發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-04 14:48

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：高速電主軸熱態(tài)性能分析與優(yōu)化　出處：《華中科技大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 電主軸 滾動軸承 溫度場 有限元分析 優(yōu)化

【摘要】：電主軸技術(shù)是隨著高速數(shù)控機(jī)床的發(fā)展和需求而發(fā)展起來的。高速電主軸的工作性能直接影響著機(jī)床加工系統(tǒng)的精度、穩(wěn)定性以及應(yīng)用范圍,其動力學(xué)性能和熱態(tài)特性對高速加工起著關(guān)鍵的作用。因此,需要對高速電主軸內(nèi)部的發(fā)熱和熱傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制進(jìn)行分析和研究,確定能夠準(zhǔn)確計(jì)算電主軸溫度分布的方法,為電主軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)提供有益的參考。 本文首先確定電主軸內(nèi)部主要熱源和熱傳導(dǎo)方式,然后以傳熱學(xué)理論和滾動軸承分析理論為基礎(chǔ),分析得到熱源發(fā)熱、電主軸內(nèi)外部對流換熱和軸承接觸熱傳導(dǎo)的計(jì)算方法,最后利用ANSYS軟件,對電主軸進(jìn)行穩(wěn)態(tài)、瞬態(tài)熱分析和熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合分析,并以主軸加工端熱變形為目標(biāo)函數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。本文的具體工作如下: 通過分析電主軸的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)和運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)特性,確定主要熱源。以滾動軸承分析理論為基礎(chǔ),得到滾動軸承各類轉(zhuǎn)矩和角速度的計(jì)算方法,從而計(jì)算軸承發(fā)熱。通過計(jì)算異步電機(jī)的工作轉(zhuǎn)矩和效率因子,得到確定電機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)熱的方法。然后通過分析軸承滾動體與軸承內(nèi)外圈滾道的接觸狀態(tài),確定計(jì)算滾動體與滾道之間接觸熱導(dǎo)的方法。最后基于傳熱學(xué)理論,分析得到計(jì)算電主軸各部分與冷卻空氣、環(huán)境空氣、油氣潤滑混合物以及冷卻水對流換熱的方法。 在通過以上步驟建立了描述電主軸發(fā)熱及熱傳導(dǎo)的理論模型后,根據(jù)模型計(jì)算得到發(fā)熱率、對流換熱系數(shù)和接觸熱導(dǎo)率在不同轉(zhuǎn)速下的數(shù)值,并作為載荷和邊界條件加載至電主軸有限元模型上,對電主軸的加速和額定轉(zhuǎn)速兩種工作狀態(tài)分別進(jìn)行瞬態(tài)和穩(wěn)態(tài)熱分析,然后以穩(wěn)態(tài)熱分析的溫度場結(jié)果作為載荷,對電主軸進(jìn)行熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合分析,得到電主軸在額定轉(zhuǎn)速下工作的熱變形,最后以前后軸承與電主軸加工端的距離作為設(shè)計(jì)變量,以加工端熱變形作為目標(biāo)函數(shù),進(jìn)行優(yōu)化求解,優(yōu)化電主軸的結(jié)構(gòu)。
[Abstract]:Electric spindle technology is developed with high speed CNC machine tool development and demand. The working performance of high-speed electric spindle directly affect the machining precision of the system, the stability and the scope of application, its dynamics and thermal characteristics plays a key role in high speed machining. Therefore, the need for internal heating and high speed electric spindle the heat conduction mechanism is analyzed and studied, can determine the accurate calculation method of spindle temperature distribution, provide a useful reference for the structural design of the spindle.
This paper first determines the main spindle internal heat source and heat conduction mode, and then to the theory of heat transfer and rolling bearing analysis theory, analysis of the heat generation, calculation method of main internal and external convection and heat conduction of the electrical contact bearings, finally using ANSYS software, the steady state of the electric spindle, coupled transient thermal analysis and structure analysis heat, and to optimize the thermal deformation of the spindle end as the objective function. The main results are summarized as follows:
Through the internal structure and operation characteristics analysis of spindle, determine the main heat source. Based on the rolling bearing analysis theory, calculation method of rolling bearing torque and angular velocity, we can calculate the bearing heating. Through the factor of work efficiency and torque calculation of asynchronous motor, get the method to determine the motor running hot. Then through the analysis of the contact state bearing rolling body and the bearing inner ring raceway, calculation method of contact thermal rolling. Finally, based on the theory of heat transfer analysis, calculated the spindle parts and cooling air, ambient air, lubricating oil and gas mixture and method of cooling water heat convection.
Through the above steps to establish a theoretical model describing the electric spindle heating and heat conduction, according to the heating rate calculation model, numerical heat transfer coefficient and thermal contact conductance at different speeds, and as the load and boundary conditions of loading to the electric spindle FEM model of the motorized spindle, the acceleration and the rated speed of two working conditions are analyzed in transient and steady-state thermal analysis results of temperature field, and then to steady heat as the load, analyze the thermal structure coupling of the electric spindle, get the spindle work at rated speed of thermal deformation, and finally to front and back bearing spindle for machining end distance as the design variables, to the end of the heat processing deformation as the objective function, optimization, structure optimization of spindle.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH133.2

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 趙月娥;王美妍;;高速立式加工中心電主軸的溫升測試及分析[J];新技術(shù)新工藝;2013年08期

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本文編號：1378855