發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-25 06:55

  本文選題：利他水平 + 第三方評(píng)價(jià)�。� 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前對(duì)第三方評(píng)價(jià)研究主要涉及自利行為如第三方懲罰和補(bǔ)償,而較少涉及對(duì)利他行為的評(píng)價(jià)。不僅如此,對(duì)于利他行為的第三方評(píng)價(jià)研究主要關(guān)注第三方對(duì)個(gè)體從事利他行為與否的評(píng)價(jià),而忽略了對(duì)不同利他水平的利他者評(píng)價(jià)�；�于此,本研究以利他行為為切入點(diǎn),探討在不同利他水平下,第三方對(duì)利他者的道德評(píng)價(jià)及其機(jī)制。在此基礎(chǔ)上,研究還將權(quán)力關(guān)系引入第三方評(píng)價(jià)研究中,探討權(quán)力對(duì)個(gè)體利他行為和第三方評(píng)價(jià)關(guān)系中的調(diào)節(jié)作用及其可能機(jī)制。研究一包括3項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn),分別在資源獲取和損失情境中探討了不同水平的利他行為(公平、輕度/中度/高度利他)與第三方對(duì)個(gè)體道德評(píng)價(jià)的關(guān)系。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),利他程度與第三方對(duì)利他者的道德評(píng)價(jià)之間存在負(fù)向關(guān)系,隨著利他程度的上升,第三方對(duì)利他者的道德評(píng)價(jià)呈逐步下降趨勢(shì)。研究一還發(fā)現(xiàn),第三方感知的印象管理動(dòng)機(jī)是該現(xiàn)象的中介機(jī)制,個(gè)體利他程度的上升導(dǎo)致第三方感知到更高水平的印象管理動(dòng)機(jī),從而降低了個(gè)體對(duì)其的道德評(píng)價(jià)。研究二包括3項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn),探討在不同權(quán)力關(guān)系下,利他水平與第三方對(duì)個(gè)體道德評(píng)價(jià)之間的關(guān)系。實(shí)驗(yàn)2a和2b分別在資源獲取和損失情境下發(fā)現(xiàn),權(quán)力對(duì)利他評(píng)價(jià)的下降趨勢(shì)存在緩沖效應(yīng),隨著利他水平的提高,第三方對(duì)高權(quán)者的道德評(píng)價(jià)優(yōu)于平權(quán)者。研究2c進(jìn)一步探討了權(quán)力距離在利他水平與第三方道德評(píng)價(jià)關(guān)系中的調(diào)節(jié)作用。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),權(quán)力距離和權(quán)力的交互作用顯著,權(quán)力距離水平低的個(gè)體對(duì)高權(quán)力利他者的道德評(píng)價(jià)優(yōu)于平權(quán)力者,而權(quán)力距離水平高的被試對(duì)高權(quán)者和平權(quán)者利他行為的道德評(píng)價(jià)差異不顯著。本研究表明,利他與第三方對(duì)利他者的道德評(píng)價(jià)之間存在負(fù)向關(guān)系,且感知的印象管理動(dòng)機(jī)在二者關(guān)系中起中介作用。此外,權(quán)力緩沖了第三方對(duì)個(gè)體利他行為的評(píng)價(jià)逐步下降的趨勢(shì),且這一效應(yīng)受到評(píng)價(jià)者的權(quán)力距離的反向調(diào)節(jié)。最后探討了本研究的價(jià)值、不足以及未來(lái)的發(fā)展方向。
[Abstract]:At present, the research on third party evaluation mainly involves self-interest, such as punishment and compensation of third party, but less on evaluation of altruistic behavior. Moreover, the third party evaluation of altruistic behavior focuses on the third party's evaluation of individual altruistic behavior, while neglecting the altruistic evaluation of different altruistic levels. Based on this, this study explores the moral evaluation and mechanism of altruism by third parties at different altruistic levels. On this basis, the study also introduces the power relationship into the third-party evaluation study, and discusses the regulatory role of power in individual altruistic behavior and third-party evaluation relationship and its possible mechanism. In the first study, three experiments were conducted to explore the relationship between different levels of altruistic behavior (fair, mild / moderate / high altruism) and individual moral evaluation by third parties in resource acquisition and loss scenarios. It is found that there is a negative relationship between the degree of altruism and the moral evaluation of altruists by third parties. With the increase of altruistic degree, the moral evaluation of altruists by third parties gradually decreases. The first study also found that the third party perception of impression management motivation is the intermediary mechanism of this phenomenon. The rise of individual altruism leads to the third party perception of a higher level of impression management motivation which reduces the individual moral evaluation. The second study includes three experiments to explore the relationship between altruistic level and individual moral evaluation by third parties under different power relations. Experiment 2a and 2b found that there was a buffer effect on the downward trend of altruistic evaluation by power under the situation of resource acquisition and loss respectively. With the increase of altruism level, the third party's moral evaluation of the high power was superior to that of the equal. Study 2C further explores the role of power distance in the relationship between altruism and third party moral evaluation. It is found that the interaction between power distance and power is significant, and that individuals with low power distance level have better moral evaluation of high-power altruists than those with equal power. However, there was no significant difference in the moral evaluation of altruistic behavior of those with higher power distance. This study shows that there is a negative relationship between altruism and the third party's moral evaluation of altruism, and perceived impression management motivation plays an intermediary role in the relationship. In addition, power buffers the downward trend of the third party's evaluation of individual altruistic behavior, and this effect is reversed by the power distance of the evaluator. Finally, the value, deficiency and future development of this study are discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B848

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本文編號(hào)：2065058