發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-03 20:23

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：反就業(yè)歧視與平等就業(yè)權(quán)之保障研究　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 平等就業(yè)權(quán) 反就業(yè)歧視 就業(yè)促進(jìn) 資源分配平等 機(jī)會(huì)平等

【摘要】：勞動(dòng)是一個(gè)人滿足生存需求和實(shí)現(xiàn)自身價(jià)值的基本手段,而就業(yè)是勞動(dòng)者實(shí)現(xiàn)勞動(dòng)權(quán)利和履行勞動(dòng)義務(wù)的重要前提。按照馬斯洛的需求層次理論,勞動(dòng)權(quán)既體現(xiàn)為一種維持生存的最基本要求,也體現(xiàn)為一種自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的需要,因此即是一種最低層次的需求,也是一種最高層次的需求。就業(yè)權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)除了關(guān)系到勞動(dòng)者的生存權(quán)之外,還影響到勞動(dòng)者的發(fā)展權(quán)。平等就業(yè)權(quán)是人人生而平等的基本人權(quán)理論在就業(yè)領(lǐng)域的重要體現(xiàn)。平等就業(yè)權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)需要國(guó)家通過(guò)立法、司法等強(qiáng)制手段,也需要社會(huì)各界通過(guò)守法來(lái)共同促進(jìn)和諧勞動(dòng)關(guān)系的建立。我國(guó)在計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代就業(yè)采取的是統(tǒng)一安排的分配政策,勞動(dòng)者和用人單位都沒(méi)有選擇的權(quán)利,談不上所謂的平等就業(yè)；實(shí)行市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)之后,更多地關(guān)注的是經(jīng)濟(jì)總量的增長(zhǎng)和就業(yè)率的保障,忽略了就業(yè)過(guò)程中的公平公正問(wèn)題。在長(zhǎng)期嚴(yán)峻的就業(yè)形勢(shì)之下,勞動(dòng)者往往處于弱勢(shì)地位,就業(yè)過(guò)程中的各種不公正行為越演越烈,各種就業(yè)歧視現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重侵害者勞動(dòng)者的平等就業(yè)權(quán)。 平等就業(yè)權(quán)意味著勞動(dòng)者在就業(yè)過(guò)程中享有平等的就業(yè)權(quán)利和資格、公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的機(jī)會(huì)以及免予歧視的對(duì)待。平等就業(yè)權(quán)既包含形式意義上的平等,也意味著追求實(shí)質(zhì)意義上的平等。由于我國(guó)正處于社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期,社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展滯后于經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的演變,同時(shí)相關(guān)就業(yè)立法滯后于社會(huì)發(fā)展的需求,導(dǎo)致就業(yè)中的各種歧視層出不窮。平等就業(yè)權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)和保障需要以反就業(yè)歧視為切入點(diǎn),以立法、執(zhí)法和司法過(guò)程中建立完備的就業(yè)法律制度,同時(shí)建立有效的平等就業(yè)權(quán)的救濟(jì)和監(jiān)督制度。促進(jìn)就業(yè)、保障公民平等就業(yè)權(quán)是我國(guó)建設(shè)社會(huì)主義法治國(guó)家并實(shí)現(xiàn)和諧社會(huì)亟待解決的問(wèn)題,對(duì)我國(guó)公平正義的核心價(jià)值體系建設(shè)具有重要意義。 本文正文部分分為四個(gè)部分。第一章介紹平等就業(yè)權(quán)的思想淵源和發(fā)展歷程,通過(guò)國(guó)際社會(huì)和國(guó)內(nèi)平等就業(yè)權(quán)相關(guān)理論發(fā)展脈絡(luò),為平等就業(yè)權(quán)制度構(gòu)建提供基礎(chǔ)理論。平等思想和人權(quán)理念是平等就業(yè)權(quán)的基本思想淵源,作為國(guó)際勞工權(quán)利保護(hù)組織的國(guó)際勞工組織的成立及一系列促進(jìn)就業(yè)公平的公約、條約的簽訂,為國(guó)際平等就業(yè)權(quán)保障提供立法和制度依據(jù)。各國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)立法和司法對(duì)平等就業(yè)權(quán)的保障在西方社會(huì)民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)和各項(xiàng)反歧視運(yùn)動(dòng)中得到了轟轟烈烈的發(fā)展。第二章主要介紹平等就業(yè)權(quán)的保護(hù)原則和限制原則。平等就業(yè)權(quán)的保護(hù)原則包括平等保護(hù)原則和特殊保護(hù)原則。作為保護(hù)原則例外的限制原則包括合理的職業(yè)資格限制、特定職位的特殊需要限制和競(jìng)業(yè)禁止限制等。第三章分析對(duì)平等就業(yè)權(quán)造成實(shí)質(zhì)侵害的就業(yè)歧視現(xiàn)象的現(xiàn)狀和成因。我國(guó)就業(yè)領(lǐng)域的歧視呈現(xiàn)多樣化的趨勢(shì),同時(shí)就業(yè)歧視的成因既有傳統(tǒng)思想觀念的影響,又有經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域的勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)供求關(guān)系的影響,同時(shí)還包括二元化的戶籍制度這一國(guó)家基本制度方面的原因。第四章介紹我國(guó)平等就業(yè)權(quán)保障的制度現(xiàn)狀和制度完善構(gòu)建。我國(guó)現(xiàn)行平等就業(yè)權(quán)保障體系在立法和司法體系都有一定的基本制度體系,但是現(xiàn)有制度體系存在較多的缺陷,我國(guó)平等就業(yè)權(quán)保障需要在借鑒國(guó)外反就業(yè)歧視經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn),并在總結(jié)現(xiàn)有制度體系的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和不足的基礎(chǔ)上,深入分析我國(guó)勞動(dòng)就業(yè)基本制度和立法司法實(shí)踐,制定合理有效的平等就業(yè)權(quán)保障制度體系。
[Abstract]:Labor is a personal subsistence and basic means to realize their own value, and the employment is an important prerequisite for employees to realize their rights and perform their obligations. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, labor rights embodied as one of the most basic requirements for survival, is also a kind of self realization need, so it is a minimum level of demand, is also a demand for the highest level of employment. In addition to the realization of the right to the worker's right to exist, but also affects the development rights of workers. Equal employment rights are all created equal basic human rights theory embodies in the field of employment. The realization of equal employment rights through national needs the legislative, judicial and other coercive means, also need the community through the law to jointly promote the establishment of harmonious labor relations in China. In the era of the planned economy employment is arranged The distribution policy, workers and employers have the right to choose, not to mention the so-called equal employment; after the implementation of the market economy, more attention is the total economic growth and employment protection, ignored the issue of fairness and justice in the process of employment. In the long term severe employment situation, workers are often in a weak in the process of employment status, all kinds of injustice intensified, and employment discrimination are serious violations of equal employment rights of workers.
