本文選題：無單放貨 + 物權憑證　； 參考：《上海海事大學》2006年碩士論文

【摘要】：根據(jù)我國《海商法》以及國際航運慣例，承運人或其代理人必須憑正本提單放貨，以保證提單持有人的合法權益。然而，在實踐中，由于船舶周轉(zhuǎn)的快速與提單流轉(zhuǎn)相對滯后的矛盾，造成承運人常常被迫憑提單副本和保函放貨，無單放貨因而成為國際航運業(yè)一個久治不愈的“頑疾”。 在此情況下，承運人將極有可能對提單持有人承擔違約或侵權責任。本文首先從分析無單放貨產(chǎn)生的原因開始，探討了無單放貨糾紛各相關人之間的關系；然后論述了提單權利的法律性質(zhì)，得出提單兼具物權和債權效力，但提單在不同環(huán)節(jié)的功能是不同的觀點；接下來敘述承運人無單放貨法律責任的三種學說—侵權說、違約說和責任競合說，，認為在我國當前海商法律框架下，承運人無單放貨的法律責任應認定為違約；最后闡述了記名提單的識別問題以及各國對記名提單下承運人是否應憑單放貨的不同規(guī)定，并肯定了在我國《海商法》下承運人或其代理人也必須憑單放貨的觀點。 以上是本文的主要內(nèi)容，筆者參照了我國及英美等國的有關立法及判例，運用比較法學的研究方法，結(jié)合各國的法律規(guī)定和司法實踐展開論述，對無單放貨現(xiàn)象及相關法律問題進行了較詳細的闡述，謹希望通過此文，使我們對無單放貨有一定的了解并引起足夠的重視。
[Abstract]:According to China's Maritime Law and international shipping practice, the carrier or his agent must release the goods on the original bill of lading in order to guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of the holder of the bill of lading. However, in practice, due to the contradiction between the rapid turnover of ships and the relative lag in the circulation of bills of lading, the carrier is often forced to deliver goods on the basis of copies of bills of lading and guarantees, and the delivery of goods without bills of lading has become a persistent "disease" in the international shipping industry. In this case, the carrier will most likely be liable for breach of contract or tort against the holder of the bill of lading. This paper begins with the analysis of the causes of the delivery of goods without bill of lading, probes into the relationship between the parties involved in the dispute of delivery of goods without bill of lading, and then discusses the legal nature of the right of bill of lading, and draws the conclusion that the bill of lading has both real right and creditor's rights. However, the functions of bill of lading in different links are different from each other. The following three theories of carrier's legal liability for delivery without bill of lading are described: tort theory, breach of contract theory and concurrent liability theory, and holds that under the current legal framework of maritime commerce in our country, The legal liability of the carrier for delivery of goods without documents should be considered as breach of contract. Finally, the identification of bearer bills of lading and the different provisions of various countries on whether the carrier should deliver goods on paper under the bill of lading are discussed. The viewpoint that the carrier or his agent must release the goods with documents under the Maritime Law of China is affirmed. The above is the main content of this paper, the author refers to the relevant legislation and jurisprudence of China and the United States and the United States and other countries, using the research method of comparative law, combined with the legal provisions of various countries and judicial practice to begin to discuss. The phenomenon of undocumented delivery and related legal problems are expounded in detail. Through this article, we hope that we will have a certain understanding of the delivery of goods without bill and draw enough attention to it.
【學位授予單位】：上海海事大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：D922.294

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本文編號：1784822