發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-13 22:58

【摘要】：我國在近三十年來,化石燃料伴隨著工業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展而大量燃燒,導(dǎo)致目前全國各個(gè)地區(qū)空氣質(zhì)量日益惡化,尤其是近幾年冬季霧霾天氣的頻現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重影響人們的健康,“空氣安全”已經(jīng)成為繼“水安全”和“食品安全”之后的又一個(gè)急需解決的社會(huì)安全問題。針對(duì)目前室外環(huán)境大氣污染在短期內(nèi)無法徹底解決的現(xiàn)狀,室內(nèi)空氣污染治理成為熱門研究話題。負(fù)離子室內(nèi)凈化技術(shù)是其中重要研究對(duì)象之一。目前關(guān)于負(fù)離子對(duì)提升室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量(Indoor Air Quality,簡稱IAQ)的應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)內(nèi)容還缺乏深入的研究,本課題基于負(fù)離子凈化空氣原理,在人工氣候室內(nèi)通過調(diào)節(jié)環(huán)境參數(shù),研究負(fù)離子在不同工況下對(duì)室內(nèi)空氣凈化效率的提升作用和關(guān)系研究,同時(shí)針對(duì)環(huán)境溫濕度對(duì)負(fù)離子濃度的影響程度進(jìn)行了單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。另外對(duì)負(fù)離子在室內(nèi)濃度擴(kuò)散規(guī)律及其影響因素開展正交實(shí)驗(yàn)。最后本文針對(duì)混合通風(fēng)和地板送風(fēng)兩種氣流組織方式下的負(fù)離子濃度動(dòng)態(tài)分布運(yùn)用CFD方法做了分析。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)負(fù)離子對(duì)室內(nèi)多種空氣污染物具有凈化作用。負(fù)離子對(duì)可吸入顆粒物(PM2.5)、有機(jī)物(TVOC)以及細(xì)菌的凈化效率,去除率分別為98.64%(8h)、61.20%(4h)、98.29%(2h)。衰減實(shí)驗(yàn)表明:負(fù)離子對(duì)可吸入顆粒物的去除效率要明顯高于負(fù)離子對(duì)揮發(fā)性有機(jī)物的去除作用。(2)環(huán)境溫濕度與負(fù)離子濃度呈非線性二次關(guān)系,環(huán)境溫濕度單因素分別為溫度22-30℃,相對(duì)濕度在55%-65%區(qū)間上,負(fù)離子濃度處于相對(duì)高濃度區(qū)域。(3)得出了實(shí)驗(yàn)負(fù)離子濃度下將室內(nèi)PM10與可揮發(fā)性有機(jī)物濃度同時(shí)降至室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的時(shí)間與室內(nèi)二者的污染濃度的關(guān)系式。(4)負(fù)離子濃度在風(fēng)力軸向上衰減比較慢,在與風(fēng)力垂直方向上衰減較快;在橫向60-80cm和100-120cm存在兩次衰減率較大的現(xiàn)象;根據(jù)正交試驗(yàn)方差分析,對(duì)負(fù)離子在室內(nèi)空間衰減程度影響的顯著性從高到低依次是:PM10濃度TVOC濃度風(fēng)速,風(fēng)速對(duì)負(fù)離子衰減影響相對(duì)室內(nèi)污染物較小,風(fēng)速也不宜太大,宜保持在1.5m/s。(5)混合通風(fēng)比地板通風(fēng)更快使室內(nèi)負(fù)離子濃度穩(wěn)定在一定狀態(tài)且呼吸層面負(fù)離子濃度較高,但地板送風(fēng)穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)負(fù)離子濃度比混合送風(fēng)更為均勻和適中。
[Abstract]:In recent three decades, fossil fuels have been burning in large quantities with the rapid development of industry, which has led to the worsening of air quality in various regions of the country at present, especially the frequency of haze weather in winter has seriously affected the health of people in recent years. Air safety has become another urgent social safety problem after water safety and food safety. Indoor air pollution control has become a hot research topic in view of the current situation that outdoor air pollution can not be solved completely in the short term. Negative ion indoor purification technology is one of the important research objects. At present, the basic content of the application of negative ion pair to improve indoor air quality (IAQ) is still lack of in-depth research. Based on the principle of negative ion purifying air, the environmental parameters are adjusted in the artificial climate room. The effect and relationship of negative ions on indoor air purification efficiency under different operating conditions were studied. At the same time, the influence of ambient temperature and humidity on the concentration of negative ions was studied by single factor experiments. In addition, orthogonal experiments were carried out on the diffusion law of negative ions in indoor concentration and its influencing factors. Finally, the dynamic distribution of negative ion concentration under mixed ventilation and floor air distribution is analyzed by CFD method. The results show that: (1) negative ions can purify many indoor air pollutants. The removal efficiency of PM2.5, (TVOC) and bacteria were 98.64% (8h), 61.20% (4h) and 98.29% (2h), respectively. The attenuation experiments showed that the removal efficiency of negative ions on respirable particulates was significantly higher than that of negative ions on volatile organic compounds. (2) there was a nonlinear quadratic relationship between ambient temperature and humidity and the concentration of negative ions. The single factor of ambient temperature and humidity is 22-30 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2377402