發(fā)布時間：2018-04-18 22:35

  本文選題：諧振式光纖陀螺 + 光子晶體光纖　； 參考：《哈爾濱工程大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：作為新一代的慣性傳感器件,諧振腔光纖陀螺(RFOG)是利用諧振腔中相向傳輸光波的諧振頻率偏差正比于角速度的原理,實現(xiàn)對旋轉(zhuǎn)角速度的測量。相比于較為成熟的干涉式光纖陀螺,諧振式光纖陀螺所需光纖長度僅為干涉式光纖陀螺的幾十到幾百分之一,而且檢測精度高、動態(tài)范圍大,引起了美、日、歐洲等慣性技術(shù)發(fā)達(dá)國家的重視。但是,目前諧振式光纖陀螺技術(shù)發(fā)展并不成熟,主要原因是光纖諧振腔受磁場、溫度的影響大,偏振相關(guān)噪聲和瑞利背向散射噪聲等問題難以解決,限制了諧振式光纖陀螺的發(fā)展。本文提出將光子晶體光纖應(yīng)用于諧振式光纖陀螺的研究中,從高性能光纖設(shè)計、溫度和磁場效應(yīng)抑制、偏振噪聲抑制、背向散射噪聲抑制等方面展開研究,以提高諧振式光纖陀螺的整體性能。主要研究內(nèi)容如下:1、高性能光子晶體光纖設(shè)計及溫度效應(yīng)研究首先介紹了光子晶體光纖的原理,在此基礎(chǔ)上對光子晶體光纖的雙折射進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計,得到雙折射達(dá)10-3量級、具有雙零色散點(diǎn)的八邊形混合結(jié)構(gòu)光子晶體光纖,在此基礎(chǔ)上又對纖芯進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,得到雙折射達(dá)10-2量級的混合纖芯結(jié)構(gòu)光子晶體光纖,并分析了光纖結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對色散和雙折射特性的影響。其次,通過有限元數(shù)值分析方法研究溫度對光子晶體光纖性能的影響,重點(diǎn)研究了有效折射率、雙折射和非線性系數(shù)隨溫度的變化趨勢,并通過曲線擬合的方法得到了光纖特性隨溫度的變化系數(shù)。結(jié)果表明,光子晶體光纖的特性隨溫度的變化遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于傳統(tǒng)光纖,如:光纖折射率隨溫度的變化系數(shù)比傳統(tǒng)光纖降低2個數(shù)量級,雙折射降低1個數(shù)量級等。2、諧振腔偏振特性研究及法拉第相位誤差抑制技術(shù)研究首先分析了基于傳統(tǒng)光纖和全內(nèi)反射型光子晶體光纖諧振腔的諧振曲線、精細(xì)度和靈敏度與光纖和耦合器特性的關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明,基于全內(nèi)反射型光子晶體光纖諧振腔在提高諧振腔整體性能方面和傳統(tǒng)光纖相當(dāng),能夠代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)光纖在諧振式光纖陀螺中得到應(yīng)用。其次,通過瓊斯矩陣?yán)碚摻�立了諧振腔的偏振模型,分析了溫度對諧振曲線的影響,結(jié)果表明,諧振曲線包含兩個本征偏振態(tài),溫度改變將會導(dǎo)致諧振腔兩個偏振態(tài)之間的間隔發(fā)生改變,嚴(yán)重時將會導(dǎo)致兩個本征偏振態(tài)之間發(fā)生重疊,導(dǎo)致諧振曲線發(fā)生畸變。經(jīng)對比發(fā)現(xiàn),光子晶體光纖諧振腔的諧振曲線兩個本征偏振態(tài)之間的間隔要比傳統(tǒng)光纖的大,具有優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)光纖諧振腔的抗溫度干擾能力。同時,對由磁場引起的法拉第相位誤差進(jìn)行了建模分析,結(jié)果表明,光纖長度和扭轉(zhuǎn)率的增大將會導(dǎo)致法拉第相位誤差增大,給陀螺的測量帶來誤差,而高雙折射和低雙折射都具有抑制法拉第誤差的作用。進(jìn)一步的分析表明,高雙折射比低雙折射在抑制法拉第相位誤差方面要好至少一個數(shù)量級。最后,提出一種雙環(huán)諧振腔以降低溫度對諧振曲線偏振態(tài)的影響,并通過實驗測試了不同溫度下諧振腔的諧振曲線,實驗結(jié)果與仿真結(jié)果相一致。通過對比單環(huán)諧振腔和雙環(huán)諧振腔的諧振曲線和偏振誤差可以發(fā)現(xiàn),雙環(huán)諧振腔兩個本征偏振態(tài)在抗溫度干擾方面比單環(huán)諧振腔要好,同時其偏振誤差比單環(huán)諧振腔要低兩個數(shù)量級。3、雙三角波調(diào)制的背向散射噪聲抑制技術(shù)研究首先對光纖環(huán)形諧振腔的動態(tài)響應(yīng)特性進(jìn)行研究,分析了三角波、正弦波和鋸齒波相位調(diào)制技術(shù)下的光纖環(huán)形諧振腔歸一化輸出曲線隨時間的變化特性,重點(diǎn)研究了調(diào)制方式、調(diào)制頻率和調(diào)制系數(shù)對諧振腔輸出的影響。通過對比,施加三角波相位調(diào)制后諧振腔的輸出特性要優(yōu)于正弦波和鋸齒波調(diào)制。其次,提出基于雙三角波相位調(diào)制技術(shù)抑制諧振式光纖陀螺中的背向散射噪聲,并和雙正弦波相位調(diào)制技術(shù)進(jìn)行對比。結(jié)果表明,雙三角波相位調(diào)制技術(shù)比雙正弦波調(diào)制技術(shù)能夠更好地進(jìn)行載波抑制背向散射噪聲的影響。仿真結(jié)果還表明,雙相位調(diào)制系統(tǒng)中兩個相位調(diào)制器的調(diào)制頻率和相位調(diào)制系數(shù)將會影響解調(diào)信號的線性區(qū)域,根據(jù)理論分析得到了相位調(diào)制頻率的最優(yōu)解,并進(jìn)行了仿真驗證。結(jié)果表明,雙三角波相位調(diào)制技術(shù)下的諧振式光纖陀螺系統(tǒng)存在良好的線性工作區(qū)域。
[Abstract]:As a new generation of inertial sensor, resonator fiber optic gyro (RFOG) is based on the principle of resonant frequency deviation is proportional to the transmission light in the resonant cavity to realize the measurement of the angular velocity, angular velocity of rotation. Compared to the interferometric fiber optic gyroscope is mature, resonator fiber optic gyro fiber length is only required one of the dozens of hundreds of interferometric fiber optic gyro, and high precision, large dynamic range, caused by beauty, Inertial Technology Europe and other developed countries attention. However, the resonator fiber optic gyro technology development is not mature, the main reason is the fiber resonator by magnetic field, the influence of temperature, polarization dependent noise and the Rayleigh backscattering noise and other problems difficult to solve, restrict the development of resonator fiber optic gyro. This paper will study the application of photonic crystal fiber in resonator fiber optic gyro, from the design of high performance fiber Inhibition, temperature and magnetic field effect, polarization noise suppression, back scattering noise suppression is studied, in order to improve the overall performance of resonator fiber optic gyro. The main research contents are as follows: 1, photonic crystal fiber and temperature effect on high performance firstly this paper introduces the principle of photonic crystal fiber, based on birefringent photonic crystal fiber to optimize the design, get birefringence of 10-3 magnitude, with two zero dispersion point eight shape mixed structure photonic crystal fiber, on the basis of core optimization, hybrid core photonic crystal fiber structure birefringence reached 10-2 magnitude, and analyzed the influence of structure parameters on the dispersion and optical fiber birefringence. Secondly, through the finite element numerical