【摘要】：拆船業(yè)被稱為“無煙冶金工業(yè)”,對(duì)資源進(jìn)行循環(huán)利用,為老舊船舶的退役提供了一條良好的途徑。拆船也的發(fā)展可以迅速拆解超齡船舶以免污染海洋環(huán)境,另一方面提供大量的鋼材,減少從國外進(jìn)口廢鋼和鐵礦石的費(fèi)用支出。 同時(shí),拆船行業(yè)也是一個(gè)高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和高污染的行業(yè),如果不對(duì)拆船行業(yè)進(jìn)行規(guī)制,容易造成拆船環(huán)境污染而且容易對(duì)于拆船工人的人身和安全造成危害。為了最大限度的實(shí)現(xiàn)安全和無害環(huán)境拆船,2009年5月在香港通過了《國際安全和無害化環(huán)境拆船公約》,公約成為首部在全球范圍內(nèi)使用的有關(guān)拆船的國際強(qiáng)制性規(guī)定。 目前中國的拆船相關(guān)法律條文見在各個(gè)法律規(guī)范中,且法律規(guī)范效力不一,需要理清；仍然許多相關(guān)法律空白處,需要提出相關(guān)立法建議。《香港公約》的實(shí)行要求國內(nèi)法化,近兩年,中國也加快了拆船的相關(guān)立法。為此,對(duì)拆船相關(guān)法律問題的分析是具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)價(jià)值的。 本文在引言中首先介紹了文章的研究意義、研究內(nèi)容和研究現(xiàn)狀。正文部分主要分為五個(gè)部分,拆船的概述,并根據(jù)拆船的主體,客體,直接行為人來闡述各自的相關(guān)法律規(guī)范,最后闡述拆船污染的法律責(zé)任。第一部分概述了拆船行業(yè),以及整理了我國國內(nèi)拆船的規(guī)范行法律文件,對(duì)主要的規(guī)定進(jìn)行介紹并加以分析指出其存在的缺陷和不足；并對(duì)相關(guān)的國際公約進(jìn)行分析；第二部分針對(duì)于拆船的客體——廢船,比較了國內(nèi)法和香港公約的相關(guān)規(guī)定,并提出相關(guān)的建議；第三部分針對(duì)于拆船的主體——拆船企業(yè),比較了國內(nèi)法和香港公約的相關(guān)規(guī)定,并提出相關(guān)的建議；第四部分針對(duì)于拆船的直接行為人——拆船工人,比較了國內(nèi)法和香港公約的相關(guān)規(guī)定,并提出相關(guān)建議。第五部分闡述了拆船污染的法律責(zé)任,并以行政責(zé)任,民事責(zé)任,刑事責(zé)任來劃分拆船污染的相關(guān)法律責(zé)任。
[Abstract]:Ship dismantling industry is called "smoke-free metallurgical industry". Recycling of resources provides a good way for the decommissioning of old ships. The development of ship dismantling can quickly dismantle over-age ships to avoid polluting the marine environment, on the other hand, provide a large number of steel, reduce the cost of importing scrap and iron ore from abroad. At the same time, ship dismantling industry is also a high risk and high pollution industry, if the ship dismantling industry is not regulated, it is easy to cause ship dismantling environmental pollution and easy to cause harm to the personal and safety of ship dismantling workers. In order to maximize the safe and environmentally sound dismantling of ships, the International Convention on the safe and harmless Environmental dismantling of ships was adopted in Hong Kong in May 2009, which became the first international mandatory requirement for ship dismantling to be used on a global scale. At present, the relevant legal provisions of ship dismantling in China are seen in various legal norms, and the effects of legal norms are different, so it needs to be clarified. There are still many gaps in relevant laws, and relevant legislative suggestions need to be put forward. The implementation of the Hong Kong Convention requires domestic legalization, and in the past two years, China has also accelerated the relevant legislation on ship dismantling. Therefore, the analysis of the legal issues related to ship dismantling is of practical significance and practical value. In the introduction, this paper first introduces the research significance, research content and research status. The main body is mainly divided into five parts, an overview of ship dismantling, and according to the subject, object and direct actor of ship dismantling, the relevant legal norms are expounded, and finally the legal liability of ship dismantling pollution is expounded. The first part summarizes the ship dismantling industry, as well as collates the domestic legal documents of ship dismantling, introduces and analyzes the main provisions and points out its defects and shortcomings, and analyzes the relevant international conventions. The second part compares the relevant provisions of domestic law and Hong Kong Convention for the object of ship dismantling-waste ship, and puts forward some relevant suggestions. The third part compares the relevant provisions of domestic law and Hong Kong Convention for the main body of ship dismantling enterprises, and puts forward some relevant suggestions. The fourth part compares the relevant provisions of domestic law and Hong Kong Convention for the direct perpetrator of ship dismantling, and puts forward some relevant suggestions. The fifth part expounds the legal liability of ship dismantling pollution, and divides the related legal liability of ship dismantling pollution by administrative liability, civil liability and criminal liability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D996;D922.6;F426.474

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 高蕾;多層次灰色評(píng)價(jià)法在船舶再循環(huán)中的應(yīng)用研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2012年

2 石嘉;防止拆船環(huán)境污染法律問題研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：2477896