發(fā)布時間：2018-11-03 18:12

【摘要】：在大多數(shù)探測雷達(dá)和防撞雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)中,為了能夠迅速準(zhǔn)確地捕獲目標(biāo),都要求收發(fā)天線具備窄波束和抗干擾的性能。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)在水平面內(nèi)的高分辨率掃描的功能,一般使用具有扇形波束的天線,其有很多種實(shí)現(xiàn)方式。本文的主要研究對象為采用拋物反射面的金屬平板天線。在此類天線中,反射面形狀為二維拋物線,其上下底板利用兩塊金屬平板制成,金屬平板的末端張開,進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)垂直方向波束寬度的控制。喇叭饋源置于平板之間,對反射面進(jìn)行照射,利用反射面的口徑寬度產(chǎn)生水平方向上的窄波束。天線適用于機(jī)械掃描的系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)饋源的位置,論文主要內(nèi)容分為以下部分:(1)正饋型拋物反射面天線的研究。當(dāng)拋物面采用水平對稱的配置時,將饋源放置在反射面的中軸線上,即構(gòu)成了正饋拋物反射面天線。此天線是常規(guī)三維拋物面天線的平面版本,由仿真結(jié)果可知,其性能欠佳,主要原因是相對較大的饋源遮擋效應(yīng)。(2)偏饋型天線和糖鏟型天線的研究。當(dāng)采用不對稱的反射面和偏置的饋源設(shè)計時,由于饋源不處于反射區(qū),能夠極大地減少饋源的遮擋效應(yīng)。將饋源和反射面結(jié)構(gòu)整體連接閉合時,即構(gòu)成了所謂的糖鏟型天線。由仿真結(jié)果可知,采用偏饋設(shè)計雖然能夠解決正饋設(shè)計時的遮擋問題,但結(jié)構(gòu)的不對稱性造成了水平面內(nèi)輻射方向圖的不對稱。(3)雙層正饋型天線的研究。提出了一種新型的雙層正饋拋物反射面天線,其饋源與反射面置于不同的隔層,既保留了正饋型天線結(jié)構(gòu)與方向圖對稱的優(yōu)點(diǎn),也解決了遮擋效應(yīng)。通過全波仿真及優(yōu)化設(shè)計,進(jìn)行了實(shí)物加工,并進(jìn)行測試。實(shí)驗結(jié)果驗證了設(shè)計的有效性。
[Abstract]:In most detection and collision prevention radar systems, in order to capture targets quickly and accurately, the antenna is required to have narrow beam and anti-jamming performance. In order to realize the function of high resolution scanning in horizontal plane, the antenna with sector beam is generally used, and there are many ways to realize it. The main research object of this paper is the metal plate antenna with parabolic reflector. In this kind of antenna, the reflector is a two-dimensional parabola, and its upper and lower plates are made of two metal plates, the ends of the metal plates are opened, and the vertical beam width is controlled. The horn feed is placed between the plates to illuminate the reflector, and the narrow beam in horizontal direction is generated by the aperture width of the reflector. The antenna is suitable for mechanical scanning system. According to the position of feed, the main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the research of parabolic reflector antenna with positive feed. When the parabola is disposed horizontally, the feed is placed on the central axis of the reflector, which forms a positive feedback parabolic reflector antenna. This antenna is a plane version of a conventional three-dimensional paraboloid antenna. The simulation results show that the performance of the antenna is poor, mainly due to the relatively large shielding effect of the feed source. (2) the research on the skewed feed antenna and the sugar type antenna. When the asymmetric reflector and the biased feed are designed, the shielding effect of the feed can be greatly reduced because the feed is not in the reflection region. When the feed and reflector structure are connected and closed, the so-called sugar shovel antenna is formed. From the simulation results, we can see that the skew feed design can solve the occlusion problem in the forward feed design, but the asymmetry of the structure results in the asymmetry of the radiation pattern in the horizontal plane. (3) the research of the double-layer forward fed antenna. A new type of double-layer parabolic reflector antenna is proposed in which the feed and reflection surface are placed in different interlayers, which not only preserves the advantages of symmetry of the structure and pattern of the positive feed antenna, but also resolves the occlusion effect. Through the full wave simulation and optimization design, physical processing and testing. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN957.2

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 于臻;余建國;冉小英;;H面矩形喇叭天線的仿真與測試[J];實(shí)驗室研究與探索;2013年06期

2 方能航;章賢鐘;;低副瓣和極低副瓣天線綜述[J];現(xiàn)代雷達(dá);1984年01期

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 魯先龍;谷勝明;王寧;許戎戎;劉昊;呂文中;;應(yīng)用于太赫茲成像的頻率掃描Pillbox天線[A];2015年第十屆全國毫米波、亞毫米波學(xué)術(shù)會議論文集（一）[C];2015年

，

本文編號：2308561