analysis method to study the effect of temperature on the performance of photonic crystal fiber, focusing on the effective refractive index, birefringence and nonlinear coefficient The change trend of temperature, and through the curve fitting method has characteristics of fiber temperature coefficient. The results show that the properties of photonic crystal fiber with the change of temperature is much lower than that of the traditional optical fiber, such as fiber refractive index and temperature coefficient than conventional fibers decreased by 2 orders of magnitude, the birefringence is reduced by 1 orders of magnitude.2 study on polarization characteristics of resonant cavity and Faraday phase error suppression technology research first analyzes the resonance curve of traditional fiber and total internal reflection photonic crystal fiber resonator based on the relationship between sensitivity and precision and optical fiber coupling device and characteristics. The results show that the total internal reflection photonic crystal fiber resonator to improve the overall the performance of traditional optical resonant cavity and on the same level, can replace the traditional optical fiber used in resonator fiber optic gyro. Secondly, through the Jones matrix theory of resonant cavity The polarization model, analyzes the influence of temperature on resonance curve. The results show that the resonant curve contains two eigen polarization, the temperature change will lead to between the resonant cavity two polarization interval changes, will cause the overlap between the two polarization eigenstate is serious, the resonance curves distortion. By comparison and between the resonance curve of the photonic crystal fiber resonator two eigen polarization interval than the traditional optical fiber, anti jamming ability of temperature is better than that of conventional optical fiber resonant cavity. At the same time, the Faraday caused by the magnetic field phase error were analyzed, the results show that the fiber length and the rate of increase will be reversed to increase the Faraday phase error, measurement error for gyroscope, and high birefringence and low birefringence can inhibit the role of error. Faraday further analysis shows that the high birefringence ratio Low birefringence in the inhibition of the Faraday phase error is at least an order of magnitude. Finally, put forward a kind of double ring resonator in order to reduce the influence of temperature on the resonance curve of polarization state, and test the resonance curve of resonant cavity under different temperature by experiment, the experimental results are consistent with the simulation results. The resonance curve and polarization error compared with single ring resonator and double ring resonator can be found, double ring resonator two eigen polarization in anti interference temperature than single ring resonator is better, while the polarization error is two orders of magnitude lower than.3 single ring resonator, double triangle wave modulation of backscattering noise suppression technology research first the dynamic of the fiber ring resonator response characteristics, analysis of the triangle wave, change characteristics of fiber ring resonator, the normalized curve of output sine wave and sawtooth wave phase modulation technology with time, Focus on the modulation effect of modulation frequency and modulation coefficient on the output of the resonator. By contrast, applying triangle wave phase modulation output characteristics of resonant cavity is superior to the sine wave and sawtooth wave modulation. Secondly, the double triangle wave phase modulation suppression technique in resonator fiber optic gyro based on backscattering noise, and contrast and double sine wave phase modulation technique. The results show that the double triangle wave phase modulation technology than double sine wave modulation technology can better suppress the carrier back scattering effects of noise. The simulation results also show that the dual phase modulation system two phase modulator frequency modulation and phase modulation coefficient will affect the demodulated signal of the linear region according to the theoretical analysis, the optimal solution of the phase modulation frequency, which is validated by simulation. The results show that the resonant double triangle wave phase modulation technology under There is a good linear working area in the optical fiber optic gyroscope system.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN253;TN96

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