本文關(guān)鍵詞：現(xiàn)代海港演化對城市發(fā)展的地域空間效應(yīng)——以大連為例，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

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摘要：

港口是一類地理空間，更是一種經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)�，F(xiàn)代海港的功能已由最初的海洋運(yùn)輸演變?yōu)閲�際物流中心節(jié)點(diǎn)和全球資源配置樞紐。港口空間作為一種極化區(qū)域，，在實(shí)現(xiàn)自身空間成長的同時(shí)，對其直接腹地——港口城市產(chǎn)生了巨大的地域空間作用，并成為所在城市空間重塑的基本力量。作為“以港立市、以港興市”的典型代表，大連城市發(fā)展與海港演化息息相關(guān)。自開埠以來的100 多年里，大連港城發(fā)展歷史濃縮了中國近現(xiàn)代港口經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的全過程，見證了港城關(guān)系發(fā)展的全貌。結(jié)合大連港城發(fā)展的實(shí)證研究，將港與城的地域空間關(guān)系放入多維度空間框架之下，緊緊抓住“過程—機(jī)理—格局”之間的作用傳遞關(guān)系，考察海港演化在城市尺度的地域空間效應(yīng)。研究結(jié)果顯示，海港交通區(qū)位勢能的產(chǎn)生、鞏固并不斷強(qiáng)化，是海港演化對城市產(chǎn)生地域空間效應(yīng)的源動力，并主要通過臨港產(chǎn)業(yè)空間成長與城市形態(tài)演變、促進(jìn)“港城式”土地利用模式形成、港航特色的軸—輻交通物流空間網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)育等實(shí)現(xiàn)對城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)的牽引和再造，最終從多維度揭示現(xiàn)代海港對城市地域空間效應(yīng)的作用方式與表現(xiàn)形式。

關(guān)鍵詞： 海港區(qū)位勢能   大連   臨港產(chǎn)業(yè)空間   港城式土地利用模式   軸—輻物流網(wǎng)絡(luò)  

基金：

國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41101114，41071094);遼寧省高等學(xué)校創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目(wt2011002)。

1. Center for Studies of Marine Economy and Sustainable Development, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China;   2. Northeast Asian Studies College, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;   3. Management Committee of Dalian Free Trade Zone, Dalian 116600, China  

Abstract：

Seaport is more an economic system than a geographical space. The functions of modern seaport have changed from marine transportation initially to the node of international logistics center and the hub of global resource allocations now. As a polarized area,when its space is growing, the port exerts a great regional spatial impact on the port-city which is the port's directly linked hinterland, and so the port has become the basic driving force of port-city's spatial remodeling. As a typical example that relied upon a seaport to establish itself as a city and prospered from the seaport, Dalian's urban development has been closely related to the seaport's evolution. During the 100 years from the city's beginning to present, the whole developmental history of Dalian's port and Seaport is more an economic system than a geographical space. The functions of modern seaport have changed from marine transportation initially to the node of international logistics center and the hub of global resource allocations now. As a polarized area,when its space is growing, the port exerts a great regional spatial impact on the port-city which is the port's directly linked hinterland, and so the port has become the basic driving force of port-city's spatial remodeling. As a typical example that relied upon a seaport to establish itself as a city and prospered from the seaport, Dalian's urban development has been closely related to the seaport's evolution. During the 100 years from the city's beginning to present, the whole developmental history of Dalian's port and city boiled down to the process of neoteric and modern port economic development in our country and witnessed the history of port-city relationship. Taking the development of Dalian's port and city as an empirical case, this article puts the geographical spatial relationships of port-city into a multi-dimensional spatial frame, firmly grasps the interactions and transitional relations among "process-mechanism-pattern", and investigates the port evolution's geographical spatial effects at the city's scale. Generation, consolidation and continuous reinforcement of potential energy of the city's location in transportation in urban development, port industrial space growth and morphological evolution, promoting the formation of "Sunshine City" land use pattern, and development of Hub-and-Spoke traffic logistics spatial network with the characteristics of port and shipping harbor, are the four major aspects revealing the mechanism and manifestation of the effects of modern seaport on urban geographical space. This article draws two conclusions. On the one hand, the formation, strengthening and aggrandizement of seaport's potential energy of its location in transportation is the source power of seaport's spatial effect on city. The potential energy makes the port-vicinity belt to be the junction station of production factors, promoting regional growth. In the Supply Chain and information age, port's transformation from location advantage to logistics advantage lays the foundations for production factors' convergence in flow age. Contrary to traditional ports focusing on certain industries and foreign trade, modern seaports continuously strengthens integrated service function of logistics, information and so on. The urban regional spatial effect of modern seaport evolution can be described three aspects. (1) At macroscopic level, port evolution drives port-vicinity industrial spatial development and pushes forward the overall urban morphology evolution, which is the main approach and runs through the whole process of port city development. (2) At microcosmic level, formation of port-city's land-use pattern pushes forward the urban internal structure change and urban function optimization, which is a restriction mechanism. Although with the characteristics of port and shipping harbor are weakening when the harbors are relocating to elsewhere, the circular layer model of land use from single-center city or a new port-vicinity city has relative stability. (3) From the perspectives of time characteristics, logistics center is the principal function of a Third Generation port. Compared to traditional ports, the urban regional spatial effects of a modern seaport clearly have different characteristics. By Hub-and-Spoke space network of traffic and logistics, modern ports drive regionalization and networking of port industries and the evolution of its mother city's space, and finally transform seaport cities to resource allocation hubs of the world market.

Keywords： location potential of seaport   urban land use of port-city   space of port industry   Dalian City   Hub-and-Spoke logistics network  

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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：現(xiàn)代海港演化對城市發(fā)展的地域空間效應(yīng)——以大連為例，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。