【摘要】：近年來,我國的經(jīng)濟水平和社會都在高速地前進著,人民的生活習(xí)慣和生活方式發(fā)生著轉(zhuǎn)變,健康意識逐步增強,對于身體健康的需要也越來越強,與健康相關(guān)的健康服務(wù)業(yè)也隨之產(chǎn)生了。但我國的健康服務(wù)業(yè)還處于發(fā)展的初期階段,服務(wù)能力有限,服務(wù)供給量十分欠缺,服務(wù)資源不足,產(chǎn)業(yè)整體規(guī)模不大,難以滿足人民的健康需求。因此,確定健康服務(wù)業(yè)的科學(xué)定義,加大健康服務(wù)業(yè)的建設(shè)力度,健全健康服務(wù)基本制度,提高健康服務(wù)能力成為亟待完成的任務(wù)和目標(biāo)。文章立足全國31個省市(除港、澳、臺),結(jié)合克拉克大分類法、區(qū)域非均衡發(fā)展等理論,以國務(wù)院發(fā)布文件規(guī)定的健康服務(wù)業(yè)科學(xué)內(nèi)涵及外延為基礎(chǔ),以前輩學(xué)者對相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)研究為支持,首先對我國健康服務(wù)業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀做了詳細說明;其次結(jié)合各行業(yè)定量研究探索建立了健康服務(wù)業(yè)測度指標(biāo)體系,并以此為基礎(chǔ),計算出我國各地健康服務(wù)業(yè)水平;最后分析我國各省市健康服務(wù)業(yè)的區(qū)域差異,得出發(fā)展情況和問題,并針對問題提出建議。(1)在全球范圍看來,發(fā)達國家健康服務(wù)業(yè)水平優(yōu)于發(fā)展中國家,中國在衛(wèi)生支出方面處于發(fā)展中國家中至上游位置,現(xiàn)階段水平一般,但平均期望壽命較高,上升空間大。在我國整體來看,醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、養(yǎng)老服務(wù)、保險服務(wù)和其他相關(guān)支撐產(chǎn)業(yè)領(lǐng)域,目前從業(yè)人員、資源、經(jīng)費等方面較從前均有了大幅度提升,進步較快;城鄉(xiāng)間差異仍比較明顯且差距較大,城市健康水平和投入要優(yōu)于農(nóng)村;按健康服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展水平排名東部地區(qū)最好,西部最差,中部居中,差異十分明顯。(2)綜合發(fā)展評價法計算出我國健康服務(wù)業(yè)2008年和2012年綜合發(fā)展水平,我國健康服務(wù)業(yè)總體水平較低,是服務(wù)業(yè)的薄弱環(huán)節(jié),但相對于2008年而言,2012年有著突飛猛進的增長態(tài)勢,進步較快。(3)變異系數(shù)(CV)、泰爾指數(shù)(Theil)、基尼系數(shù)(Gini)、聚類等方法計算健康服務(wù)業(yè)區(qū)域差異,發(fā)現(xiàn)我國健康服務(wù)業(yè)區(qū)域差異較大,發(fā)展不平衡,分類指數(shù)情況各異,地區(qū)分布不均特征顯著,都表現(xiàn)出由東部最優(yōu),向西部最次的遞減態(tài)勢;同時,各地區(qū)健康服務(wù)業(yè)展與當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)有著重大關(guān)系,聯(lián)系緊密。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's economic level and society are advancing at a high speed, people's living habits and lifestyles are changing, health awareness is gradually increasing, and the need for physical health is becoming stronger and stronger. Health-related health services have also emerged. But the health service industry of our country is still in the initial stage of development, the service capacity is limited, the service supply is very short, the service resources are insufficient, the whole scale of the industry is not large, it is difficult to meet the people's health demand. Therefore, it is urgent to define the scientific definition of health service, to strengthen the construction of health service, to perfect the basic system of health service and to improve the ability of health service. Based on the theories of 31 provinces and cities (except Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) and Clark's classification and regional unbalanced development, the article bases on the scientific connotation and extension of health service industry as stipulated in the document issued by the State Council. Based on the previous scholars' research on the related industries, the development of the health service industry in China is explained in detail. Secondly, the index system of health service industry is established based on the quantitative research of various industries, and the level of health service industry in various parts of China is calculated on the basis of the index system. Finally, this paper analyzes the regional differences of health services in various provinces and cities of China, draws the development situation and problems, and puts forward some suggestions for the problems. (1) the level of health services in developed countries is better than that in developing countries in the global scope. China is in the middle to the upper reaches of the developing countries in health expenditure. At this stage, the level is average, but the average life expectancy is high, and there is a lot of room for increase. In our country as a whole, health care, old-age services, insurance services and other related support industries, the current employees, resources, funds and other aspects of the past have been greatly improved, the progress is faster; The difference between urban and rural areas is still obvious and large, urban health level and investment is better than rural; The health service industry is ranked as the best in the eastern region, the worst in the west and the middle in the middle. (2) Comprehensive development evaluation method calculates the comprehensive development level of health service industry in 2008 and 2012. The overall level of health services in China is relatively low, which is the weak link of the service industry, but compared with 2008, there was a rapid growth trend in 2012. (3) the coefficient of variation (CV),) (Theil), index. Gini coefficient (Gini), clustering method was used to calculate the regional difference of health service industry. It was found that the regional difference of health service industry in China was large, the development of health service industry was not balanced, the situation of classification index was different, and the characteristics of uneven regional distribution were significant, all of them showed the best results from the eastern region. The most secondary decline to the west; At the same time, the regional health services show and the local economic infrastructure has a major relationship, close ties.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F719

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