發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-01 12:27

【摘要】：21世紀(jì)的市場競爭，是供應(yīng)鏈與供應(yīng)鏈之間的競爭，農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域也不例外。隨著市場競爭激烈程度的增加，食品安全問題也日益頻發(fā)。作為人們賴以生存的必需品，，眾多消費(fèi)者對食品的質(zhì)量安全要求越來越嚴(yán)格，食品供應(yīng)鏈源頭管理的重要性凸顯。雖然供應(yīng)鏈管理理論在不斷成熟和完善，但是如何在供應(yīng)鏈環(huán)境下保障食品安全質(zhì)量問題成為世界范圍內(nèi)的研究熱點(diǎn)。 RFID技術(shù)是21世紀(jì)最重要的新技術(shù)之一，人們已經(jīng)把其大量運(yùn)用到供應(yīng)鏈管理領(lǐng)域。RFID技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)，克服了供應(yīng)鏈管理中存在的許多問題，尤其有利于克服目前質(zhì)量問題頻發(fā)的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)鏈的問題。有鑒于此，本文以“基于RFID的有機(jī)食品供應(yīng)鏈運(yùn)作策略研究”為題開展了研究工作，主要回答了兩個(gè)大問題：一是實(shí)施RFID是否必要，二是由哪個(gè)主體來實(shí)施RFID技術(shù)。旨在分析清楚在供應(yīng)鏈環(huán)境下，如何保障供應(yīng)鏈運(yùn)作中食品質(zhì)量安全、RFID技術(shù)的實(shí)施是否會使總體供應(yīng)鏈績效達(dá)到更優(yōu)、由哪個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)來實(shí)施RFID技術(shù)會進(jìn)而優(yōu)化整個(gè)供應(yīng)鏈等問題。總的目標(biāo)是利用各種供應(yīng)鏈管理優(yōu)化思想和技術(shù)達(dá)到全面保障食品質(zhì)量安全的效果。在本文中，首先通過構(gòu)建三種最基本的模型，分析和比較了不同市場和不同渠道采用RFID時(shí)所發(fā)生的變化以及發(fā)生這種變化的原因，為供應(yīng)鏈企業(yè)的決策提供了良好的借鑒與支持。然后，通過選定食品供應(yīng)鏈上的幾個(gè)主要環(huán)節(jié)，在三種不同情形下來分析RFID實(shí)施主體的選擇策略。 在分析市場結(jié)構(gòu)選擇策略時(shí),通過構(gòu)建低端市場無RFID模型，高端市場有RFID模型和雙渠道模型，分析了不同市場和不同渠道采用RFID運(yùn)作策略時(shí)各自的利潤、需求和價(jià)格所發(fā)生的變化以及發(fā)生這種變化的原因。研究結(jié)果表明：產(chǎn)品之間的替代率和高端市場的基本市場占有率這兩個(gè)因素影響渠道選擇，并且基本市場占有率的大小又受到產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量高低的影響；在進(jìn)行渠道選擇時(shí)，無論兩個(gè)影響因素如何變化，雙渠道市場始終是最優(yōu)的選擇。 在分析RFID實(shí)施主體選擇策略時(shí)，通過假設(shè)基本食品供應(yīng)鏈模型的三種不同情形，分析了農(nóng)民和物流企業(yè)采用RFID運(yùn)作策略時(shí)各自的利潤、需求和價(jià)格所發(fā)生的變化以及發(fā)生這種變化的原因。研究結(jié)果表明：供應(yīng)鏈上游的任意一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)來實(shí)施RFID，都能夠促進(jìn)該環(huán)節(jié)提高其產(chǎn)品安全水平，還可以促使供應(yīng)鏈上其他的環(huán)節(jié)提供更加安全的產(chǎn)品。此時(shí)，實(shí)施者能夠從供應(yīng)鏈可追溯性的提高中獲益。但是，在大部分情形下由物流公司來實(shí)施會比農(nóng)民來實(shí)施更優(yōu)。
[Abstract]:The market competition in the 21 st century is the competition between supply chain and supply chain, and agriculture is no exception. With the increase of fierce market competition, food safety issues are increasingly frequent. As a necessity for people to survive, many consumers have more and more strict requirements for food quality and safety, and the importance of food supply chain source management is prominent. Although supply chain management theory is maturing and perfecting, how to ensure food safety and quality in supply chain environment has become a worldwide research hotspot. RFID technology is one of the most important new technologies in the 21st century. It has been widely used in the field of supply chain management. RFID technology has overcome many problems in supply chain management, especially in the supply chain of agricultural products with frequent quality problems. In view of this, this paper focuses on the research on the strategy of organic food supply chain operation based on RFID, and mainly answers two major questions: whether it is necessary to implement RFID and which main body is to implement RFID technology. The purpose of this paper is to analyze whether the implementation of food quality safety and RFID technology in the supply chain environment will make the overall supply chain performance better, and which link the implementation of RFID technology will optimize the whole supply chain and so on. The overall goal is to use various supply chain management optimization ideas and techniques to achieve a comprehensive food quality and safety. In this paper, three basic models are constructed to analyze and compare the changes of RFID in different markets and channels. It provides a good reference and support for the decision of supply chain enterprises. Then, by selecting several main links in the food supply chain, this paper analyzes the selection strategy of RFID implementing agents in three different situations. In the analysis of market structure selection strategy, by constructing the low-end market without RFID model, the high-end market has RFID model and dual-channel model, the paper analyzes the respective profits of different markets and different channels using RFID operation strategy. Changes in demand and prices and the reasons for this change. The results show that the substitution rate between products and the basic market share of the high-end market affect the channel selection, and the size of the basic market share is affected by the quality of the product. No matter how the two factors change, the double channel market is always the best choice. This paper analyzes the main selection strategy of RFID and analyzes the profits of farmers and logistics enterprises when they adopt RFID operation strategy by assuming three different situations of basic food supply chain model. Changes in demand and prices and the reasons for this change. The results show that any link in the upstream of the supply chain to implement RFID, can promote this link to improve the level of product safety, and can also promote the supply chain of other links to provide more safe products. At this point, implementers can benefit from the increased traceability of the supply chain. But in most cases, logistics companies are better off than farmers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP391.44;F274;F717.6

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