發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-19 10:20

【摘要】：疼痛共情是人類日常生活中一種常見的心理現(xiàn)象,它指的是個(gè)體對(duì)他人的疼痛的感知、判斷以及情緒反應(yīng)。共情能力的提升使個(gè)體得以準(zhǔn)確地推斷他人的思維與感受,進(jìn)而產(chǎn)生適當(dāng)?shù)那榫w與行為反應(yīng)。這不僅有助于激發(fā)個(gè)體的親社會(huì)行為,使社會(huì)成員之間建立良好的社會(huì)互動(dòng)關(guān)系,同時(shí)也能有效抑制攻擊性行為的發(fā)生。因此,對(duì)于疼痛共情的研究極具社會(huì)意義與現(xiàn)實(shí)價(jià)值。以往的問卷調(diào)查與情景實(shí)驗(yàn)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)懷舊能夠提高個(gè)體的共情水平,但這些研究往往缺乏客觀性,并且也未涉及共情的內(nèi)在神經(jīng)機(jī)制。本研究旨在采用事件相關(guān)電位技術(shù),通過比較被試在懷舊情緒與中性情緒下疼痛共情反應(yīng)的差異,進(jìn)一步探討懷舊對(duì)疼痛共情加工過程的影響及其腦機(jī)制。本研究采用了 2(被試間因素:懷舊組、控制組)×2(被試內(nèi)因素:疼痛圖片、非疼痛圖片)的混合實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),被試為35名健康的在校大學(xué)生。所得結(jié)果如下:首先,各實(shí)驗(yàn)條件均誘發(fā)了明顯的N1、P2、N2、P3與LPC成分,表明實(shí)驗(yàn)材料有效引發(fā)了被試的共情反應(yīng)。其次,對(duì)于N1成分,在P3和P4點(diǎn)上,懷舊情緒下疼痛圖片誘發(fā)的波幅顯著小于中性情緒。再次,在P2成分上,懷舊情緒下疼痛圖片誘發(fā)的波幅顯著大于中性情緒。最后,在P3成分上,相對(duì)于中性情緒,懷舊情緒下疼痛圖片誘發(fā)了更大的波幅。這些結(jié)果表明懷舊對(duì)疼痛共情的影響既作用在早期自下而上的情緒共享加工階段,又作用在晚期自上而下的認(rèn)知評(píng)價(jià)加工階段,并且一致表現(xiàn)為懷舊促進(jìn)了個(gè)體的疼痛共情。
[Abstract]:Pain empathy is a common psychological phenomenon in human daily life. It refers to the individual's perception judgment and emotional reaction to the pain of others. The improvement of empathy enables individuals to infer accurately the thoughts and feelings of others, and then produce appropriate emotional and behavioral responses. This can not only stimulate individual pro-social behavior and establish good social interaction among social members, but also effectively inhibit the occurrence of aggressive behavior. Therefore, the study of pain empathy is of great social significance and practical value. Previous questionnaires and situational experiments have found that nostalgia can improve the level of empathy, but these studies often lack objectivity and do not involve the intrinsic neural mechanism of empathy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nostalgia on the process of empathic pain processing and the brain mechanism by comparing the difference of empathic reaction between nostalgia and neutral emotion by means of event-related potential technique. In this study, a mixed design of 2 (nostalgia group, control group) 脳 2 (internal factor: pain picture, non-pain picture) was used. The subjects were 35 healthy college students. The results are as follows: firstly, the significant components of N1P2P2N2P3 and LPC were induced under different experimental conditions, which indicated that the experimental materials could effectively trigger the empathy reaction of the subjects. Secondly, for N1 component, the amplitude of pain picture induced by nostalgia was significantly lower than that of neutral emotion at P3 and P4. Thirdly, in P2 component, the amplitude of pain image induced by nostalgic emotion was significantly higher than that of neutral emotion. Finally, compared with neutral emotion, the pain picture of nostalgic emotion induced a larger amplitude in P3 component. These results suggest that nostalgia affects pain empathy both in the early bottom-up process of emotional sharing and in the late stage of top-down cognitive evaluation, and it is consistent that nostalgia promotes individual pain empathy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B842.6

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本文編號(hào)：2280844