發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-07 16:29

  本文選題：超級稻 + 農(nóng)藝要求��； 參考：《東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：普通稻機(jī)插育秧通常要求每取秧面積為3~7株秧苗,而超級稻則要求2±1株,并且為降低空穴率,秧苗需在秧盤上呈均勻分布狀態(tài),這不僅需要有提供給每取秧面積2±1粒種子的精播裝置,而且排出的種子在秧盤上應(yīng)準(zhǔn)確定位,這樣才能確保秧盤上每取秧面積都有準(zhǔn)確數(shù)量的種子,滿足超高產(chǎn)粳稻盤育秧每取秧面積2±1粒的播種精度要求。本文根據(jù)超級稻與普通稻種植農(nóng)藝要求的差異,結(jié)合現(xiàn)有的研究成果,針對我國北方目前超高產(chǎn)粳稻育秧設(shè)備存在的一些問題,以及國內(nèi)外的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,以北方超高產(chǎn)粳稻為研究對象,進(jìn)行種子定向連續(xù)輸送、精量分離和定位排種機(jī)理及機(jī)構(gòu)創(chuàng)新與關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究,在紙夾定位水稻精密育秧設(shè)備研究基礎(chǔ)上,研發(fā)出具有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的北方粳型超高產(chǎn)水稻工廠化育秧和田間集約化育苗的通用輕簡育秧播種設(shè)備,促進(jìn)我國北方超高產(chǎn)粳稻育秧技術(shù)的發(fā)展并完善育秧裝備。本文首先針對超級稻芽種千粒重、休止角等物理-力學(xué)特性進(jìn)行分析;對超級稻育秧排種裝置的總體結(jié)構(gòu)及其工作原理進(jìn)行闡述;重點(diǎn)對種子單粒分離機(jī)構(gòu)、多桿機(jī)構(gòu)、組合滑道等關(guān)鍵部件的設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行理論分析和研究,確定了關(guān)鍵部件的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸和并對相關(guān)參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化;對多桿機(jī)構(gòu)分析得出曲柄長度l1=7.7mm、連桿長度l2=23mm,搖桿長度l3=26mm、固定桿長度l4=37mm、推種桿長度l5=36mm、安裝角θ1=64°、拐角θ3=12°時(shí),輸出點(diǎn)E的D字形軌跡的形狀大小與姿態(tài)滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求,且軌跡的水平方向最大位移為S=15.2mm,垂直方向最大位移為H=9mm,同設(shè)計(jì)要求基本一致。使用Solidworks對超級稻排種裝置進(jìn)行三維模型建立,總體裝配;用Adams對建立的三維模型進(jìn)行仿真分析,對推種點(diǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)特性進(jìn)行分析,驗(yàn)證排種裝置是否滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求;對試驗(yàn)臺托板進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析,規(guī)避共振。對推種頻率、滑道夾角、推種板的齒距進(jìn)行單因素試驗(yàn)研究,分析每種因素對排種性能指標(biāo)的影響;采用Design-Expert8.05軟件進(jìn)行三因素三水平試驗(yàn)分析,并對結(jié)果進(jìn)行回歸分析;分析各因素交互作用對排種性能指標(biāo)的影響,并對所得結(jié)果進(jìn)行參數(shù)優(yōu)化,確定了最佳組合為當(dāng)推種頻率為2r/s、滑道夾角為45°、齒間距為9.6mm時(shí),播種合格率98.3247%,2粒種子數(shù)61.4631%。
[Abstract]:In order to reduce the hole rate, the seedlings need to be distributed evenly on the seedling tray in order to reduce the hole rate, which is usually required to be 3 or 7 seedlings per seedling area, but 2 鹵1 for super rice. This requires not only a fine seeding device that provides 2 鹵1 seeds per seedling area, but also a precise location of the seeds discharged on the seedling tray, so as to ensure that there is an accurate number of seeds per seedling area on the seedling tray. It can meet the requirement of sowing precision of 2 鹵1 seeds per seedling area in rice tray for super high yield japonica rice. According to the difference of agronomic requirements between super rice and common rice, combined with the existing research results, this paper aims at some problems existing in the raising equipment of super high yield japonica rice in the north of China, as well as the development situation at home and abroad. In this paper, the mechanism, mechanism innovation and key technology of seed directionally continuous transportation, precision separation, positioning and seeding, and key techniques were studied on the basis of the research on paper clip positioning rice precision seedling raising equipment, taking the super high yield japonica rice in the north as the research object. In order to promote the development of seedling raising technology and improve the raising equipment of rice seedlings in northern China, a general-purpose light and simple planting equipment was developed, which has its own intellectual property right for industrial seedling raising and intensive seedling raising in northern japonica rice with super high yield in the north of China. In this paper, the physical-mechanical properties of super rice bud seed, such as 1000-grain weight, angle of repose, etc., are analyzed firstly; the overall structure and working principle of the super rice seedling raising and seeding device are expounded; the single seed seperation mechanism and the multi-bar mechanism are emphasized. The design of key components such as combined slide track is theoretically analyzed and studied, and the structural dimensions of key components are determined and the relevant parameters are optimized. Through the analysis of the multi-bar mechanism, it is found that when the length of crank is l1n 7.7mm, the length of connecting rod is 12mm, the length of rocker is 23mm, the length of fixed rod is l4n 37mm, the length of propeller rod is l50.36mm, the angle of installation is 64 擄, and the angle is 12 擄, the shape and attitude of D shape locus of output point E meet the design requirements. The maximum displacement in the horizontal direction is 15.2 mm in the horizontal direction and the maximum displacement in the vertical direction is 9 mm in the vertical direction, which is basically consistent with the design requirement. The 3D model of super rice seed metering device was built by Solidworks, and the whole assembly was assembled. The 3D model was simulated and analyzed by Adams, and the movement characteristics of the seed pushing point were analyzed to verify whether the seed metering device could meet the design requirements. The modal analysis is carried out to avoid resonance. Single factor test was carried out to analyze the influence of each factor on seeding performance index, and Design-Expert8.05 software was used to carry out three factors and three levels test analysis, and the results were analyzed by regression analysis. The effect of the interaction of various factors on the seeding performance was analyzed, and the results were optimized. The optimum combination was determined as follows: when the frequency of seeding was 2r / s, the angle of sliding path was 45 擄, and the distance between teeth was 9.6mm, the qualified rate of seeding was 98.324772 seeds and the number of seeds was 61.4631.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S223.2

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 朱德峰;陳惠哲;徐一成;;我國水稻機(jī)械種植的發(fā)展前景與對策[J];農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)與裝備;2007年01期

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本文編號：1857637