1), and the flocculation reaction is 10 min. The effluent concentration of 300 渭 g-L ~ (-1) Sb (V) simulated wastewater is 71.4 渭 g / L ~ (-1), and the removal rate is 78.0, which is 1.561.9 times as much as that of the existing coagulation process in the domestic wastewater treatment system of printing and dyeing enterprises. The discharge of printing and dyeing wastewater containing antimony in printing and dyeing enterprises can be achieved well. 4. In view of the existing Sb treatment process of urban sewage treatment plant is not good and the effluent is not up to standard, the advanced treatment technology of nZVI/AC for printing and dyeing Sb wastewater is put forward. NZVI,nZVI/AC adsorbents were prepared by liquid phase reduction method. By studying the reaction system, loading amount, initial pH and dosage, it was found that the optimum reaction conditions were as follows: in N _ 2 atmosphere, the optimum reaction conditions were as follows: 1. The dosage of 15 wt%ZVI/AC was 0.2g L ~ (-1), the initial pH was 7.5.The removal rate of, Sb (V) reached 76.2% after pH), reaction in raw water for 2 h, and the effluent concentration was only 23.8 渭 g L ~ (-1). The kinetic constant is 0.01168 min-1. Through the study of removal mechanism, it is found that Fe~ (2) is the main active substance in the reaction process, and Sb (鈪，
本文編號(hào)：2379863
[Abstract]:In recent years, antimony (Sb) pollution is a new challenge in printing and dyeing industry. The state and local governments attach great importance to the prevention and control of Sb pollution in printing and dyeing industry. It is urgent to develop economical, efficient and stable Sb pollution prevention technology in view of the increasingly strict Sb pollutant emission standard. At present, there are few researches on Sb pollution prevention of printing and dyeing wastewater in China. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the current situation of Sb removal in printing and dyeing enterprises and wastewater plants, and on this basis to study the Sb pretreatment technology and advanced treatment technology, which can prevent and control Sb pollution in printing and dyeing wastewater and ensure the healthy and sustainable development of printing and dyeing industry. It has important realistic value and strategic significance. In this paper, the migration and transformation of antimony in sewage pretreatment system and sewage treatment system were studied by selecting two typical antimony pollution sources and printing and dyeing enterprises and the municipal wastewater treatment plant as the research object. The effect of Sb reduction in each unit was evaluated, and the effect of antimony concentration on biochemical system was investigated. On this basis, the pretreatment process of printing and dyeing enterprises and the urban sewage treatment plant were studied respectively. The main results are as follows: 1. The effect of wastewater pretreatment on Sb reduction in two typical printing and dyeing enterprises was evaluated. The results show that the influent Sb concentration of dyeing wastewater is about 600 渭 g / L ~ (-1). The removal effect of Sb in the pretreatment system was 51.51% and 63.50, among which the air floatation method and coagulation precipitation method were the key points of the pretreatment system. The removal efficiency of Sb was 22.08 ~ 41.92% and 51.67% respectively. The removal rate of Sb in wastewater pretreatment system is high, but the effluent is not up to the national discharge standard. The dissolved Sb in the two major printing and dyeing enterprises was mainly Sb (V) and discharged mainly through sludge. 2. The reduction effect of C sewage treatment process on Sb in urban sewage treatment plant was evaluated. The removal effect of Sb in wastewater by the existing biochemical advanced treatment process of treatment plant C is not obvious, and the effluent does not meet the national discharge standard. Sb (V) is the main soluble Sb in wastewater treatment plant. In addition, the concentration of Sb (V) in the existing wastewater has little effect on the normal operation of biochemical system and the distribution of bacteria. 3. In view of the fact that the existing pretreatment process of Sb wastewater in printing and dyeing enterprises is not up to standard, the coagulation and precipitation pretreatment process is strengthened. Through the selection of coagulant, the initial dosage of pH, and the optimization of flocculation time, the optimum reaction conditions are confirmed as follows: the dosage of pH=11,PFS is 100mg L ~ (-1), and the flocculation reaction is 10 min. The effluent concentration of 300 渭 g-L ~ (-1) Sb (V) simulated wastewater is 71.4 渭 g / L ~ (-1), and the removal rate is 78.0, which is 1.561.9 times as much as that of the existing coagulation process in the domestic wastewater treatment system of printing and dyeing enterprises. The discharge of printing and dyeing wastewater containing antimony in printing and dyeing enterprises can be achieved well. 4. In view of the existing Sb treatment process of urban sewage treatment plant is not good and the effluent is not up to standard, the advanced treatment technology of nZVI/AC for printing and dyeing Sb wastewater is put forward. NZVI,nZVI/AC adsorbents were prepared by liquid phase reduction method. By studying the reaction system, loading amount, initial pH and dosage, it was found that the optimum reaction conditions were as follows: in N _ 2 atmosphere, the optimum reaction conditions were as follows: 1. The dosage of 15 wt%ZVI/AC was 0.2g L ~ (-1), the initial pH was 7.5.The removal rate of, Sb (V) reached 76.2% after pH), reaction in raw water for 2 h, and the effluent concentration was only 23.8 渭 g L ~ (-1). The kinetic constant is 0.01168 min-1. Through the study of removal mechanism, it is found that Fe~ (2) is the main active substance in the reaction process, and Sb (鈪，
本文編號(hào)：2379863
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