Equal employment rights mean that workers enjoy equal employment rights and qualifications in the course of employment opportunities and fair competition, with exemption from discrimination of equal employment right. It includes both the form of equality, also means that the pursuit of substantive equality. Because our country is in the period of social transformation, the evolution of social structure lag in the economic structure, and the relevant employment legislation lags behind the needs of social development, leading to a variety of discrimination in employment. The emerge in an endless stream of equal employment rights and protection to anti discrimination in employment as the starting point, in the legislation, establish a complete legal system of employment law enforcement and judicial process, and establish effective equal employment right the relief and supervision system. To promote employment, safeguard citizens equal employment rights is the problem of building a socialist country ruled by law and realize the harmonious society of our country to be solved urgently. The construction of the core value system of fairness and justice is of great significance.
This text is divided into four parts. The first chapter introduces the equal employment right thoughts origin and development, through the context of the international community and domestic equal employment rights theory development, provide the theoretical basis for the right to equal employment system. Equality and human rights concept is the basic ideological origins of equal employment rights, the establishment of the International Labour Organization protection the rights of the International Labour Organization and a series of employment promotion fair as a convention, the signing of the treaty, to provide legislative and institutional basis for the equal employment rights protection. National legislation and judicial protection of equal employment rights in western society, the civil rights movement and the anti discrimination campaign got with vigour and vitality development. Protection principles and restrictions the second chapter mainly introduces the principle of equal employment rights. Equal right to employment protection principles include the principle of equal protection and special protection as the principle. The principle of limiting protection principle exception including restrictions on reasonable occupation qualification, the specific position of the special needs of restriction and prohibition restrict. The third chapter analyzes the status quo and the causes of the employment discrimination caused substantial damage on equal employment right. In the field of our country employment discrimination has diversified trend, and employment discrimination are caused the influence of traditional ideas, and the relationship between supply and demand of the labor market in the economic field, but also includes two reasons of the household registration system, the basic system of the country. The fourth chapter introduces the system status and system of our country to improve the construction of equal right to employment security. The equal employment rights are the basic security system in China the system in the legislation and judicial system, but there are many defects in the existing system, China's equal right to employment security needs in foreign anti employment discrimination Based on the experience and lessons learned and summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of the existing system, we thoroughly analyze the basic system and legislation practice of labor employment in China, and work out a reasonable and effective guarantee system for equal employment rights.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.5

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