發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-31 19:42

  本文選題：衛(wèi)三畏 + 美國(guó)遠(yuǎn)征日本　； 參考：《福建師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：1853到1854年,衛(wèi)三畏作為首席翻譯參與美國(guó)遠(yuǎn)征日本并取得成功。這標(biāo)志著美國(guó)先于其他歐洲國(guó)家打開日本國(guó)門。19世紀(jì)中期,美國(guó)完成了大陸擴(kuò)張,將眼觀投向廣闊的太平洋,開始重視東亞兩個(gè)主要的國(guó)家：中國(guó)和日本。美國(guó)對(duì)日本的認(rèn)識(shí)有賴于當(dāng)時(shí)在東亞活動(dòng)的傳教士群體。出于國(guó)內(nèi)外市場(chǎng)拓展的需要,美國(guó)決定派出佩里艦隊(duì)遠(yuǎn)征日本。面對(duì)這個(gè)艱巨的使命,佩里到中國(guó)找到當(dāng)時(shí)頗富名氣的“東亞通”衛(wèi)三畏。衛(wèi)三畏在國(guó)家利益的感召下放下手中的工作,全力投入到美國(guó)遠(yuǎn)征的外交事務(wù)中。期間,衛(wèi)三畏受強(qiáng)烈的宗教動(dòng)機(jī)推動(dòng),并根據(jù)美日雙方不同現(xiàn)實(shí)利益的要求,運(yùn)用其嫻熟的外交手腕,成為美日間談判的橋梁,既避免了因美國(guó)態(tài)度過于強(qiáng)硬而刺激日本,又運(yùn)用威嚇外交措辭迫使日本向美國(guó)妥協(xié),成功促使日本與美國(guó)簽訂《神奈川條約》。必須指出的是,這絕非衛(wèi)三畏一人之功,但其作用是不可忽視的。雙方談判期間,衛(wèi)三畏并非一味的追求美國(guó)利益最大化,而是結(jié)合具體的實(shí)際加上他個(gè)人的歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn),較好的將他的宗教動(dòng)機(jī)和現(xiàn)實(shí)利益進(jìn)行結(jié)合,成功完成美國(guó)遠(yuǎn)征日本的目標(biāo),給日本留下較好的國(guó)家形象。后來(lái),衛(wèi)三畏也因遠(yuǎn)征的突出貢獻(xiàn)受到美國(guó)政府的重用。顯然,衛(wèi)三畏身為傳教士,卻在遠(yuǎn)征日本中發(fā)揮出重要的外交作用,這是一個(gè)展現(xiàn)宗教人士如何處理宗教動(dòng)機(jī)與外交關(guān)系的典型個(gè)案,為今天國(guó)家運(yùn)用外交重視發(fā)揮宗教人士的歷史作用的課題增益些歷史的啟示。
[Abstract]:From 1853 to 1854, Wei was successful as chief translator in the American expedition to Japan. This marks that the United States opened the door of Japan before other European countries. In the mid-19th century, the United States completed its continental expansion, focusing on the vast Pacific Ocean, and began to attach importance to the two major countries in East Asia: China and Japan. America's understanding of Japan depended on the missionaries who were active in East Asia at that time. The United States decided to send the Perry Fleet to Japan in order to expand its market at home and abroad. Faced with this arduous mission, Perry went to China to find the famous East Asia Tong Wei San Fu. Inspired by the national interest, Wei put down his work and devoted himself to the foreign affairs of the American expedition. During the period, Wei San-awe was driven by strong religious motives, and according to the demands of the different realistic interests of the United States and Japan, he used his skilful diplomatic skills to become a bridge for US-Japan negotiations, thus avoiding stimulating Japan because the United States was too tough. The use of intimidating diplomatic language forced Japan to compromise with the United States, successfully prompting Japan to sign the Kanagawa Treaty with the United States. It must be pointed out that this is by no means a feat of one man, but its role cannot be ignored. During the negotiations between the two sides, Wei Sanshou did not blindly pursue the maximization of US interests, but combined his specific reality with his own historical experience, and better combined his religious motives with his practical interests. Successful completion of the goal of the United States expedition to Japan, leaving a good national image for Japan. Later, Wei Sanshang was reused by the US government for his remarkable contribution to the expedition. Obviously, as a missionary, Wei Sanshou played an important diplomatic role in the expedition to Japan. This is a typical case of how religious people deal with religious motives and diplomatic relations. Some historical enlightenments have been gained for the subject of using diplomacy to give full play to the historical role of religious personages.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：K712.42;K313.36

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