本文選題：索馬里海盜贖金 + 單獨海損　； 參考：《華東政法大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：活躍于索馬里海域的海盜不斷的給過往的商船造成威脅。2008年12月16日,聯(lián)合國安理會通過了1851號決議,授權各國使用海陸空力量,上岸或者利用空襲打擊索馬里海盜。這項決議授權各國在獲取索馬里政府許可的情況前提下,采用一切必要手段包括陸地或者空中力量制止海盜活動和海上武裝搶劫行為。政府力量的介入一定程度上遏制了海盜行為,但因索馬里海盜行為而產生的一系列國際法上的問題仍然困擾著各國學者。海盜贖金問題即是其突出的表現(xiàn)之一�，F(xiàn)有資料表明,以往海盜劫持船舶基本上都是搶劫貨物及船上的現(xiàn)有財產,并對可能對船上人員進行人身傷害,但索馬里海盜呈現(xiàn)出不同的特征。他們僅僅扣留船只、貨物和船上人員以索取相應贖金,并不對船貨及船員安全造成損害。這種形式的海盜行為與現(xiàn)有的國際法律制度不符使得海盜贖金最后各方如何償付及分攤成為爭論焦點。本文從索馬里海盜行為的差異性著手,逐步探討解決此種贖金分攤問題的可能方式。 本文正文部分分為四章。第一章主要介紹了索馬里海盜行為的特點以及由此引發(fā)的相關問題。從海盜行為的定義著手,通過比較分析出索馬里海盜行為的特殊性即不搶劫船舶和船上貨物,而只以此為要挾勒索贖金。第二章分析了索馬里海盜贖金的構成。理論上對索馬里海盜贖金進行了分解,將其分割為船舶贖金、貨物贖金以及人員贖金三個部分并逐一探討各部分贖金支付的必要性,為下文的研究做鋪墊。第三章針對海盜贖金的性質做了深入的剖析,將其與單獨海損、共同海損以及海難救助相比較,找出它們之間的相同之處。第四章著重探討索馬里海盜贖金的可能解決方法,在現(xiàn)有保險法律制度基礎上提出了保賠保險和政府機構承保的新構想,希望能夠為索馬里海盜贖金問題的解決提供理論支持。
[Abstract]:On December 16, 2008, the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 1851, authorizing countries to use sea, land and air power to land or use air strikes to combat Somali pirates. The resolution authorizes States, subject to the permission of the Somali Government, to use all necessary means, including land or air power, to suppress piracy and armed robbery at sea. The intervention of government forces has restrained piracy to a certain extent, but a series of problems in international law caused by Somali piracy still haunt scholars all over the world. The problem of pirate ransom is one of its outstanding manifestations. The available information shows that the hijacking of ships by pirates in the past is basically robbery of cargo and existing property on board and may cause personal injury to the persons on board, but Somali pirates have different characteristics. They simply detain ships, cargo and crew for ransom, without harming the ship's cargo and crew's safety. This form of piracy does not conform to the existing international legal system, which makes the final payment and allocation of pirate ransom become the focus of controversy. Starting from the difference of Somali piracy, this paper discusses the possible ways to solve the problem of ransom allocation. The text of this paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter introduces the characteristics of Somali piracy and the related problems. Starting from the definition of piracy, this paper analyzes the particularity of Somali piracy, that is, not robbing ships and ship cargo, but only using it as blackmail for ransom. The second chapter analyzes the composition of Somali pirate ransom. The ransoms of Somali pirates are decomposed into three parts: ship ransoms, cargo ransoms and personnel ransoms, and the necessity of paying ransoms is discussed one by one. Chapter three makes a deep analysis of the nature of pirate ransom, compares it with individual average, general average and salvage, and finds out the similarities between them. The fourth chapter focuses on the possible solution of Somali pirate ransom. Based on the existing insurance law system, the author puts forward a new concept of insurance and government agencies underwriting, hoping to provide theoretical support for solving the problem of Somali pirate ransom.
【學位授予單位】：華東政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D996.19

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本文編號：1805302