發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-02 14:04

【摘要】：自從建立貿(mào)易關(guān)系到現(xiàn)在，中美貿(mào)易交往日益密切，其中不可避免地存在摩擦與矛盾，，中美貿(mào)易的發(fā)展道路十分曲折。逐漸地，美國(guó)成為與中國(guó)發(fā)生貿(mào)易摩擦最頻繁、最激烈的國(guó)家。一方面我們可以看到的是龐大的美國(guó)市場(chǎng)、潛在的巨大的中國(guó)市場(chǎng)以及日益密切的經(jīng)貿(mào)往來(lái)；另一方面我們也應(yīng)該意識(shí)到美國(guó)的經(jīng)貿(mào)政策是結(jié)合經(jīng)濟(jì)利益與政治利益為一體的政策。面對(duì)此境遇，不知道中美貿(mào)易未來(lái)走勢(shì)將會(huì)如何。 本文首先通過(guò)回顧近年來(lái)中美貿(mào)易摩擦的具體事件從而分析出中美貿(mào)易摩擦的新特點(diǎn)有政治化傾向加劇、摩擦的復(fù)合性、常態(tài)性、以及對(duì)地區(qū)乃至全球的聯(lián)動(dòng)效應(yīng)，其次探討中美貿(mào)易摩擦愈演愈烈的原因在于中美貿(mào)易逆差狀態(tài)、美國(guó)貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義嚴(yán)重以及我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)自身的缺陷導(dǎo)致。文章第二部分著重分析了利用WTO爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制解決中美貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端的必要性與障礙，闡述何為WTO爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制，發(fā)展中國(guó)家為何應(yīng)利用該機(jī)制，以及我國(guó)利用該機(jī)制解決中美貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端的障礙。最后，文章探討了我國(guó)利用WTO爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制解決貿(mào)易摩擦的方法和策略。 筆者認(rèn)為，中美貿(mào)易摩擦是兩種體制碰撞下的歷史必然結(jié)果，對(duì)此我們應(yīng)該積極對(duì)待，并主動(dòng)采取行動(dòng)，找出大環(huán)境下的自身原因。我國(guó)應(yīng)健全適合WTO規(guī)則的法律制度，在扶持企業(yè)發(fā)展的過(guò)程中，應(yīng)該注重對(duì)企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)環(huán)境的優(yōu)化而并非簡(jiǎn)單地用資金支持。另外我國(guó)應(yīng)建立針對(duì)美國(guó)貿(mào)易信息的動(dòng)態(tài)預(yù)警機(jī)制并建立專門針對(duì)中美貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端的研究和咨詢機(jī)構(gòu)，同時(shí)我國(guó)更為積極主動(dòng)地起訴應(yīng)訴，采取適當(dāng)?shù)膱?bào)復(fù)行動(dòng)從而維護(hù)自身的利益。在國(guó)際法層面，文章提出我國(guó)應(yīng)在WTO規(guī)則改革中體現(xiàn)更多主動(dòng)性、發(fā)揮更大話語(yǔ)權(quán)，應(yīng)積極參與并推動(dòng)WTO反傾銷規(guī)則、反補(bǔ)貼規(guī)則及保障措施制度的規(guī)范與改革。
[Abstract]:Since the establishment of trade relations between China and the United States, trade exchanges between China and the United States have become increasingly close, in which inevitably there are frictions and contradictions, and the development path of Sino-US trade is very zigzag. Gradually, the United States has become the most frequent and fiercest country in trade friction with China. On the one hand, what we can see is the huge American market, the potential huge Chinese market and the increasingly close economic and trade exchanges; On the other hand, we should realize that the economic and trade policy of the United States is a combination of economic and political interests. In the face of this situation, I do not know what the future trend of Sino-US trade will be. First of all, by reviewing the specific events of Sino-US trade friction in recent years, this paper analyzes the new characteristics of Sino-US trade friction, such as the aggravation of politicization, the compound and normality of friction, and the linkage effect on the region and even the whole world. Secondly, the reason why the Sino-US trade friction is increasing is due to the state of Sino-US trade deficit, the serious trade protectionism of the United States and the defects of our economy. The second part of the article focuses on the necessity and obstacles of using WTO dispute settlement mechanism to resolve Sino-US trade disputes, expounds what is the WTO dispute settlement mechanism, and why developing countries should make use of this mechanism. And China's use of this mechanism to resolve Sino-US trade disputes obstacles. Finally, this paper discusses the methods and strategies of using WTO dispute settlement mechanism to solve trade frictions in China. The author thinks that the trade friction between China and the United States is the inevitable result of the collision between the two systems. We should treat it positively and take the initiative to find out its own reasons under the general environment. China should perfect the legal system suitable for the WTO rules. In the process of supporting the development of enterprises, we should pay attention to the optimization of the business environment of the enterprises rather than simply using funds to support them. In addition, China should establish a dynamic early-warning mechanism for US trade information and establish research and advisory bodies specifically for Sino-US trade disputes, and at the same time, China should be more proactive in prosecuting and responding to complaints. Take appropriate retaliatory action in order to defend your own interests. At the level of international law, the article puts forward that China should embody more initiative and give full play to the right of speech in the reform of WTO rules, and should actively participate in and promote the norms and reforms of the anti-dumping rules, countervailing rules and safeguard measures of WTO.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D996.1;F752

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